Optimal Gas-Electric Energy System Decarbonization Planning

Von Wald, Gregory; Sundar, Kaarthik; Zlotnik, Anatoly V.; Sherwin, Evan; Brandt, Adam

doi:10.1016/j.adapen.2022.100086

Title: Optimal Gas-Electric Energy System Decarbonization Planning

Journal Article · 01 February 2022 · Advances in Applied Energy

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adapen.2022.100086 · OSTI ID:1845259

Von Wald, Gregory ^[1];

^[2];

^[2]; Sherwin, Evan ^[1]; Brandt, Adam ^[1]

Stanford Univ., CA (United States)
Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)

As energy utilities implement climate change mitigation policies, system planners require strategies for achieving affordable emissions reductions. Coordinated planning of electric power and natural gas systems will allow synergistic investments to address cross-sector operational constraints, competing uses for net-zero emissions fuels, and shifts in energy demands across energy carriers. In this study, we develop a novel optimization program that finds the cost-minimizing mix of infrastructure expansion or reduction across gas and electric systems to satisfy sector-specific emissions constraints. Alongside energy supply resources, our framework allows for central-planning of end-use equipment stocks to allow switching between gas and electric appliances upon failure or premature replacement. The proposed model is used to simulate case study scenarios for a benchmark 24-pipe gas network coupled to a 24-node power system test network. We find that electrification of greater than 80% of core gas demands is a component of the least-cost solution for modeled energy systems. Despite this substitution, the gas system is maintained to service difficult-to-electrify customers and to deliver net-zero emissions gas to electricity generators in times of peak electricity demand. Restricting electrification of gas appliances increases reliance on power- to-gas technologies and increases annual costs by 15% in 2040. Neglecting constraints on pipeline blending of hydrogen can produce a misleading result that relies on hydrogen blend fractions of greater than 50%. In all cases, we find the average costs of delivered gas increase nearly 5-fold across the decarbonization transition, highlighting the importance of future work investigating cost-allocation strategies for ensuring an equitable energy transition.

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Research Organization:: Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Electricity (OE)

Grant/Contract Number:: 89233218CNA000001

OSTI ID:: 1845259

Report Number(s):: LA-UR-21-25254

Journal Information:: Advances in Applied Energy, Journal Name: Advances in Applied Energy Vol. 6; ISSN 2666-7924

Publisher:: ElsevierCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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29 ENERGY PLANNING, POLICY, AND ECONOMY
capacity expansion
decarbonization
integrated gas-electric system
multi-period
net-zero energy system
optimization
system planning

Title: Optimal Gas-Electric Energy System Decarbonization Planning

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