DOE PAGES title logo U.S. Department of Energy
Office of Scientific and Technical Information

Title: Assessing the impact of human mobility to predict regional excess death in Ecuador

Journal Article · · Scientific Reports

Abstract COVID-19 outbreaks have had high mortality in low- and middle-income countries such as Ecuador. Human mobility is an important factor influencing the spread of diseases possibly leading to a high burden of disease at the country level. Drastic control measures, such as complete lockdown, are effective epidemic controls, yet in practice one hopes that a partial shutdown would suffice. It is an open problem to determine how much mobility can be allowed while controlling an outbreak. In this paper, we use statistical models to relate human mobility to the excess death in Ecuador while controlling for demographic factors. The mobility index provided by GRANDATA, based on mobile phone users, represents the change of number of out-of-home events with respect to a benchmark date (March 2nd, 2020). The study confirms the global trend that more men are dying than expected compared to women, and that people under 30 show less deaths than expected, particularly individuals younger than 20 with a death rate reduction between 22 and 27%. The weekly median mobility time series shows a sharp decrease in human mobility immediately after a national lockdown was declared on March 17, 2020 and a progressive increase towards the pre-lockdown level within two months. Relating median mobility to excess deaths shows a lag in its effect: first, a decrease in mobility in the previous two to three weeks decreases excess death and, more novel, we found an increase of mobility variability four weeks prior increases the number of excess deaths.

Research Organization:
Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE; USDOE Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) Program; USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)
Grant/Contract Number:
89233218CNA000001
OSTI ID:
1839114
Report Number(s):
LA-UR-21-21098; 370; PII: 3926
Journal Information:
Scientific Reports, Journal Name: Scientific Reports Journal Issue: 1 Vol. 12; ISSN 2045-2322
Publisher:
Nature Publishing GroupCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United Kingdom
Language:
English

References (26)

Mortality and Morbidity: The Measure of a Pandemic journal August 2020
Excess Deaths From COVID-19 and Other Causes, March-July 2020 journal October 2020
COVID-19 and Excess All-Cause Mortality in the US and 18 Comparison Countries journal November 2020
Estimation of Excess Deaths Associated With the COVID-19 Pandemic in the United States, March to May 2020 journal October 2020
Sex differential in COVID-19 mortality varies markedly by age journal August 2020
Linking excess mortality to mobility data during the first wave of COVID-19 in England and Wales journal June 2021
Measles outbreak risk in Pakistan: exploring the potential of combining vaccination coverage and incidence data with novel data-streams to strengthen control journal June 2018
Travelling waves in the occurrence of dengue haemorrhagic fever in Thailand journal January 2004
The use of mobile phone data to inform analysis of COVID-19 pandemic epidemiology journal September 2020
Lockdowns result in changes in human mobility which may impact the epidemiologic dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 journal March 2021
Impact of human mobility on the emergence of dengue epidemics in Pakistan journal September 2015
Excess mortality during the COVID-19 outbreak in Italy: a two-stage interrupted time-series analysis journal October 2020
Population mobility reductions associated with travel restrictions during the Ebola epidemic in Sierra Leone: use of mobile phone data journal June 2018
Connecting Mobility to Infectious Diseases: The Promise and Limits of Mobile Phone Data journal November 2016
Quantifying the Impact of Human Mobility on Malaria journal October 2012
Aggregated mobility data could help fight COVID-19 journal April 2020
Socioeconomic status determines COVID-19 incidence and related mortality in Santiago, Chile journal April 2021
Excess deaths reveal unequal impact of COVID-19 in Ecuador journal September 2021
Estimating the burden of the COVID-19 pandemic on mortality, life expectancy and lifespan inequality in England and Wales: a population-level analysis journal January 2021
Temporal dynamics in total excess mortality and COVID-19 deaths in Italian cities journal August 2020
Commentary: Containing the Ebola Outbreak - the Potential and Challenge of Mobile Network Data journal January 2014
Identifying Malaria Transmission Foci for Elimination Using Human Mobility Data journal April 2016
Prolonging herd immunity to cholera via vaccination: Accounting for human mobility and waning vaccine effects journal February 2018
Excess Deaths Associated with COVID-19, by Age and Race and Ethnicity — United States, January 26–October 3, 2020 journal October 2020
Travel and the Emergence of Infectious Diseases journal June 1995
High Contagiousness and Rapid Spread of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 journal July 2020