The Lithophile Element Budget of Earth's Core

Chidester, B. A.; Lock, S. J.; Swadba, K. E.; Rahman, Z.; Righter, K.; Campbell, A. J.

doi:10.1029/2021GC009986

Title: The Lithophile Element Budget of Earth's Core

Journal Article · 14 February 2022 · Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1029/2021GC009986 · OSTI ID:1845172

^[1];

^[2]; Swadba, K. E. ^[3]; Rahman, Z. ^[4]; Righter, K. ^[5]; Campbell, A. J. ^[3]

University of California Davis Davis CA USA, University of Chicago Chicago IL USA, Now at Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos NM USA
California Institute of Technology Pasadena CA USA, University of Bristol Bristol UK
University of Chicago Chicago IL USA
Jacobs NASA Johnson Space Center Houston TX USA
NASA Johnson Space Center Houston TX USA

Abstract The relative composition of Earth's core and mantle were set during core formation. By determining how elements partition between metal and silicate at high pressures and temperatures, measurements of the mantle composition and geophysical observations of the core can be used to understand the mechanisms by which Earth formed. Here we present the results of metal‐silicate partitioning experiments for a range of nominally lithophile elements (Al, Ca, K, Mg, O, Si, Th, and U) and S to 85 GPa and up to 5400 K. With our results and a compilation of literature data, we developed a parameterization for partitioning that accounts for compositional dependencies in both the metal and silicate phases. Using this parameterization in a range of planetary growth models, we find that, in general, lithophile element partitioning into the metallic phase is enhanced at high temperatures. The relative abundances of FeO, SiO ₂ , and MgO in the mantle vary significantly between planetary growth models, and the mantle abundances of these elements can be used to provide important constraints on Earth's accretion. To match Earth's core mass and mantle composition, Earth's building blocks must have been enriched in Fe and depleted in Si compared with CI chondrites. Finally, too little Mg, Si, and O are partitioned into the core for precipitation of oxides to be a major source of energy for the geodynamo. In contrast, several ppb of U can be partitioned into the core at high temperatures, and this energy source must be accounted for in thermal evolution models.

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Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

Grant/Contract Number:: NA0003842

OSTI ID:: 1845172

Journal Information:: Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, Journal Name: Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems Journal Issue: 2 Vol. 23; ISSN 1525-2027

Publisher:: American Geophysical Union (AGU)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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The solubility of heat-producing elements in Earth’s core Blanchard, I.; Siebert, J.; Borensztajn, S. Geochemical Perspectives Letters https://doi.org/10.7185/geochemlet.1737	journal	October 2017

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