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Title: Utilizing a Storm-Generating Hotspot to Study Convective Cloud Transitions: The CACTI Experiment

Abstract

The Cloud, Aerosol, and Complex Terrain Interactions (CACTI) field campaign was designed to improve understanding of orographic cloud life cycles in relation to surrounding atmospheric thermodynamic, flow, and aerosol conditions. The deployment to the Sierras de Córdoba range in north-central Argentina was chosen because of very frequent cumulus congestus, deep convection initiation, and mesoscale convective organization uniquely observable from a fixed site. The C-band Scanning Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Precipitation Radar was deployed for the first time with over 50 ARM Mobile Facility atmospheric state, surface, aerosol, radiation, cloud, and precipitation instruments between October 2018 and April 2019. An intensive observing period (IOP) coincident with the RELAMPAGO field campaign was held between 1 November and 15 December during which 22 flights were performed by the ARM Gulfstream-1 aircraft. A multitude of atmospheric processes and cloud conditions were observed over the 7-month campaign, including numerous orographic cumulus and stratocumulus events; new particle formation and growth producing high aerosol concentrations; drizzle formation in fog and shallow liquid clouds; very low aerosol conditions following wet deposition in heavy rainfall; initiation of ice in congestus clouds across a range of temperatures; extreme deep convection reaching 21-km altitudes; and organization of intense, hail-containing supercells andmore » mesoscale convective systems. These comprehensive datasets include many of the first ever collected in this region and provide new opportunities to study orographic cloud evolution and interactions with meteorological conditions, aerosols, surface conditions, and radiation in mountainous terrain.« less

Authors:
ORCiD logo [1];  [2];  [3]; ORCiD logo [4];  [5];  [4];  [6]; ORCiD logo [4];  [6];  [4];  [4]; ORCiD logo [4];  [7];  [8];  [4];  [4];  [6];  [6];  [9];  [10] more »; ORCiD logo [4];  [11];  [7];  [12];  [4]; ORCiD logo [4];  [6]; ORCiD logo [4];  [13];  [13] « less
+ Show Author Affiliations
  1. Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States); Univ. of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT (United States)
  2. Univ. of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, IL (United States)
  3. Univ. of Buenos Aires (Argentina)
  4. Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)
  5. Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States); Fortem Technologies, Pleasant Grove, UT (United States)
  6. Colorado State Univ., Fort Collins, CO (United States)
  7. Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States); Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
  8. Universidade dos Açores, Ponta Delgada, (Portugal)
  9. Univ. of Oklahoma, Norman, OK (United States)
  10. Univ. of Washington, Seattle, WA (United States)
  11. Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
  12. Servicio Meteorologico Nacional, Buenos Aires, (Argentina)
  13. Univ. of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT (United States)
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER); National Science Foundation (NSF)
OSTI Identifier:
1844598
Report Number(s):
PNNL-SA-157358
Journal ID: ISSN 0003-0007
Grant/Contract Number:  
AC05-76RL01830; AGS-1661662; AGS-1661799; AGS-1661707
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 102; Journal Issue: 8; Journal ID: ISSN 0003-0007
Publisher:
American Meteorological Society
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
58 GEOSCIENCES; 54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES; Convective clouds; Precipitation; Storm environments; In situ atmospheric observations; Remote sensing; Aerosol-cloud interaction

Citation Formats

Varble, Adam C., Nesbitt, Stephen W., Salio, Paola, Hardin, Joseph C., Bharadwaj, Nitin, Borque, Paloma, DeMott, Paul J., Feng, Zhe, Hill, Thomas J., Marquis, James N., Matthews, Alyssa, Mei, Fan, Öktem, Rusen, Castro, Vagner, Goldberger, Lexie, Hunzinger, Alexis, Barry, Kevin R., Kreidenweis, Sonia M., McFarquhar, Greg M., McMurdie, Lynn A., Pekour, Mikhail, Powers, Heath, Romps, David M., Saulo, Celeste, Schmid, Beat, Tomlinson, Jason M., van den Heever, Susan C., Zelenyuk, Alla, Zhang, Zhixiao, and Zipser, Edward J. Utilizing a Storm-Generating Hotspot to Study Convective Cloud Transitions: The CACTI Experiment. United States: N. p., 2021. Web. doi:10.1175/bams-d-20-0030.1.
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Varble, Adam C., Nesbitt, Stephen W., Salio, Paola, Hardin, Joseph C., Bharadwaj, Nitin, Borque, Paloma, DeMott, Paul J., Feng, Zhe, Hill, Thomas J., Marquis, James N., Matthews, Alyssa, Mei, Fan, Öktem, Rusen, Castro, Vagner, Goldberger, Lexie, Hunzinger, Alexis, Barry, Kevin R., Kreidenweis, Sonia M., McFarquhar, Greg M., McMurdie, Lynn A., Pekour, Mikhail, Powers, Heath, Romps, David M., Saulo, Celeste, Schmid, Beat, Tomlinson, Jason M., van den Heever, Susan C., Zelenyuk, Alla, Zhang, Zhixiao, & Zipser, Edward J. Utilizing a Storm-Generating Hotspot to Study Convective Cloud Transitions: The CACTI Experiment. United States. https://doi.org/10.1175/bams-d-20-0030.1
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Varble, Adam C., Nesbitt, Stephen W., Salio, Paola, Hardin, Joseph C., Bharadwaj, Nitin, Borque, Paloma, DeMott, Paul J., Feng, Zhe, Hill, Thomas J., Marquis, James N., Matthews, Alyssa, Mei, Fan, Öktem, Rusen, Castro, Vagner, Goldberger, Lexie, Hunzinger, Alexis, Barry, Kevin R., Kreidenweis, Sonia M., McFarquhar, Greg M., McMurdie, Lynn A., Pekour, Mikhail, Powers, Heath, Romps, David M., Saulo, Celeste, Schmid, Beat, Tomlinson, Jason M., van den Heever, Susan C., Zelenyuk, Alla, Zhang, Zhixiao, and Zipser, Edward J. Sun . "Utilizing a Storm-Generating Hotspot to Study Convective Cloud Transitions: The CACTI Experiment". United States. https://doi.org/10.1175/bams-d-20-0030.1. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1844598.
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@article{osti_1844598,
title = {Utilizing a Storm-Generating Hotspot to Study Convective Cloud Transitions: The CACTI Experiment},
author = {Varble, Adam C. and Nesbitt, Stephen W. and Salio, Paola and Hardin, Joseph C. and Bharadwaj, Nitin and Borque, Paloma and DeMott, Paul J. and Feng, Zhe and Hill, Thomas J. and Marquis, James N. and Matthews, Alyssa and Mei, Fan and Öktem, Rusen and Castro, Vagner and Goldberger, Lexie and Hunzinger, Alexis and Barry, Kevin R. and Kreidenweis, Sonia M. and McFarquhar, Greg M. and McMurdie, Lynn A. and Pekour, Mikhail and Powers, Heath and Romps, David M. and Saulo, Celeste and Schmid, Beat and Tomlinson, Jason M. and van den Heever, Susan C. and Zelenyuk, Alla and Zhang, Zhixiao and Zipser, Edward J.},
abstractNote = {The Cloud, Aerosol, and Complex Terrain Interactions (CACTI) field campaign was designed to improve understanding of orographic cloud life cycles in relation to surrounding atmospheric thermodynamic, flow, and aerosol conditions. The deployment to the Sierras de Córdoba range in north-central Argentina was chosen because of very frequent cumulus congestus, deep convection initiation, and mesoscale convective organization uniquely observable from a fixed site. The C-band Scanning Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Precipitation Radar was deployed for the first time with over 50 ARM Mobile Facility atmospheric state, surface, aerosol, radiation, cloud, and precipitation instruments between October 2018 and April 2019. An intensive observing period (IOP) coincident with the RELAMPAGO field campaign was held between 1 November and 15 December during which 22 flights were performed by the ARM Gulfstream-1 aircraft. A multitude of atmospheric processes and cloud conditions were observed over the 7-month campaign, including numerous orographic cumulus and stratocumulus events; new particle formation and growth producing high aerosol concentrations; drizzle formation in fog and shallow liquid clouds; very low aerosol conditions following wet deposition in heavy rainfall; initiation of ice in congestus clouds across a range of temperatures; extreme deep convection reaching 21-km altitudes; and organization of intense, hail-containing supercells and mesoscale convective systems. These comprehensive datasets include many of the first ever collected in this region and provide new opportunities to study orographic cloud evolution and interactions with meteorological conditions, aerosols, surface conditions, and radiation in mountainous terrain.},
doi = {10.1175/bams-d-20-0030.1},
journal = {Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society},
number = 8,
volume = 102,
place = {United States},
year = {Sun Aug 01 00:00:00 EDT 2021},
month = {Sun Aug 01 00:00:00 EDT 2021}
}
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https://doi.org/10.1175/bams-d-20-0030.1
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  • Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, Vol. 141, Issue 687
  • DOI: 10.1002/qj.2363

An extended radar relative calibration adjustment (eRCA) technique for higher-frequency radars and range–height indicator (RHI) scans
journal, January 2020

  • Hunzinger, Alexis; Hardin, Joseph C.; Bharadwaj, Nitin
  • Atmospheric Measurement Techniques, Vol. 13, Issue 6
  • DOI: 10.5194/amt-13-3147-2020

Radiosonde Observations of Environments Supporting Deep Moist Convection Initiation during RELAMPAGO-CACTI
journal, January 2021

  • Nelson, T. Connor; Marquis, James; Varble, Adam
  • Monthly Weather Review, Vol. 149, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1175/MWR-D-20-0148.1

A ubiquitous ice size bias in simulations of tropical deep convection
journal, January 2017

  • Stanford, McKenna W.; Varble, Adam; Zipser, Ed
  • Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 17, Issue 15
  • DOI: 10.5194/acp-17-9599-2017

Orogenic Convection in Subtropical South America as Seen by the TRMM Satellite
journal, August 2011

Multiple-Platform and Multiple-Doppler Radar Observations of a Supercell Thunderstorm in South America during RELAMPAGO
journal, August 2020

  • Trapp, Robert J.; Kosiba, Karen A.; Marquis, James N.
  • Monthly Weather Review, Vol. 148, Issue 8
  • DOI: 10.1175/MWR-D-20-0125.1
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