The Madden–Julian Oscillation in the Energy Exascale Earth System Model Version 1

Journal Article · 03 February 2022 · Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1029/2021MS002842 · OSTI ID:1843636

Kim, Daehyun  ^[1]; Kang, Daehyun ^[2]; Ahn, Min‐Seop ^[3]; DeMott, Charlotte ^[4]; Hsu, Chia‐Wei  ^[4]; Yoo, Changhyun ^[5]; Leung, L. Ruby  ^[6]; Hagos, Samson  ^[6]; Rasch, Philip J.  ^[6]

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1. Department of Atmospheric Sciences University of Washington Seattle WA USA
2. Department of Oceanography Chonnam National University Gwangju South Korea
3. PCMDI Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Livermore CA USA
4. Department of Atmospheric Science Colorado State University Fort Collins CO USA
5. Department of Climate and Energy Systems Engineering Ewha Womans University Seoul South Korea
6. Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Richland WA USA

Abstract The present study examines the characteristics of the Madden–Julian Oscillation (MJO) events represented in the Energy Exascale Earth System Model version 1 (E3SMv1), DOE’s new Earth system model. The coupled E3SMv1 realistically simulates the eastward propagation of precipitation and moist static energy (MSE) anomalies associated with the MJO. As in observations, horizontal moisture advection and longwave radiative feedback are found to be the dominant processes in E3SMv1 that lead to the eastward movement and maintenance of the MJO MSE anomalies, respectively. Modulation of the diurnal cycle of precipitation in the Maritime Continent region by the MJO is also well represented in the model despite systematic biases in the magnitude and phase of the precipitation diurnal cycle. On the MJO impact over the midlatitude, E3SMv1 reasonably captures the pattern of the MJO teleconnections across the North Pacific and North America, with improvement in the performance in a high‐resolution version, despite the magnitude being a bit weaker than the observed. Regarding the interannual variability of the MJO, the El Niño‐Southern Oscillation (ENSO) modulation of the zonal extent of MJO’s eastward propagation, as well as associated changes in the mean state moisture gradient in the tropical west Pacific, are well reproduced in the model. However, MJO in E3SMv1 exhibits no sensitivity to the Quasi‐Biennial Oscillation (QBO), with the MJO propagation characteristics being almost identical between easterly QBO and westerly QBO years. Processes that have been suggested as critical to MJO simulation are also examined by utilizing recently developed process‐oriented diagnostics.

• Research Organization: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States); Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States). Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Data Center; Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States); Univ. of Washington, Seattle, WA (United States)
• Sponsoring Organization: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA); National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA); National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF); USDOE; USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA); USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER)
• Contributing Organization: Argonne National Laboratory (ANL); Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL); Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL); Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL)
• Grant/Contract Number: AC05-76RL01830; AC52-07NA27344; SC0016223; SC0019495; SC0020092
• OSTI ID: 1843636
• Report Number(s): LLNL-JRNL-834403; e2021MS002842
• Journal Information: Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems, Journal Name: Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems Journal Issue: 2 Vol. 14; ISSN 1942-2466
• Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)Copyright Statement
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English