Hurricanes alter 10Be concentrations in tropical river sediment but do not change regional erosion rate estimates

Quock, Melinda; Schmidt, Amanda H.; Corbett, Lee B.; Bierman, Paul R.; Hidy, Alan J.; Caffee, Marc

doi:10.1002/esp.5310

Title: Hurricanes alter ¹⁰Be concentrations in tropical river sediment but do not change regional erosion rate estimates

Journal Article · 25 December 2021 · Earth Surface Processes and Landforms

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.5310 · OSTI ID:1837630

Quock, Melinda ^[1];

^[2]; Corbett, Lee B. ^[1]; Bierman, Paul R. ^[3]; Hidy, Alan J. ^[4]; Caffee, Marc ^[5]

Univ. of Vermont, Burlington, VT (United States)
Oberlin College, OH (United States)
Univ. of Vermont, Burlington, VT (United States). Gund Inst. for the Environment
Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States). Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry
Purdue Univ., West Lafayette, IN (United States). PRIME Lab.

Tropical islands, including many in island arcs, are subjected to recurring disturbances from extreme storms such as tropical cyclones. To test whether such storms influence cosmogenic nuclide concentrations such that they do not reflect long-term rates of erosion, we measured meteoric and in situ 10Be in river sediment samples from Dominica, an andesitic island in the Caribbean, before and after category five Hurricane Maria (2017). Populations of before- and after-storm concentrations are statistically indistinguishable (n=7 pairs for in situ ¹⁰Be, n=11 pairs for meteoric ¹⁰Be). ¹⁰Be concentrations vary from -138% to +73% within before-after sample pairs relative to the mean of the pair. These new data suggest that the effects of extreme storms on the depth and amount of near-surface erosion on Dominica vary spatially. Our data support calculations of Niemi, et al. (2005) and Yanites, et al. (2009) suggesting that basin-by-basin comparisons of erosion rates based on cosmogenic nuclides should be approached with caution in small (<~100 km²) watersheds affected by mass movements and extreme storms. Erosion rates determined from in situ 10Be in Dominica (geometric mean=0.102 mm y-1, n=12) are low compared to similarly steep and wet areas globally and correlate positively with the spatial density of mass movements.

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Research Organization:: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: National Science Foundation (NSF); USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC52-07NA27344

OSTI ID:: 1837630

Report Number(s):: LLNL-JRNL-778336; 972466

Journal Information:: Earth Surface Processes and Landforms, Journal Name: Earth Surface Processes and Landforms Journal Issue: 5 Vol. 47; ISSN 0197-9337

Publisher:: WileyCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Sample preparation and laboratory measurement values for fine-grain meteoric Beryllium 10 concentrations before and after Hurricane Maria in Dominica and the percent difference between the two time periods Quock, Melinda; Schmidt, Amanda H.; Corbett, Lee B. PANGAEA - Data Publisher for Earth & Environmental Science https://doi.org/10.1594/pangaea.910547	dataset	January 2019
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