Effect of excess Mg to control corrosion in molten MgCl2 and KCl eutectic salt mixture

Hanson, Kasey; Sankar, Krishna Moorthi; Weck, Philippe F.; Startt, Jacob K.; Dingreville, Remi; Deo, Chaitanya S.; Sugar, Joshua D.; Singh, Preet M.

doi:10.1016/j.corsci.2021.109914

Title: Effect of excess Mg to control corrosion in molten MgCl₂ and KCl eutectic salt mixture

Abstract

Structural alloys may experience corrosion when exposed to molten chloride salts due to selective dissolution of active alloying elements. One way to prevent this is to make the molten salt reducing. For the KCl + MgCl₂ eutectic salt mixture, pure Mg can be added to achieve this. However, Mg can form intermetallic compounds with nickel at high temperatures, which may cause alloy embrittlement. This work shows that an optimum level of excess Mg could be added to the molten salt which will prevent corrosion of alloys like 316 H, while not forming any detectable Ni-Mg intermetallic phases on Ni-rich alloy surfaces.

Authors:

Hanson, Kasey ^[1]; Sankar, Krishna Moorthi ^[1]; Weck, Philippe F. ^[2]; Startt, Jacob K. ^[3]; Dingreville, Remi ^[2]; Deo, Chaitanya S. ^[1]; Sugar, Joshua D. ^[4]; Singh, Preet M. ^[1]

Georgia Inst. of Technology, Atlanta, GA (United States)
Sandia National Lab. (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States)
Georgia Inst. of Technology, Atlanta, GA (United States); Sandia National Lab. (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States)
Sandia National Lab. (SNL-CA), Livermore, CA (United States)

Publication Date:: Wed Oct 27 00:00:00 EDT 2021

Research Org.:: Sandia National Lab. (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States); Sandia National Lab. (SNL-CA), Livermore, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES); USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)

OSTI Identifier:: 1834148

Report Number(s):: SAND-2021-14085J
Journal ID: ISSN 0010-938X; 701379

Grant/Contract Number:: NA0003525

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Corrosion Science

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 194; Journal ID: ISSN 0010-938X

Publisher:: Elsevier

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY; dealloying; DFT corrosion simulations; molten chloride salts; molten salt corrosion; molten salt reactors (MSR); selective dissolution

Citation Formats


                    Hanson, Kasey, Sankar, Krishna Moorthi, Weck, Philippe F., Startt, Jacob K., Dingreville, Remi, Deo, Chaitanya S., Sugar, Joshua D., and Singh, Preet M. Effect of excess Mg to control corrosion in molten MgCl2 and KCl eutectic salt mixture.  United States: N. p., 2021. 
Web.  doi:10.1016/j.corsci.2021.109914.

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                    Hanson, Kasey, Sankar, Krishna Moorthi, Weck, Philippe F., Startt, Jacob K., Dingreville, Remi, Deo, Chaitanya S., Sugar, Joshua D., & Singh, Preet M. Effect of excess Mg to control corrosion in molten MgCl2 and KCl eutectic salt mixture.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.corsci.2021.109914

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                    Hanson, Kasey, Sankar, Krishna Moorthi, Weck, Philippe F., Startt, Jacob K., Dingreville, Remi, Deo, Chaitanya S., Sugar, Joshua D., and Singh, Preet M. Wed .  
"Effect of excess Mg to control corrosion in molten MgCl2 and KCl eutectic salt mixture".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.corsci.2021.109914.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1834148.

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@article{osti_1834148,

  title        = {Effect of excess Mg to control corrosion in molten MgCl2 and KCl eutectic salt mixture},

  author       = {Hanson, Kasey and Sankar, Krishna Moorthi and Weck, Philippe F. and Startt, Jacob K. and Dingreville, Remi and Deo, Chaitanya S. and Sugar, Joshua D. and Singh, Preet M.},

  abstractNote = {Structural alloys may experience corrosion when exposed to molten chloride salts due to selective dissolution of active alloying elements. One way to prevent this is to make the molten salt reducing. For the KCl + MgCl2 eutectic salt mixture, pure Mg can be added to achieve this. However, Mg can form intermetallic compounds with nickel at high temperatures, which may cause alloy embrittlement. This work shows that an optimum level of excess Mg could be added to the molten salt which will prevent corrosion of alloys like 316 H, while not forming any detectable Ni-Mg intermetallic phases on Ni-rich alloy surfaces.},

  doi          = {10.1016/j.corsci.2021.109914},

  journal      = {Corrosion Science},

  number       = ,

  volume       = 194,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Wed Oct 27 00:00:00 EDT 2021},

  month        = {Wed Oct 27 00:00:00 EDT 2021}

}

Copy to clipboard

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Title: Effect of excess Mg to control corrosion in molten MgCl2 and KCl eutectic salt mixture

Abstract

Citation Formats

Shock compression of niobium from first-principles journal, June 2019

Generalized Gradient Approximation Made Simple journal, October 1996

Ni–Cr textured substrates with reduced ferromagnetism for coated conductor applications journal, May 2002

Experimental Test of Properties of KCl–MgCl2 Eutectic Molten Salt for Heat Transfer and Thermal Storage Fluid in Concentrated Solar Power Systems journal, May 2018

Projector augmented-wave method journal, December 1994

Fluoride-Salt-Cooled High-Temperature Reactor (FHR) for Power and Process Heat report, January 2015

Shock compression of strongly correlated oxides: A liquid-regime equation of state for cerium(IV) oxide journal, March 2018

Special points for Brillouin-zone integrations journal, June 1976

A critical thermodynamic assessment of the Mg–Ni, Ni–Y binary and Mg–Ni–Y ternary systems journal, September 2009

Reverse-martensitic hcp-to-fcc transformation in technetium under shock compression journal, July 2018

Efficient iterative schemes for ab initio total-energy calculations using a plane-wave basis set journal, October 1996

From ultrasoft pseudopotentials to the projector augmented-wave method journal, January 1999

Density functional theory for transition metals and transition metal chemistry journal, January 2009

Curie temperature of nickel journal, March 2011

Solar Energy Storage in Phase Change Materials: First-Principles Thermodynamic Modeling of Magnesium Chloride Hydrates journal, February 2014

Ab initio molecular-dynamics simulation of the liquid-metal–amorphous-semiconductor transition in germanium journal, May 1994

Modeling the Effect of Cathodic Protection on Superalloys Inside High Temperature Molten Salt Systems journal, January 2017

Assessment of Candidate Molten Salt Coolants for the NGNP/NHI Heat-Transfer Loop report, June 2006

Corrosion in the molten fluoride and chloride salts and materials development for nuclear applications journal, August 2018

Erratum: Atoms, molecules, solids, and surfaces: Applications of the generalized gradient approximation for exchange and correlation journal, August 1993

Atoms, molecules, solids, and surfaces: Applications of the generalized gradient approximation for exchange and correlation journal, September 1992

A high-throughput infrastructure for density functional theory calculations journal, June 2011

C O ∕ Pt ( 111 ) : GGA density functional study of site preference for adsorption journal, February 2008

Aggregation and data analysis of corrosion studies in molten chloride and fluoride salts journal, December 2018

Engineering Database of Liquid Salt Thermophysical and Thermochemical Properties report, March 2010

CO adsorbed on Cu(001): A comparison between local density approximation and Perdew, Burke, and Ernezerhof generalized gradient approximation journal, January 2001

Ab initiomolecular dynamics for liquid metals journal, January 1993

Hydrogen embrittlement of grain boundaries in nickel: an atomistic study journal, July 2017

Thermal Properties of the Inhomogeneous Electron Gas journal, March 1965

Adsorption on transition metal surfaces: Transferability and accuracy of DFT using the ADS41 dataset journal, July 2019

Molten chloride salts for next generation concentrated solar power plants: Mitigation strategies against corrosion of structural materials journal, May 2019

First-principles study of anhydrite, polyhalite and carnallite journal, February 2014

Redox potential control in molten salt systems for corrosion mitigation journal, November 2018

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Corrosion and Redox Potential Control of High Temperature Materials in Fluoride and Chloride Molten Salts journal, April 2016

Title: Effect of excess Mg to control corrosion in molten MgCl₂ and KCl eutectic salt mixture

Shock compression of niobium from first-principles
journal, June 2019

Generalized Gradient Approximation Made Simple
journal, October 1996

Ni–Cr textured substrates with reduced ferromagnetism for coated conductor applications
journal, May 2002

Experimental Test of Properties of KCl–MgCl2 Eutectic Molten Salt for Heat Transfer and Thermal Storage Fluid in Concentrated Solar Power Systems
journal, May 2018

Projector augmented-wave method
journal, December 1994

Fluoride-Salt-Cooled High-Temperature Reactor (FHR) for Power and Process Heat
report, January 2015

Shock compression of strongly correlated oxides: A liquid-regime equation of state for cerium(IV) oxide
journal, March 2018

Special points for Brillouin-zone integrations
journal, June 1976

A critical thermodynamic assessment of the Mg–Ni, Ni–Y binary and Mg–Ni–Y ternary systems
journal, September 2009

Reverse-martensitic hcp-to-fcc transformation in technetium under shock compression
journal, July 2018

Efficient iterative schemes for ab initio total-energy calculations using a plane-wave basis set
journal, October 1996

From ultrasoft pseudopotentials to the projector augmented-wave method
journal, January 1999

Density functional theory for transition metals and transition metal chemistry
journal, January 2009

Curie temperature of nickel
journal, March 2011

Solar Energy Storage in Phase Change Materials: First-Principles Thermodynamic Modeling of Magnesium Chloride Hydrates
journal, February 2014

Ab initio molecular-dynamics simulation of the liquid-metal–amorphous-semiconductor transition in germanium
journal, May 1994

Modeling the Effect of Cathodic Protection on Superalloys Inside High Temperature Molten Salt Systems
journal, January 2017

Assessment of Candidate Molten Salt Coolants for the NGNP/NHI Heat-Transfer Loop
report, June 2006

Corrosion in the molten fluoride and chloride salts and materials development for nuclear applications
journal, August 2018

Erratum: Atoms, molecules, solids, and surfaces: Applications of the generalized gradient approximation for exchange and correlation
journal, August 1993

Atoms, molecules, solids, and surfaces: Applications of the generalized gradient approximation for exchange and correlation
journal, September 1992

A high-throughput infrastructure for density functional theory calculations
journal, June 2011

$C O ∕ Pt (111)$ : GGA density functional study of site preference for adsorption
journal, February 2008

Aggregation and data analysis of corrosion studies in molten chloride and fluoride salts
journal, December 2018

Engineering Database of Liquid Salt Thermophysical and Thermochemical Properties
report, March 2010

CO adsorbed on Cu(001): A comparison between local density approximation and Perdew, Burke, and Ernezerhof generalized gradient approximation
journal, January 2001

Ab initiomolecular dynamics for liquid metals
journal, January 1993

Hydrogen embrittlement of grain boundaries in nickel: an atomistic study
journal, July 2017

Thermal Properties of the Inhomogeneous Electron Gas
journal, March 1965

Adsorption on transition metal surfaces: Transferability and accuracy of DFT using the ADS41 dataset
journal, July 2019

Molten chloride salts for next generation concentrated solar power plants: Mitigation strategies against corrosion of structural materials
journal, May 2019

First-principles study of anhydrite, polyhalite and carnallite
journal, February 2014

Redox potential control in molten salt systems for corrosion mitigation
journal, November 2018

Magnetic properties of NiCr alloys
journal, February 1972

A new phase MgNi3 synthesized by mechanical alloying
journal, January 2008

Effect of Li metal addition on corrosion control of Hastelloy N and stainless steel 316H in molten LiF-NaF-KF
journal, November 2021

Corrosion and Redox Potential Control of High Temperature Materials in Fluoride and Chloride Molten Salts
journal, April 2016