Stabilizing the heavily-doped and metallic phase of MoS2 monolayers with surface functionalization
Abstract
Monolayer molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) is one of the most studied two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenides that is being investigated for various optoelectronic properties, such as catalysis, sensors, photovoltaics, and batteries. One such property that makes this material attractive is the ease in which 2D MoS2 can be converted between the semiconducting (2H) and metallic/semi-metallic (1T/1T') phases or heavily n-type doped 2H phase with ion intercalation, strain, or excess negative charge. Using n-butyl lithium (BuLi) immersion treatments, we achieve 2H MoS2 monolayers that are heavily n-type doped with shorter immersion times (10–120 mins) or conversion to the 1T/1T' phase with longer immersion times (6–24 h); however, these doped/converted monolayers are not stable and promptly revert back to the initial 2H phase upon exposure to air. To overcome this issue and maintain the modification of the monolayer MoS2 upon air exposure, we use BuLi treatments plus surface functionalization p-(CH3CH2)2NPh-MoS2 (Et2N-MoS2)—to maintain heavily n-type doped 2H phase or the 1T/1T' phase, which is preserved for over two weeks when on indium tin oxide or sapphire substrates. We also determine that the low sheet resistance and metallic-like properties correlate with the BuLi immersion times. These modified MoS2 materials are characterized with confocal Raman/photoluminescence, absorption,more »
- Authors:
-
[1];
[1];
[1];
[1];
[1]
- National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)
- City Univ. of New York (CUNY), NY (United States)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1841133
- Report Number(s):
- NREL/JA-5900-80010
Journal ID: ISSN 2053-1583; MainId:41215;UUID:f4bc7a45-591a-4058-831d-95ea9ab9d189;MainAdminID:63587
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC36-08GO28308
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- 2D Materials
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 9; Journal Issue: 1; Journal ID: ISSN 2053-1583
- Publisher:
- IOP Publishing
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 36 MATERIALS SCIENCE; 2D TMDC; solar-photochemistry
Citation Formats
Zhang, Hanyu, Koledin, Tamara D., Xiang, Wang, Hao, Ji, Nanayakkara, Sanjini U., Attanayake, Nuwan H., Li, Zhaodong, Mirkin, Michael V., and Miller, Elisa M. Stabilizing the heavily-doped and metallic phase of MoS2 monolayers with surface functionalization. United States: N. p., 2021.
Web. doi:10.1088/2053-1583/ac3f44.
Zhang, Hanyu, Koledin, Tamara D., Xiang, Wang, Hao, Ji, Nanayakkara, Sanjini U., Attanayake, Nuwan H., Li, Zhaodong, Mirkin, Michael V., & Miller, Elisa M. Stabilizing the heavily-doped and metallic phase of MoS2 monolayers with surface functionalization. United States. https://doi.org/10.1088/2053-1583/ac3f44
Zhang, Hanyu, Koledin, Tamara D., Xiang, Wang, Hao, Ji, Nanayakkara, Sanjini U., Attanayake, Nuwan H., Li, Zhaodong, Mirkin, Michael V., and Miller, Elisa M. Fri .
"Stabilizing the heavily-doped and metallic phase of MoS2 monolayers with surface functionalization". United States. https://doi.org/10.1088/2053-1583/ac3f44. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1841133.
@article{osti_1841133,
title = {Stabilizing the heavily-doped and metallic phase of MoS2 monolayers with surface functionalization},
author = {Zhang, Hanyu and Koledin, Tamara D. and Xiang, Wang and Hao, Ji and Nanayakkara, Sanjini U. and Attanayake, Nuwan H. and Li, Zhaodong and Mirkin, Michael V. and Miller, Elisa M.},
abstractNote = {Monolayer molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) is one of the most studied two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenides that is being investigated for various optoelectronic properties, such as catalysis, sensors, photovoltaics, and batteries. One such property that makes this material attractive is the ease in which 2D MoS2 can be converted between the semiconducting (2H) and metallic/semi-metallic (1T/1T') phases or heavily n-type doped 2H phase with ion intercalation, strain, or excess negative charge. Using n-butyl lithium (BuLi) immersion treatments, we achieve 2H MoS2 monolayers that are heavily n-type doped with shorter immersion times (10–120 mins) or conversion to the 1T/1T' phase with longer immersion times (6–24 h); however, these doped/converted monolayers are not stable and promptly revert back to the initial 2H phase upon exposure to air. To overcome this issue and maintain the modification of the monolayer MoS2 upon air exposure, we use BuLi treatments plus surface functionalization p-(CH3CH2)2NPh-MoS2 (Et2N-MoS2)—to maintain heavily n-type doped 2H phase or the 1T/1T' phase, which is preserved for over two weeks when on indium tin oxide or sapphire substrates. We also determine that the low sheet resistance and metallic-like properties correlate with the BuLi immersion times. These modified MoS2 materials are characterized with confocal Raman/photoluminescence, absorption, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy as well as scanning Kelvin probe microscopy, scanning electrochemical microscopy, and four-point probe sheet resistance measurements to quantify the differences in the monolayer optoelectronic properties. We will demonstrate chemical methodologies to control the modified monolayer MoS2 that likely extend to other 2D transition metal dichalcogenides, which will greatly expand the uses for these nanomaterials.},
doi = {10.1088/2053-1583/ac3f44},
journal = {2D Materials},
number = 1,
volume = 9,
place = {United States},
year = {Fri Dec 24 00:00:00 EST 2021},
month = {Fri Dec 24 00:00:00 EST 2021}
}
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