Manufacturing Processes for Permanent Magnets: Part I—Sintering and Casting

Cui, Jun; Ormerod, John; Parker, David; Ott, Ryan; Palasyuk, Andriy; Mccall, Scott; Paranthaman, M. Parans; Kesler, Michael S.; McGuire, Michael A.; Nlebedim, Ikenna C.; Pan, Chaochao; Lograsso, Thomas

doi:10.1007/s11837-022-05156-9

Title: Manufacturing Processes for Permanent Magnets: Part I—Sintering and Casting

Journal Article · 01 February 2022 · JOM. Journal of the Minerals, Metals & Materials Society

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-022-05156-9 · OSTI ID:1843522

; Ormerod, John; Parker, David;

; Palasyuk, Andriy; Mccall, Scott;

; Kesler, Michael S.; McGuire, Michael A.;

; Pan, Chaochao; Lograsso, Thomas

Abstract Permanent magnets (PMs) produce magnetic fields and maintain the field even in the presence of an opposing magnetic field. Electrical machines using permanent magnets are more efficient than those without. Currently, all known strong magnets contain rare earth (RE) elements, and they are core components of a wide range of applications including electric vehicles and wind turbines. RE elements such as Nd and Dy have become critical materials due to the growing demand and constrained supply. Improving the manufacturing process is effective in mitigating the RE criticality issue by reducing waste and improving parts consistency. In this article, the state of the industry for PM is reviewed in detail considering both the technical and economic drivers. The importance of RE elements is discussed along with their economic importance to green energy. The conventional sintering and casting manufacturing processes for commercial magnets, including Nd-Fe-B, Sm-Co, Alnico, and ferrite, are described in detail.

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Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE)

OSTI ID:: 1843522

Journal Information:: JOM. Journal of the Minerals, Metals & Materials Society, Journal Name: JOM. Journal of the Minerals, Metals & Materials Society Journal Issue: 4 Vol. 74; ISSN 1047-4838

Publisher:: Springer Science + Business MediaCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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