The Preservation of PPARγ Genome Duplicates in Some Teleost Lineages: Insights into Lipid Metabolism and Xenobiotic Exploitation

Páscoa, Inês; Fonseca, Elza; Ferraz, Renato; Machado, André M.; Conrado, Francisca; Ruivo, Raquel; Cunha, Isabel; Castro, Luís Filipe C.

doi:10.3390/genes13010107

Title: The Preservation of PPARγ Genome Duplicates in Some Teleost Lineages: Insights into Lipid Metabolism and Xenobiotic Exploitation

Journal Article · 04 January 2022 · Genes

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/genes13010107 · OSTI ID:1838567

Páscoa, Inês;

; Ferraz, Renato;

; Conrado, Francisca;

;

Three peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor paralogues (PPARα, -β and -γ) are currently recognized in vertebrate genomes. PPARγ is known to modulate nutrition, adipogenesis and immunity in vertebrates. Natural ligands of PPARγ have been proposed; however, the receptor also binds synthetic ligands such as endocrine disruptors. Two paralogues of PPARα and PPARβ have been documented in teleost species, a consequence of the 3R WGD. Recently, two PPARγ paralogue genes were also identified in Astyanax mexicanus. We aimed to determine whether the presence of two PPARγ paralogues is prevalent in other teleost genomes, through genomic and phylogenetic analysis. Our results showed that besides Characiformes, two PPARγ paralogous genes were also identified in other teleost taxa, coinciding with the teleost-specific, whole-genome duplication and with the retention of both genes prior to the separation of the Clupeocephala. To functionally characterize these genes, we used the European sardine (Sardina pilchardus) as a model. PPARγA and PPARγB display a different tissue distribution, despite the similarity of their functional profiles: they are unresponsive to tested fatty acids and other human PPARγ ligands yet yield a transcriptional response in the presence of tributyltin (TBT). This observation puts forward the relevance of comparative analysis to decipher alternative binding architectures and broadens the disruptive potential of man-made chemicals for aquatic species.

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Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Transportation Office. Fuel Cell Technologies Office

OSTI ID:: 1838567

Journal Information:: Genes, Journal Name: Genes Journal Issue: 1 Vol. 13; ISSN 2073-4425; ISSN GENEG9

Publisher:: MDPI AGCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: Switzerland

Language:: English

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