Deconstructing the root system of grasses through an exploration of development, anatomy and function

G. Viana, Willian; Scharwies, Johannes D.; Dinneny, José R.

doi:10.1111/pce.14270

Title: Deconstructing the root system of grasses through an exploration of development, anatomy and function

Journal Article · 13 February 2022 · Plant, Cell and Environment

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/pce.14270 · OSTI ID:1845177

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Department of Biology Stanford University Stanford California USA

Abstract Well‐adapted root systems allow plants to grow under resource‐limiting environmental conditions and are important determinants of yield in agricultural systems. Important staple crops such as rice and maize belong to the family of grasses, which develop a complex root system that consists of an embryonic root system that emerges from the seed, and a postembryonic nodal root system that emerges from basal regions of the shoot after germination. While early seedling establishment is dependent on the embryonic root system, the nodal root system, and its associated branches, gains in importance as the plant matures and will ultimately constitute the bulk of below‐ground growth. In this review, we aim to give an overview of the different root types that develop in cereal grass root systems, explore the different physiological roles they play by defining their anatomical features, and outline the genetic networks that control their development. Through this deconstructed view of grass root system function, we provide a parts‐list of elements that function together in an integrated root system to promote survival and crop productivity.

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Research Organization:: Stanford Univ., CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: Simons Foundation; USDOE; USDOE Advanced Research Projects Agency - Energy (ARPA-E); USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER)

Grant/Contract Number:: AR0000825; SC0008769

OSTI ID:: 1845177

Journal Information:: Plant, Cell and Environment, Journal Name: Plant, Cell and Environment Journal Issue: 3 Vol. 45; ISSN 0140-7791

Publisher:: Wiley-BlackwellCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United Kingdom

Language:: English

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