Remote Sensing of Tundra Ecosystems Using High Spectral Resolution Reflectance: Opportunities and Challenges

Nelson, Peter R.; Maguire, Andrew J.; Pierrat, Zoe; Orcutt, Erica L.; Yang, Dedi; Serbin, Shawn; Frost, Gerald V.; Macander, Matthew J.; Magney, Troy S.; Thompson, David R.; Wang, Jonathan A.; Oberbauer, Steven F.; Zesati, Sergio Vargas; Davidson, Scott J.; Epstein, Howard E.; Unger, Steven; Campbell, Petya K. E.; Carmon, Nimrod; Velez‐Reyes, Miguel; Huemmrich, K. Fred

doi:10.1029/2021JG006697

Title: Remote Sensing of Tundra Ecosystems Using High Spectral Resolution Reflectance: Opportunities and Challenges

Journal Article · 16 February 2022 · Journal of Geophysical Research. Biogeosciences

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1029/2021JG006697 · OSTI ID:1845358

^[1];

^[2];

^[3];

^[4];

^[5];

^[6];

^[4];

^[2];

^[7]; Oberbauer, Steven F. ^[8];

^[9];

^[10];

^[11]; Unger, Steven ^[8];

^[12]; Carmon, Nimrod ^[2];

^[9];

^[12]

Schoodic Institute at Acadia National Park Winter Harbor ME USA
Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology Pasadena CA USA
University of California, Los Angeles CA USA
University of California, Davis CA USA
Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton NY USA
Alaska Biological Research, Inc. Fairbanks AK USA
University of California, Irvine CA USA
Florida International University Miami FL USA
University of Texas at El Paso TX USA
University of Plymouth UK, University of Waterloo ON Canada
University of Virginia Charlottesville VA USA
University of Maryland Baltimore County Baltimore MD USA

Abstract Observing the environment in the vast regions of Earth through remote sensing platforms provides the tools to measure ecological dynamics. The Arctic tundra biome, one of the largest inaccessible terrestrial biomes on Earth, requires remote sensing across multiple spatial and temporal scales, from towers to satellites, particularly those equipped for imaging spectroscopy (IS). We describe a rationale for using IS derived from advances in our understanding of Arctic tundra vegetation communities and their interaction with the environment. To best leverage ongoing and forthcoming IS resources, including National Aeronautics and Space Administration’s Surface Biology and Geology mission, we identify a series of opportunities and challenges based on intrinsic spectral dimensionality analysis and a review of current data and literature that illustrates the unique attributes of the Arctic tundra biome. These opportunities and challenges include thematic vegetation mapping, complicated by low‐stature plants and very fine‐scale surface composition heterogeneity; development of scalable algorithms for retrieval of canopy and leaf traits; nuanced variation in vegetation growth and composition that complicates detection of long‐term trends; and rapid phenological changes across brief growing seasons that may go undetected due to low revisit frequency or be obscured by snow cover and clouds. We recommend improvements to future field campaigns and satellite missions, advocating for research that combines multi‐scale spectroscopy, from lab studies to satellites that enable frequent and continuous long‐term monitoring, to inform statistical and biophysical approaches to model vegetation dynamics.

View Journal Article

Cite

Export

Save

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0012704

OSTI ID:: 1845358

Journal Information:: Journal of Geophysical Research. Biogeosciences, Journal Name: Journal of Geophysical Research. Biogeosciences Journal Issue: 2 Vol. 127; ISSN 2169-8953

Publisher:: American Geophysical Union (AGU)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

References (165)

A quantitative assessment of a terrestrial biosphere model's data needs across North American biomes: PEcAn/ED model-data uncertainty analysis Dietze, Michael C.; Serbin, Shawn P.; Davidson, Carl Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences, Vol. 119, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1002/2013JG002392	journal	March 2014
Tundra photosynthesis captured by satellite‐observed solar‐induced chlorophyll fluorescence Luus, K. A.; Commane, R.; Parazoo, N. C. Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 44, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1002/2016GL070842	journal	February 2017
Canopy reflectance models illustrate varying NDVI responses to change in high latitude ecosystems Huemmrich, Karl Fred; Vargas Zesati, Sergio; Campbell, Petya Ecological Applications, Vol. 31, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1002/eap.2435	journal	August 2021
Diurnal patterns of gas-exchange and metabolic pools in tundra plants during three phases of the arctic growing season Patankar, Rajit; Mortazavi, Behzad; Oberbauer, Steven F. Ecology and Evolution, Vol. 3, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.467	journal	January 2013
Enhancing global change experiments through integration of remote‐sensing techniques Shiklomanov, Alexey N.; Bradley, Bethany A.; Dahlin, Kyla M. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, Vol. 17, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1002/fee.2031	journal	April 2019
Lichens and mosses moisture content assessment through high-spectral resolution remote sensing technology: a case study of the Hudson Bay Lowlands, Canada Neta, T.; Cheng, Q.; Bello, R. L. Hydrological Processes, Vol. 24, Issue 18 https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.7669	journal	April 2010
Vegetation-soil-thaw-depth relationships along a low-arctic bioclimate gradient, Alaska: synthesis of information from the ATLAS studies Walker, D. A.; Jia, G. J.; Epstein, H. E. Permafrost and Periglacial Processes, Vol. 14, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1002/ppp.452	journal	January 2003
Patterns of permafrost formation and degradation in relation to climate and ecosystems Shur, Y. L.; Jorgenson, M. T. Permafrost and Periglacial Processes, Vol. 18, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1002/ppp.582	journal	January 2007
Global application of an unoccupied aerial vehicle photogrammetry protocol for predicting aboveground biomass in non‐forest ecosystems Cunliffe, Andrew M.; Anderson, Karen; Boschetti, Fabio Remote Sensing in Ecology and Conservation https://doi.org/10.1002/rse2.228	journal	July 2021
Scaling Functional Traits from Leaves to Canopies Serbin, Shawn P.; Townsend, Philip A. Remote Sensing of Plant Biodiversity https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-33157-3_3	book	January 2020
Photoinhibition as a control on photosynthesis and production of Sphagnum mosses Murray, K. J.; Tenhunen, J. D.; Nowak, R. S. Oecologia, Vol. 96, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00317733	journal	November 1993
Mineral nutrition and leaf longevity in an evergreen shrub, Ledum palustre ssp. decumbens Shaver, Gaius R. Oecologia, Vol. 49, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00347599	journal	July 1981
Irradiance and temperature effects on photosynthesis of tussock tundra Sphagnum mosses from the foothills of the Philip Smith Mountains, Alaska Harley, P. C.; Tenhunen, J. D.; Murray, K. J. Oecologia, Vol. 79, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00388485	journal	January 1989
The influence of non-sorted circles on species diversity of vascular plants, bryophytes and lichens in Sub-Arctic Tundra Makoto, K.; Klaminder, J. Polar Biology, Vol. 35, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00300-012-1206-3	journal	June 2012
Climatic, vegetative, and disturbance predictors of lichen species’ height in Arctic Alaska, USA Holt, Emily A.; Nelson, Peter R. Polar Biology, Vol. 44, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00300-020-02784-2	journal	January 2021
Photosynthesis, chlorophyll fluorescence and spectral reflectance in Sphagnum moss at varying water contents Van Gaalen, K. Eric; Flanagan, Lawrence B.; Peddle, Derek R. Oecologia, Vol. 153, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-007-0718-y	journal	April 2007
Tracking plant physiological properties from multi-angular tower-based remote sensing Hilker, Thomas; Gitelson, Anatoly; Coops, Nicholas C. Oecologia, Vol. 165, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-010-1901-0	journal	January 2011
The photochemical reflectance index: an optical indicator of photosynthetic radiation use efficiency across species, functional types, and nutrient levels Gamon, J. A.; Serrano, L.; Surfus, J. S. Oecologia, Vol. 112, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1007/s004420050337	journal	November 1997
Net Primary Production and Canopy Nitrogen in a Temperate Forest Landscape: An Analysis Using Imaging Spectroscopy, Modeling and Field Data Ollinger, Scott V.; Smith, Marie-Louise Ecosystems, Vol. 8, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-005-0079-5	journal	October 2005
Spatial Heterogeneity in the Shrub Tundra Ecotone in the Mackenzie Delta Region, Northwest Territories: Implications for Arctic Environmental Change Lantz, Trevor C.; Gergel, Sarah E.; Kokelj, Steven V. Ecosystems, Vol. 13, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-009-9310-0	journal	January 2010
The Cooling Capacity of Mosses: Controls on Water and Energy Fluxes in a Siberian Tundra Site Blok, D.; Heijmans, M. M. P. D.; Schaepman-Strub, G. Ecosystems, Vol. 14, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-011-9463-5	journal	July 2011
Assessing Vegetation Function with Imaging Spectroscopy Gamon, J. A.; Somers, B.; Malenovský, Z. Surveys in Geophysics, Vol. 40, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10712-019-09511-5	journal	February 2019
Trait-Based Modeling of Terrestrial Ecosystems: Advances and Challenges Under Global Change Xu, Xiangtao; Trugman, Anna T. Current Climate Change Reports, Vol. 7, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1007/s40641-020-00168-6	journal	January 2021
Reflectance spectra of subarctic lichens Petzold, Donald E.; Goward, Samuel N. Remote Sensing of Environment, Vol. 24, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1016/0034-4257(88)90020-X	journal	April 1988
Detection of changes in leaf water content using Near- and Middle-Infrared reflectances☆ Huntjr, E.; Rock, B. Remote Sensing of Environment, Vol. 30, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/0034-4257(89)90046-1	journal	October 1989
A narrow-waveband spectral index that tracks diurnal changes in photosynthetic efficiency Gamon, J. A.; Peñuelas, J.; Field, C. B. Remote Sensing of Environment, Vol. 41, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/0034-4257(92)90059-S	journal	July 1992
Spectral reflectance measurements in the genus Sphagnum Vogelmann, James E.; Moss, David M. Remote Sensing of Environment, Vol. 45, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1016/0034-4257(93)90110-J	journal	September 1993
Thermokarst Lakes, Drainage, and Drained Basins Grosse, G.; Jones, B.; Arp, C. Treatise on Geomorphology https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-374739-6.00216-5	book	January 2013
PLS-regression: a basic tool of chemometrics Wold, Svante; Sjöström, Michael; Eriksson, Lennart Chemometrics and Intelligent Laboratory Systems, Vol. 58, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0169-7439(01)00155-1	journal	October 2001
Upland tundra in the foothills of the Brooks Range, Alaska: Influence of light, water content and temperature on CO2 exchange of characteristic lichen species Lange, Otto L.; Hahn, Sabine C.; Müller, Gunter Flora, Vol. 191, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0367-2530(17)30691-6	journal	January 1996
Trait-based modelling in ecology: A review of two decades of research Zakharova, L.; Meyer, K. M.; Seifan, M. Ecological Modelling, Vol. 407 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2019.05.008	journal	September 2019
Vegetation recovery following extreme winter warming events in the sub-Arctic estimated using NDVI from remote sensing and handheld passive proximal sensors Bokhorst, S.; Tømmervik, H.; Callaghan, T. V. Environmental and Experimental Botany, Vol. 81 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envexpbot.2012.02.011	journal	September 2012
The fragmented nature of tundra landscape Virtanen, Tarmo; Ek, Malin International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation, Vol. 27 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jag.2013.05.010	journal	April 2014
A multi-scale remote sensing approach for monitoring northern peatland hydrology: Present possibilities and future challenges Harris, Angela; Bryant, Robert G. Journal of Environmental Management, Vol. 90, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2007.06.025	journal	May 2009
Reflectance spectra of subarctic lichens between 400 and 2400 nm Rees, W. Remote Sensing of Environment, Vol. 90, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2003.12.009	journal	April 2004
Detecting near-surface moisture stress in spp. Harris, A.; Bryant, R.; Baird, A. Remote Sensing of Environment, Vol. 97, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2005.05.001	journal	August 2005
A mobile tram system for systematic sampling of ecosystem optical properties Gamon, J.; Cheng, Y.; Claudio, H. Remote Sensing of Environment, Vol. 103, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2006.04.006	journal	August 2006
Estimating chlorophyll concentration in conifer needles with hyperspectral data: An assessment at the needle and canopy level Moorthy, Inian; Miller, John R.; Noland, Thomas L. Remote Sensing of Environment, Vol. 112, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2008.01.013	journal	June 2008
PROSPECT+SAIL models: A review of use for vegetation characterization Jacquemoud, Stéphane; Verhoef, Wout; Baret, Frédéric Remote Sensing of Environment, Vol. 113 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2008.01.026	journal	September 2009
A generalizable method for remote sensing of canopy nitrogen across a wide range of forest ecosystems Martin, M. E.; Plourde, L. C.; Ollinger, S. V. Remote Sensing of Environment, Vol. 112, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2008.04.008	journal	September 2008
Spectral and chemical analysis of tropical forests: Scaling from leaf to canopy levels Asner, G.; Martin, R. Remote Sensing of Environment, Vol. 112, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2008.07.003	journal	October 2008
Earth system science related imaging spectroscopy—An assessment Schaepman, Michael E.; Ustin, Susan L.; Plaza, Antonio J. Remote Sensing of Environment, Vol. 113 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2009.03.001	journal	September 2009
Remote sensing of tundra gross ecosystem productivity and light use efficiency under varying temperature and moisture conditions Huemmrich, K. F.; Gamon, J. A.; Tweedie, C. E. Remote Sensing of Environment, Vol. 114, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2009.10.003	journal	March 2010
Seasonal reflectance dynamics of common understory types in a northern European boreal forest Rautiainen, Miina; Mõttus, Matti; Heiskanen, Janne Remote Sensing of Environment, Vol. 115, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2011.06.005	journal	December 2011
Optimizing spectral indices and chemometric analysis of leaf chemical properties using radiative transfer modeling Féret, Jean-Baptiste; François, Christophe; Gitelson, Anatoly Remote Sensing of Environment, Vol. 115, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2011.06.016	journal	October 2011
Spatial and temporal variation in primary productivity (NDVI) of coastal Alaskan tundra: Decreased vegetation growth following earlier snowmelt Gamon, John A.; Huemmrich, K. Fred; Stone, Robert S. Remote Sensing of Environment, Vol. 129 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2012.10.030	journal	February 2013
Detecting continuous lichen abundance for mapping winter caribou forage at landscape spatial scales Nelson, Peter R.; Roland, Carl; Macander, Matthew J. Remote Sensing of Environment, Vol. 137 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2013.05.026	journal	October 2013
A decision-tree classification for low-lying complex land cover types within the zone of discontinuous permafrost Chasmer, L.; Hopkinson, C.; Veness, T. Remote Sensing of Environment, Vol. 143 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2013.12.016	journal	March 2014
Quantifying forest canopy traits: Imaging spectroscopy versus field survey Asner, Gregory P.; Martin, Roberta E.; Anderson, Christopher B. Remote Sensing of Environment, Vol. 158 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2014.11.011	journal	March 2015
Examining spectral reflectance features related to Arctic percent vegetation cover: Implications for hyperspectral remote sensing of Arctic tundra Liu, Nanfeng; Budkewitsch, Paul; Treitz, Paul Remote Sensing of Environment, Vol. 192 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2017.02.002	journal	April 2017
Short term changes in moisture content drive strong changes in Normalized Difference Vegetation Index and gross primary productivity in four Arctic moss communities May, Jeremy L.; Parker, Thomas; Unger, Steven Remote Sensing of Environment, Vol. 212 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2018.04.041	journal	June 2018
Imaging lichen water content with visible to mid-wave infrared (400–5500 nm) spectroscopy Granlund, Lars; Keski-Saari, Sarita; Kumpula, Timo Remote Sensing of Environment, Vol. 216 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2018.06.041	journal	October 2018
PhotoSpec: A new instrument to measure spatially distributed red and far-red Solar-Induced Chlorophyll Fluorescence Grossmann, Katja; Frankenberg, Christian; Magney, Troy S. Remote Sensing of Environment, Vol. 216 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2018.07.002	journal	October 2018
Optimal estimation for imaging spectrometer atmospheric correction Thompson, David R.; Natraj, Vijay; Green, Robert O. Remote Sensing of Environment, Vol. 216 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2018.07.003	journal	October 2018
Mapping foliar functional traits and their uncertainties across three years in a grassland experiment Wang, Zhihui; Townsend, Philip A.; Schweiger, Anna K. Remote Sensing of Environment, Vol. 221 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2018.11.016	journal	February 2019
Proximal remote sensing of tree physiology at northern treeline: Do late-season changes in the photochemical reflectance index (PRI) respond to climate or photoperiod? Eitel, Jan U. H.; Maguire, Andrew J.; Boelman, Natalie Remote Sensing of Environment, Vol. 221 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2018.11.022	journal	February 2019
Hierarchical mapping of annual global land cover 2001 to present: The MODIS Collection 6 Land Cover product Sulla-Menashe, Damien; Gray, Josh M.; Abercrombie, S. Parker Remote Sensing of Environment, Vol. 222 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2018.12.013	journal	March 2019
Data and resolution requirements in mapping vegetation in spatially heterogeneous landscapes Räsänen, Aleksi; Virtanen, Tarmo Remote Sensing of Environment, Vol. 230 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2019.05.026	journal	September 2019
A raster version of the Circumpolar Arctic Vegetation Map (CAVM) Raynolds, Martha K.; Walker, Donald A.; Balser, Andrew Remote Sensing of Environment, Vol. 232 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2019.111297	journal	October 2019
Linking vegetation cover and seasonal thaw depths in interior Alaska permafrost terrains using remote sensing Anderson, John E.; Douglas, Thomas A.; Barbato, Robyn A. Remote Sensing of Environment, Vol. 233 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2019.111363	journal	November 2019
Recent trends and remaining challenges for optical remote sensing of Arctic tundra vegetation: A review and outlook Beamish, Alison; Raynolds, Martha K.; Epstein, Howard Remote Sensing of Environment, Vol. 246 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2020.111872	journal	September 2020
A spectral analysis of common boreal ground lichen species Kuusinen, Nea; Juola, Jussi; Karki, Bijay Remote Sensing of Environment, Vol. 247 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2020.111955	journal	September 2020
NASA's surface biology and geology designated observable: A perspective on surface imaging algorithms Cawse-Nicholson, Kerry; Townsend, Philip A.; Schimel, David Remote Sensing of Environment, Vol. 257 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2021.112349	journal	May 2021
Photoprotection in lichens: adaptations of photobionts to high light Beckett, Richard Peter; Minibayeva, Farida; Solhaug, Knut Asbjørn The Lichenologist, Vol. 53, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1017/S0024282920000535	journal	January 2021
Phytomass patterns across a temperature gradient of the North American arctic tundra Epstein, Howard E.; Walker, Donald A.; Raynolds, Martha K. Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 113, Issue G3 https://doi.org/10.1029/2007JG000555	journal	January 2008
Surface hydrology of an arctic ecosystem: Multiscale analysis of a flooding and draining experiment using spectral reflectance Goswami, Santonu; Gamon, John A.; Tweedie, Craig E. Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 116 https://doi.org/10.1029/2010JG001346	journal	January 2011
Self‐Amplifying Feedbacks Accelerate Greening and Warming of the Arctic Zhang, W.; Miller, P. A.; Jansson, C. Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 45, Issue 14 https://doi.org/10.1029/2018GL077830	journal	July 2018
Tower‐Based Remote Sensing Reveals Mechanisms Behind a Two‐phased Spring Transition in a Mixed‐Species Boreal Forest Pierrat, Zoe; Nehemy, Magali F.; Roy, Alexandre Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences, Vol. 126, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1029/2020JG006191	journal	May 2021
Spectral reflectance measurements of boreal wetland and forest mosses Bubier, Jill L.; Rock, Barrett N.; Crill, Patrick M. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 102, Issue D24 https://doi.org/10.1029/97JD02316	journal	December 1997
Using chlorophyll fluorescence to assess the fraction of absorbed light allocated to thermal dissipation of excess excitation Demmig-Adams, Barbara; Adams III, William W.; Barker, David H. Physiologia Plantarum, Vol. 98, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1399-3054.1996.980206.x	journal	October 1996
Recent change of Arctic tundra ecosystems from a net carbon dioxide sink to a source Oechel, Walter C.; Hastings, Steven J.; Vourlrtis, George Nature, Vol. 361, Issue 6412 https://doi.org/10.1038/361520a0	journal	February 1993
Vole and lemming activity observed from space Olofsson, Johan; Tømmervik, Hans; Callaghan, Terry V. Nature Climate Change, Vol. 2, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate1537	journal	May 2012
Global plant trait relationships extend to the climatic extremes of the tundra biome Thomas, H. J. D.; Bjorkman, A. D.; Myers-Smith, I. H. Nature Communications, Vol. 11, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-15014-4	journal	March 2020
Summer warming explains widespread but not uniform greening in the Arctic tundra biome Berner, Logan T.; Massey, Richard; Jantz, Patrick Nature Communications, Vol. 11, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-18479-5	journal	September 2020
Emerging satellite observations for diurnal cycling of ecosystem processes Xiao, Jingfeng; Fisher, Joshua B.; Hashimoto, Hirofumi Nature Plants, Vol. 7, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41477-021-00952-8	journal	July 2021
Complexity revealed in the greening of the Arctic Myers-Smith, Isla H.; Kerby, Jeffrey T.; Phoenix, Gareth K. Nature Climate Change, Vol. 10, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41558-019-0688-1	journal	January 2020
Fine-scale tundra vegetation patterns are strongly related to winter thermal conditions Niittynen, Pekka; Heikkinen, Risto K.; Aalto, Juha Nature Climate Change, Vol. 10, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41558-020-00916-4	journal	September 2020
Patchy field sampling biases understanding of climate change impacts across the Arctic Metcalfe, Daniel B.; Hermans, Thirze D. G.; Ahlstrand, Jenny Nature Ecology & Evolution, Vol. 2, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-018-0612-5	journal	July 2018
Plant functional trait change across a warming tundra biome Bjorkman, Anne D.; Myers-Smith, Isla H.; Elmendorf, Sarah C. Nature, Vol. 562, Issue 7725 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-018-0563-7	journal	September 2018
Fire in arctic tundra of Alaska: past fire activity, future fire potential, and significance for land management and ecology French, Nancy H. F.; Jenkins, Liza K.; Loboda, Tatiana V. International Journal of Wildland Fire, Vol. 24, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1071/WF14167	journal	January 2015
A remotely sensed pigment index reveals photosynthetic phenology in evergreen conifers Gamon, John A.; Huemmrich, K. Fred; Wong, Christopher Y. S. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 113, Issue 46 https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1606162113	journal	November 2016
Patterns of plant carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus concentration in relation to productivity in China’s terrestrial ecosystems Tang, Zhiyao; Xu, Wenting; Zhou, Guoyi Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 115, Issue 16 https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1700295114	journal	April 2018
Ice needles weave patterns of stones in freezing landscapes Li, Anyuan; Matsuoka, Norikazu; Niu, Fujun Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 118, Issue 40 https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2110670118	journal	September 2021
Understanding burn severity sensing in Arctic tundra: exploring vegetation indices, suboptimal assessment timing and the impact of increasing pixel size Boelman, Natalie T.; Rocha, Adrian V.; Shaver, Gaius R. International Journal of Remote Sensing, Vol. 32, Issue 22 https://doi.org/10.1080/01431161.2011.611187	journal	September 2011
A temperature-controlled spectrometer system for continuous and unattended measurements of canopy spectral radiance and reflectance Drolet, Guillaume; Wade, Tom; Nichol, Caroline J. International Journal of Remote Sensing, Vol. 35, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1080/01431161.2014.882035	journal	February 2014
Spectral, spatial and temporal characteristics of Arctic tundra reflectance Stow, D. A.; Burns, B. H.; Hope, A. S. International Journal of Remote Sensing, Vol. 14, Issue 13 https://doi.org/10.1080/01431169308904285	journal	September 1993
Influence of BRDF on NDVI and biomass estimations of Alaska Arctic tundra Buchhorn, Marcel; Raynolds, Martha K.; Walker, Donald A. Environmental Research Letters, Vol. 11, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/11/12/125002	journal	November 2016
Missing pieces to modeling the Arctic-Boreal puzzle Fisher, Joshua B.; Hayes, Daniel J.; Schwalm, Christopher R. Environmental Research Letters, Vol. 13, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aa9d9a	journal	February 2018
Biogeophysical controls on soil-atmosphere thermal differences: implications on warming Arctic ecosystems Aalto, J.; Scherrer, D.; Lenoir, J. Environmental Research Letters, Vol. 13, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aac83e	journal	June 2018
An overview of ABoVE airborne campaign data acquisitions and science opportunities Miller, C. E.; Griffith, P. C.; Goetz, S. J. Environmental Research Letters, Vol. 14, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ab0d44	journal	July 2019
The role of land cover change in Arctic-Boreal greening and browning trends Wang, Jonathan A.; Friedl, Mark A. Environmental Research Letters, Vol. 14, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ab5429	journal	December 2019
Lichen cover mapping for caribou ranges in interior Alaska and Yukon Macander, Matthew J.; Palm, Eric C.; Frost, Gerald V. Environmental Research Letters, Vol. 15, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ab6d38	journal	April 2020
The bioclimatic extent and pattern of the cold edge of the boreal forest: the circumpolar taiga-tundra ecotone Montesano, Paul M.; Neigh, Christopher S. R.; Macander, Matthew Environmental Research Letters, Vol. 15, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/abb2c7	journal	October 2020
Drone data reveal heterogeneity in tundra greenness and phenology not captured by satellites Assmann, Jakob J.; Myers-Smith, Isla H.; Kerby, Jeffrey T. Environmental Research Letters, Vol. 15, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/abbf7d	journal	November 2020
Spatial patterns of arctic tundra vegetation properties on different soils along the Eurasia Arctic Transect, and insights for a changing Arctic Epstein, Howard E.; Walker, Donald A.; Frost, Gerald V. Environmental Research Letters, Vol. 16, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/abc9e3	journal	December 2020
Climate drivers of Arctic tundra variability and change using an indicators framework Bhatt, Uma S.; Walker, Donald A.; Raynolds, Martha K. Environmental Research Letters, Vol. 16, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/abe676	journal	May 2021
Multiscale mapping of plant functional groups and plant traits in the High Arctic using field spectroscopy, UAV imagery and Sentinel-2A data Thomson, Eleanor R.; Spiegel, Marcus P.; Althuizen, Inge H. J. Environmental Research Letters, Vol. 16, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/abf464	journal	April 2021
Landscape-scale characterization of Arctic tundra vegetation composition, structure, and function with a multi-sensor unoccupied aerial system Yang, Dedi; Morrison, Bailey D.; Hantson, Wouter Environmental Research Letters, Vol. 16, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ac1291	journal	July 2021
Spatial covariation between solar-induced fluorescence and vegetation indices from Arctic-Boreal landscapes Maguire, Andrew J.; Eitel, Jan U. H.; Magney, Troy S. Environmental Research Letters, Vol. 16, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ac188a	journal	August 2021
20 cm resolution mapping of tundra vegetation communities provides an ecological baseline for important research areas in a changing Arctic environment Greaves, Heather E.; Eitel, Jan U. H.; Vierling, Lee A. Environmental Research Communications, Vol. 1, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1088/2515-7620/ab4a85	journal	October 2019
Effects of Plant Traits on Ecosystem and Regional Processes: a Conceptual Framework for Predicting the Consequences of Global Change Chapin, F. S. Annals of Botany, Vol. 91, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcg041	journal	March 2003
Comparative Cryptogam Ecology: A Review of Bryophyte and Lichen Traits that Drive Biogeochemistry Cornelissen, J. H. C.; Lang, S. I.; Soudzilovskaia, N. A. Annals of Botany, Vol. 99, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcm030	journal	May 2007
Plant functional types in Earth system models: past experiences and future directions for application of dynamic vegetation models in high-latitude ecosystems Wullschleger, Stan D.; Epstein, Howard E.; Box, Elgene O. Annals of Botany, Vol. 114, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcu077	journal	May 2014
Remote sensing the biochemical composition of a slash pine canopy Curran, P. J.; Kupiec, J. A.; Smith, G. M. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, Vol. 35, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1109/36.563280	journal	March 1997
Towards the Copernicus Hyperspectral Imaging Mission For The Environment (CHIME) Nieke, J.; Rast, M. IGARSS 2018 - 2018 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium https://doi.org/10.1109/IGARSS.2018.8518384	conference	July 2018
Arctic Tundra Vegetation Functional Types Based on Photosynthetic Physiology and Optical Properties Huemmrich, Karl Fred; Gamon, John A.; Tweedie, Craig E. IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing, Vol. 6, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1109/JSTARS.2013.2253446	journal	April 2013
Observing terrestrial ecosystems and the carbon cycle from space Schimel, David; Pavlick, Ryan; Fisher, Joshua B. Global Change Biology, Vol. 21, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12822	journal	February 2015
Satellite chlorophyll fluorescence measurements reveal large-scale decoupling of photosynthesis and greenness dynamics in boreal evergreen forests Walther, Sophia; Voigt, Maximilian; Thum, Tea Global Change Biology, Vol. 22, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.13200	journal	June 2016
Spring photosynthetic onset and net CO ₂ uptake in Alaska triggered by landscape thawing Parazoo, Nicholas C.; Arneth, Almut; Pugh, Thomas A. M. Global Change Biology, Vol. 24, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.14283	journal	May 2018
Extensive land cover change across Arctic–Boreal Northwestern North America from disturbance and climate forcing Wang, Jonathan A.; Sulla‐Menashe, Damien; Woodcock, Curtis E. Global Change Biology, Vol. 26, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.14804	journal	September 2019
Remote sensing tracks daily radial wood growth of evergreen needleleaf trees Eitel, Jan U. H.; Griffin, Kevin L.; Boelman, Natalie T. Global Change Biology, Vol. 26, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.15112	journal	May 2020
Winter snow and spring temperature have differential effects on vegetation phenology and productivity across Arctic plant communities Kelsey, Katharine C.; Pedersen, Stine Højlund; Leffler, A. Joshua Global Change Biology, Vol. 27, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.15505	journal	January 2021
Let the concept of trait be functional! Violle, Cyrille; Navas, Marie-Laure; Vile, Denis Oikos, Vol. 116, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0030-1299.2007.15559.x	journal	May 2007
The Circumpolar Arctic vegetation map Walker, Donald A.; Raynolds, Martha K.; Daniëls, Fred J. A. Journal of Vegetation Science, Vol. 16, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1654-1103.2005.tb02365.x	journal	February 2005
Sustained energy dissipation in winter evergreens Verhoeven, Amy New Phytologist, Vol. 201, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.12466	journal	August 2013
Three causes of variation in the photochemical reflectance index (PRI) in evergreen conifers Wong, Christopher Y. S.; Gamon, John A. New Phytologist, Vol. 206, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.13159	journal	November 2014
The photochemical reflectance index provides an optical indicator of spring photosynthetic activation in evergreen conifers Wong, Christopher Y. S.; Gamon, John A. New Phytologist, Vol. 206, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.13251	journal	January 2015
A roadmap for improving the representation of photosynthesis in Earth system models Rogers, Alistair; Medlyn, Belinda E.; Dukes, Jeffrey S. New Phytologist, Vol. 213, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.14283	journal	November 2016
Plant traits inform predictions of tundra responses to global change Myers‐Smith, Isla H.; Thomas, Haydn J. D.; Bjorkman, Anne D. New Phytologist, Vol. 221, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.15592	journal	November 2018
From the Arctic to the tropics: multibiome prediction of leaf mass per area using leaf reflectance Serbin, Shawn P.; Wu, Jin; Ely, Kim S. New Phytologist, Vol. 224, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.16123	journal	September 2019
Tracking the phenology of photosynthesis using carotenoid‐sensitive and near‐infrared reflectance vegetation indices in a temperate evergreen and mixed deciduous forest Wong, Christopher Y. S.; D’Odorico, Petra; Arain, M. Altaf New Phytologist, Vol. 226, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.16479	journal	March 2020
Foliar functional traits from imaging spectroscopy across biomes in eastern North America Wang, Zhihui; Chlus, Adam; Geygan, Ryan New Phytologist, Vol. 228, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.16711	journal	June 2020
Leaf reflectance spectra capture the evolutionary history of seed plants Meireles, José Eduardo; Cavender‐Bares, Jeannine; Townsend, Philip A. New Phytologist, Vol. 228, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.16771	journal	July 2020
Seasonal thaw and landscape position determine foliar functional traits and whole‐plant water use in tall shrubs on the low arctic tundra Black, Katherine L.; Wallace, Cory A.; Baltzer, Jennifer L. New Phytologist, Vol. 231, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.17375	journal	April 2021
Reading light: leaf spectra capture fine‐scale diversity of closely related, hybridizing arctic shrubs Stasinski, Lance; White, Dawson M.; Nelson, Peter R. New Phytologist, Vol. 232, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.17731	journal	October 2021
Informing trait-based ecology by assessing remotely sensed functional diversity across a broad tropical temperature gradient Durán, Sandra M.; Martin, Roberta E.; Díaz, Sandra Science Advances, Vol. 5, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aaw8114	journal	December 2019
Basidiomycete yeasts in the cortex of ascomycete macrolichens Spribille, Toby; Tuovinen, Veera; Resl, Philipp Science, Vol. 353, Issue 6298 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aaf8287	journal	July 2016
Plant communities and soils in cryoturbated tundra along a bioclimate gradient in the Low Arctic, Alaska [Plant communities and soils in cryoturbated tundra along a bioclimate gradient in the Low Arctic, Alaska] Kade, Anja; Walker, Donald A.; Raynolds, Martha K. Phytocoenologia, Vol. 35, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1127/0340-269X/2005/0035-0761	journal	December 2005
Warmer Shorter Winters Disrupt Arctic Terrestrial Ecosystems Cooper, Elisabeth J. Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics, Vol. 45, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-120213-091620	journal	November 2014
Current and near-term advances in Earth observation for ecological applications Ustin, Susan L.; Middleton, Elizabeth M. Ecological Processes, Vol. 10, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1186/s13717-020-00255-4	journal	January 2021
A large airborne survey of Earth’s visible-infrared spectral dimensionality Thompson, David R.; Boardman, Joseph W.; Eastwood, Michael L. Optics Express, Vol. 25, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.25.009186	journal	January 2017
A spectral analysis of 25 boreal tree species Hovi, Aarne; Raitio, Pekka; Rautiainen, Miina Silva Fennica, Vol. 51, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.14214/sf.7753	journal	January 2017
Redefining the Directional-Hemispherical Reflectance and Transmittance of Needle-Shaped Leaves to Address Issues in Their Existing Measurement Methods Wang, Jun; Chen, Jing M.; Feng, Lian Photogrammetric Engineering & Remote Sensing, Vol. 86, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.14358/PERS.86.10.627	journal	October 2020
Photoprotective Strategies of Overwintering Evergreens Adams, William W.; Zarter, C. Ryan; Ebbert, Volker BioScience, Vol. 54, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1641/0006-3568(2004)054[0041:PSOOE]2.0.CO;2	journal	January 2004
Winter Biological Processes Could Help Convert Arctic Tundra to Shrubland Sturm, Matthew; Schimel, Josh; Michaelson, Gary BioScience, Vol. 55, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1641/0006-3568(2005)055[0017:WBPCHC]2.0.CO;2	journal	January 2005
Photosynthesis of Arctic Evergreens Under Snow: Implications for Tundra Ecosystem Carbon Balance Starr, Gregory; Oberbauer, Steven F. Ecology, Vol. 84, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1890/02-3154	journal	June 2003
Imaging spectroscopy algorithms for mapping canopy foliar chemical and morphological traits and their uncertainties Singh, Aditya; Serbin, Shawn P.; McNeil, Brenden E. Ecological Applications, Vol. 25, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1890/14-2098.1	journal	December 2015
Arctic Moss Spectral Reflectance Desiccation Experiment From Samples Collected in Northern Alaska Oberbauer, Steven Unger Sergio Vargas Jeremy May Steve EcoSIS https://doi.org/10.21232/qexH8UoJ	dataset	January 2022
Functional Approaches to Predicting the Ecological Effects of Global Change Woodward, F. I.; Diament, A. D. Functional Ecology, Vol. 5, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.2307/2389258	journal	January 1991
Treeline advance - driving processes and adverse factors Holtmeier, Friedrich Karl; Broll, Gabriele E. Landscape Online, Vol. 1 https://doi.org/10.3097/LO.200701	journal	June 2007
Impacts of Arctic Shrubs on Root Traits and Belowground Nutrient Cycles Across a Northern Alaskan Climate Gradient Chen, Weile; Tape, Ken D.; Euskirchen, Eugénie S. Frontiers in Plant Science, Vol. 11 https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2020.588098	journal	December 2020
Treeline Research—From the Roots of the Past to Present Time. A Review Holtmeier, Friedrich-Karl; Broll, Gabriele Forests, Vol. 11, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3390/f11010038	journal	December 2019
Arctic Vegetation Mapping Using Unsupervised Training Datasets and Convolutional Neural Networks Langford, Zachary L.; Kumar, Jitendra; Hoffman, Forrest M. Remote Sensing, Vol. 11, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11010069	journal	January 2019
Spectral and Radiometric Calibration of the Next Generation Airborne Visible Infrared Spectrometer (AVIRIS-NG) Chapman, John W.; Thompson, David R.; Helmlinger, Mark C. Remote Sensing, Vol. 11, Issue 18 https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11182129	journal	September 2019
A 20-Year MODIS-Based Snow Cover Dataset for Svalbard and Its Link to Phenological Timing and Sea Ice Variability Vickers, Hannah; Karlsen, Stein Rune; Malnes, Eirik Remote Sensing, Vol. 12, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12071123	journal	April 2020
A Multi-Sensor Unoccupied Aerial System Improves Characterization of Vegetation Composition and Canopy Properties in the Arctic Tundra Yang, Dedi; Meng, Ran; Morrison, Bailey D. Remote Sensing, Vol. 12, Issue 16 https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12162638	journal	August 2020
Improved Boreal Forest Wildfire Fuel Type Mapping in Interior Alaska Using AVIRIS-NG Hyperspectral Data Smith, Christopher William; Panda, Santosh K.; Bhatt, Uma Suren Remote Sensing, Vol. 13, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13050897	journal	February 2021
Time-Series of Cloud-Free Sentinel-2 NDVI Data Used in Mapping the Onset of Growth of Central Spitsbergen, Svalbard Karlsen, Stein Rune; Stendardi, Laura; Tømmervik, Hans Remote Sensing, Vol. 13, Issue 15 https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13153031	journal	August 2021
Automatic Detection of Small Single Trees in the Forest-Tundra Ecotone Using Airborne Laser Scanning Stumberg, Nadja; Bollandsås, Ole; Gobakken, Terje Remote Sensing, Vol. 6, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.3390/rs61010152	journal	October 2014
Differentiating among Four Arctic Tundra Plant Communities at Ivotuk, Alaska Using Field Spectroscopy Bratsch, Sara; Epstein, Howard; Buchhorn, Marcel Remote Sensing, Vol. 8, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3390/rs8010051	journal	January 2016
Calibration and Validation of Landsat Tree Cover in the Taiga−Tundra Ecotone Montesano, Paul; Neigh, Christopher; Sexton, Joseph Remote Sensing, Vol. 8, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.3390/rs8070551	journal	June 2016
Mapping Arctic Tundra Vegetation Communities Using Field Spectroscopy and Multispectral Satellite Data in North Alaska, USA Davidson, Scott; Santos, Maria; Sloan, Victoria Remote Sensing, Vol. 8, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.3390/rs8120978	journal	November 2016
Land Cover Mapping in Northern High Latitude Permafrost Regions with Satellite Data: Achievements and Remaining Challenges Bartsch, Annett; Höfler, Angelika; Kroisleitner, Christine Remote Sensing, Vol. 8, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.3390/rs8120979	journal	November 2016
Regional Quantitative Cover Mapping of Tundra Plant Functional Types in Arctic Alaska Macander, Matthew; Frost, Gerald; Nelson, Peter Remote Sensing, Vol. 9, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.3390/rs9101024	journal	October 2017
A Phenological Approach to Spectral Differentiation of Low-Arctic Tundra Vegetation Communities, North Slope, Alaska Beamish, Alison; Coops, Nicholas; Chabrillat, Sabine Remote Sensing, Vol. 9, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.3390/rs9111200	journal	November 2017
A Mobile Instrumented Sensor Platform for Long-Term Terrestrial Ecosystem Analysis: An Example Application in an Arctic Tundra Ecosystem Healey, N. C. Journal of Environmental Informatics, Vol. 24, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3808/jei.201400278	journal	September 2014
Spaceborne potential for examining taiga–tundra ecotone form and vulnerability Montesano, Paul M.; Sun, Guoqing; Dubayah, Ralph O. Biogeosciences, Vol. 13, Issue 13 https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-3847-2016	journal	January 2016
Linking big models to big data: efficient ecosystem model calibration through Bayesian model emulation Fer, Istem; Kelly, Ryan; Moorcroft, Paul R. Biogeosciences, Vol. 15, Issue 19 https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-5801-2018	journal	January 2018
Assessing the dynamics of vegetation productivity in circumpolar regions with different satellite indicators of greenness and photosynthesis Walther, Sophia; Guanter, Luis; Heim, Birgit Biogeosciences, Vol. 15, Issue 20 https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-6221-2018	journal	January 2018
Microclimatic comparison of lichen heaths and shrubs: shrubification generates atmospheric heating but subsurface cooling during the growing season Aartsma, Peter; Asplund, Johan; Odland, Arvid Biogeosciences, Vol. 18, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1577-2021	journal	January 2021
Arctic aquatic graminoid tundra responses to nutrient availability Andresen, Christian G.; Lougheed, Vanessa L. Biogeosciences, Vol. 18, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-2649-2021	journal	January 2021
Cutting out the middleman: calibrating and validating a dynamic vegetation model (ED2-PROSPECT5) using remotely sensed surface reflectance Shiklomanov, Alexey N.; Dietze, Michael C.; Fer, Istem Geoscientific Model Development, Vol. 14, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-2603-2021	journal	January 2021
Evaluating EO1-Hyperion capability for mapping conifer and broadleaved forests Puletti, Nicola; Camarretta, Nicolò; Corona, Piermaria European Journal of Remote Sensing, Vol. 49, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.5721/EuJRS20164909	journal	January 2016
Reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) and climate change: Importance of winter forage Heggberget, Thrine Moen; Gaare, Eldar; Ball, John P. Rangifer, Vol. 22, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.7557/2.22.1.388	journal	June 2002
Changes in vegetative cover on Western Arctic Herd winter range from 1981 to 2005: potential effects of grazing and climate change Joly, Kyle; Jandt, Randi R.; Meyers, Cynthia R. Rangifer, Vol. 27, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.7557/2.27.4.345	journal	April 2007

Similar Records

NOAA Arctic Report Card 2024 : Tundra Greenness

Journal Article · 2024 · Arctic Report Card (Online) · OSTI ID:2538059

Frost, Gerald V.; Macander, Matthew J.; Bhatt, Uma S.; +16 more

Fine-scale landscape characteristics, vegetation composition, and snowmelt timing control phenological heterogeneity across low-Arctic tundra landscapes in Western Alaska

Journal Article · 2024 · Environmental Research: Ecology · OSTI ID:2483945

Yang, Dedi; Hantson, Wouter; Hayes, Daniel J.; +2 more

Landscape-scale characterization of Arctic tundra vegetation composition, structure, and function with a multi-sensor unoccupied aerial system

Journal Article · 2021 · Environmental Research Letters · OSTI ID:1808063

Yang, Dedi; Morrison, Bailey D.; Hantson, Wouter; +6 more

Title: Remote Sensing of Tundra Ecosystems Using High Spectral Resolution Reflectance: Opportunities and Challenges

Citation Formats

References (165)

Similar Records

Related Subjects