Patterned crystal growth and heat wave generation in hydrogels

Schroeder, Thomas B. H.; Aizenberg, Joanna

doi:10.1038/s41467-021-27505-z

Title: Patterned crystal growth and heat wave generation in hydrogels

Journal Article · 11 January 2022 · Nature Communications

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-27505-z · OSTI ID:1839330

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Abstract The crystallization of metastable liquid phase change materials releases stored energy as latent heat upon nucleation and may therefore provide a triggerable means of activating downstream processes that respond to changes in temperature. In this work, we describe a strategy for controlling the fast, exothermic crystallization of sodium acetate from a metastable aqueous solution into trihydrate crystals within a polyacrylamide hydrogel whose polymerization state has been patterned using photomasks. A comprehensive experimental study of crystal shapes, crystal growth front velocities and evolving thermal profiles showed that rapid growth of long needle-like crystals through unpolymerized solutions produced peak temperatures of up to 45˚C, while slower-crystallizing polymerized solutions produced polycrystalline composites and peaked at 30˚C due to lower rates of heat release relative to dissipation in these regions. This temperature difference in the propagating heat waves, which we describe using a proposed analytical model, enables the use of this strategy to selectively activate thermoresponsive processes in predefined areas.

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Research Organization:: Harvard Univ., Cambridge, MA (United States); Harvard University, Cambridge, MA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: Swiss National Science Foundation; US Army Research Office (ARO); USDOE; USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0005247

OSTI ID:: 1839330

Journal Information:: Nature Communications, Journal Name: Nature Communications Journal Issue: 1 Vol. 13; ISSN 2041-1723

Publisher:: Nature Publishing GroupCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United Kingdom

Language:: English

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Title: Patterned crystal growth and heat wave generation in hydrogels

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