Electron-beam energy reconstruction for neutrino oscillation measurements

Khachatryan, M.; Papadopoulou, A.; Ashkenazi, A.; Hauenstein, F.; Nambrath, A.; Hrnjic, A.; Weinstein, L. B.; Hen, O.; Piasetzky, E.; Betancourt, M.; Dytman, S.; Mahn, K.; Coloma, P.; Adhikari, S.; Amaryan, M. J.; Angelini, Giovanni; Atac, H.; Barion, L.; Battaglieri, M.; Bedlinskiy, I.; Beck, A.; Benmokhtar, F.; Bianconi, A.; Biselli, A. S.; Bossu, F.; Boiarinov, S.; Briscoe, W. J.; Brooks, W. K.; Bulumulla, D.; Burkert, V. D.; Carman, D. S.; Carvajal, J. C.; Celentano, A.; Chatagnon, P.; Chesnokov, V.; Chetry, T.; Ciullo, G.; Clark, L.; Clary, B. A.; Cohen, E. O.; Cole, P. L.; Contalbrigo, M.; Crede, V.; Cruz-Torres, R.; D’Angelo, A.; Dashyan, N.; De Vita, R.; Defurne, M.; Denniston, A.; Deur, A.; Diehl, S.; Djalali, C.; Duer, M.; Dupre, R.; Egiyan, H.; Ehrhart, M.; El Alaoui, A.; El Fassi, L.; Elouadrhiri, L.; Eugenio, P.; Fersch, R.; Filippi, A.; Forest, T. A.; Gavalian, G.; Gilfoyle, G. P.; Giovanetti, K. L.; Girod, F. X.; Glazier, D. I.; Golovatch, E.; Gothe, R. W.; Griffioen, K. A.; Guidal, M.; Guo, L.; Hakobyan, H.; Hattawy, M.; Hayward, T. B.; Heddle, D.; Hicks, K.; Hobart, A.; Holtrop, M.; Ilieva, Y.; Ireland, D. G.; Ishkhanov, B. S.; Isupov, E. L.; Jo, H. S.; Joo, K.; Keller, D.; Khanal, A.; Khandaker, M.; Kim, C. W.; Kim, W.; Korover, I.; Kubarovsky, V.; Kuhn, S. E.; Lanza, L.; Leali, M.; Lenisa, P.; Livingston, K.; MacGregor, I. D.; Marchand, D.; Markov, N.; Marsicano, L.; Mascagna, V.; McKinnon, B.; May-Tal Beck, S.; Mineeva, T.; Mirazita, M.; Mokeev, V.; Movsisyan, A.; Munoz Camacho, C.; Nadel-Turonski, P.; Neupane, K.; Niccolai, S.; Niculescu, G.; Osipenko, M.; Ostrovidov, A. I.; Paolone, M.; Pappalardo, L. L.; Paremuzyan, R.; Park, K.; Pasyuk, E.; Pogorelko, O.; Poudel, J.; Prok, Y.; Protopopescu, D.; Pybus, J.; Ripani, M.; Raue, B.; Ritman, J.; Rizzo, A.; Rosner, G.; Rossi, P.; Sabati, F.; Salgado, C.; Schmidt, A.; Schumacher, R. A.; Segarra, E. P.; Sharabian, Y. G.; Shrestha, U.; Skorodumina, Iu; Sokhan, D.; Soto, O.; Sparveris, N.; Stepanyan, S.; Strakovsky, I. I.; Strauch, S.; Tyler, N.; Tyson, R.; Ungaro, M.; Venturelli, L.; Voskanyan, H.; Voutier, E.; Watts, D.; Wei, X.; Wood, M. H.; Zachariou, N.; Zhang, J.; Zhao, Z. W.; Dolan, S.; Megias, G. D.; Gardiner, S.

doi:10.1038/s41586-021-04046-5

Title: Electron-beam energy reconstruction for neutrino oscillation measurements

Abstract

Neutrinos exist in one of three types or ‘flavours’—electron, muon and tau neutrinos—and oscillate from one flavour to another when propagating through space. This phenomena is one of the few that cannot be described using the standard model of particle physics (reviewed in ref. 1), and so its experimental study can provide new insight into the nature of our Universe (reviewed in ref. 2). Neutrinos oscillate as a function of their propagation distance (L) divided by their energy (E). Therefore, experiments extract oscillation parameters by measuring their energy distribution at different locations. As accelerator-based oscillation experiments cannot directly measure E, the interpretation of these experiments relies heavily on phenomenological models of neutrino–nucleus interactions to infer E. Here we exploit the similarity of electron–nucleus and neutrino–nucleus interactions, and use electron scattering data with known beam energies to test energy reconstruction methods and interaction models. We find that even in simple interactions where no pions are detected, only a small fraction of events reconstruct to the correct incident energy. More importantly, widely used interaction models reproduce the reconstructed energy distribution only qualitatively and the quality of the reproduction varies strongly with beam energy. Finally, this shows both the need and the pathwaymore »« less

Authors:

Khachatryan, M.; Papadopoulou, A.; Ashkenazi, A.; Hauenstein, F.; Nambrath, A.; Hrnjic, A.; Weinstein, L. B.;

; Piasetzky, E.; Betancourt, M.; Dytman, S.; Mahn, K.; Coloma, P.; Adhikari, S.; Amaryan, M. J.; Angelini, Giovanni;

; Barion, L.; Battaglieri, M.; Bedlinskiy, I. more »

Publication Date:: 2021-11-24

Research Org.:: Michigan State Univ., East Lansing, MI (United States); Old Dominion Univ., Norfolk, VA (United States); Mississippi State Univ., Mississippi State, MS (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Nuclear Physics (NP); National Science Foundation (NSF); Israel Science Foundation

Contributing Org.:: CLAS Collaboration; e4ν Collaboration

OSTI Identifier:: 1833559

Alternate Identifier(s):: OSTI ID: 1863586; OSTI ID: 1882226

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0015903; AC02-07CH11359; AC05-06OR23177; FG02-96ER40960; FG02-07ER41528

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Nature (London)

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Name: Nature (London); Journal Volume: 599; Journal Issue: 7886; Journal ID: ISSN 0028-0836

Publisher:: Nature Publishing Group

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS; Experimental nuclear physics; Experimental particle physics

Citation Formats


                    Khachatryan, M., Papadopoulou, A., Ashkenazi, A., Hauenstein, F., Nambrath, A., Hrnjic, A., Weinstein, L. B., Hen, O., Piasetzky, E., Betancourt, M., Dytman, S., Mahn, K., Coloma, P., Adhikari, S., Amaryan, M. J., Angelini, Giovanni, Atac, H., Barion, L., Battaglieri, M., Bedlinskiy, I., Beck, A., Benmokhtar, F., Bianconi, A., Biselli, A. S., Bossu, F., Boiarinov, S., Briscoe, W. J., Brooks, W. K., Bulumulla, D., Burkert, V. D., Carman, D. S., Carvajal, J. C., Celentano, A., Chatagnon, P., Chesnokov, V., Chetry, T., Ciullo, G., Clark, L., Clary, B. A., Cohen, E. O., Cole, P. L., Contalbrigo, M., Crede, V., Cruz-Torres, R., D’Angelo, A., Dashyan, N., De Vita, R., Defurne, M., Denniston, A., Deur, A., Diehl, S., Djalali, C., Duer, M., Dupre, R., Egiyan, H., Ehrhart, M., El Alaoui, A., El Fassi, L., Elouadrhiri, L., Eugenio, P., Fersch, R., Filippi, A., Forest, T. A., Gavalian, G., Gilfoyle, G. P., Giovanetti, K. L., Girod, F. X., Glazier, D. I., Golovatch, E., Gothe, R. W., Griffioen, K. A., Guidal, M., Guo, L., Hakobyan, H., Hattawy, M., Hayward, T. B., Heddle, D., Hicks, K., Hobart, A., Holtrop, M., Ilieva, Y., Ireland, D. G., Ishkhanov, B. S., Isupov, E. L., Jo, H. S., Joo, K., Keller, D., Khanal, A., Khandaker, M., Kim, C. W., Kim, W., Korover, I., Kubarovsky, V., Kuhn, S. E., Lanza, L., Leali, M., Lenisa, P., Livingston, K., MacGregor, I. D., Marchand, D., Markov, N., Marsicano, L., Mascagna, V., McKinnon, B., May-Tal Beck, S., Mineeva, T., Mirazita, M., Mokeev, V., Movsisyan, A., Munoz Camacho, C., Nadel-Turonski, P., Neupane, K., Niccolai, S., Niculescu, G., Osipenko, M., Ostrovidov, A. I., Paolone, M., Pappalardo, L. L., Paremuzyan, R., Park, K., Pasyuk, E., Pogorelko, O., Poudel, J., Prok, Y., Protopopescu, D., Pybus, J., Ripani, M., Raue, B., Ritman, J., Rizzo, A., Rosner, G., Rossi, P., Sabati, F., Salgado, C., Schmidt, A., Schumacher, R. A., Segarra, E. P., Sharabian, Y. G., Shrestha, U., Skorodumina, Iu, Sokhan, D., Soto, O., Sparveris, N., Stepanyan, S., Strakovsky, I. I., Strauch, S., Tyler, N., Tyson, R., Ungaro, M., Venturelli, L., Voskanyan, H., Voutier, E., Watts, D., Wei, X., Wood, M. H., Zachariou, N., Zhang, J., Zhao, Z. W., Dolan, S., Megias, G. D., and Gardiner, S. Electron-beam energy reconstruction for neutrino oscillation measurements.  United States: N. p., 2021. 
Web.  doi:10.1038/s41586-021-04046-5.

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                    Khachatryan, M., Papadopoulou, A., Ashkenazi, A., Hauenstein, F., Nambrath, A., Hrnjic, A., Weinstein, L. B., Hen, O., Piasetzky, E., Betancourt, M., Dytman, S., Mahn, K., Coloma, P., Adhikari, S., Amaryan, M. J., Angelini, Giovanni, Atac, H., Barion, L., Battaglieri, M., Bedlinskiy, I., Beck, A., Benmokhtar, F., Bianconi, A., Biselli, A. S., Bossu, F., Boiarinov, S., Briscoe, W. J., Brooks, W. K., Bulumulla, D., Burkert, V. D., Carman, D. S., Carvajal, J. C., Celentano, A., Chatagnon, P., Chesnokov, V., Chetry, T., Ciullo, G., Clark, L., Clary, B. A., Cohen, E. O., Cole, P. L., Contalbrigo, M., Crede, V., Cruz-Torres, R., D’Angelo, A., Dashyan, N., De Vita, R., Defurne, M., Denniston, A., Deur, A., Diehl, S., Djalali, C., Duer, M., Dupre, R., Egiyan, H., Ehrhart, M., El Alaoui, A., El Fassi, L., Elouadrhiri, L., Eugenio, P., Fersch, R., Filippi, A., Forest, T. A., Gavalian, G., Gilfoyle, G. P., Giovanetti, K. L., Girod, F. X., Glazier, D. I., Golovatch, E., Gothe, R. W., Griffioen, K. A., Guidal, M., Guo, L., Hakobyan, H., Hattawy, M., Hayward, T. B., Heddle, D., Hicks, K., Hobart, A., Holtrop, M., Ilieva, Y., Ireland, D. G., Ishkhanov, B. S., Isupov, E. L., Jo, H. S., Joo, K., Keller, D., Khanal, A., Khandaker, M., Kim, C. W., Kim, W., Korover, I., Kubarovsky, V., Kuhn, S. E., Lanza, L., Leali, M., Lenisa, P., Livingston, K., MacGregor, I. D., Marchand, D., Markov, N., Marsicano, L., Mascagna, V., McKinnon, B., May-Tal Beck, S., Mineeva, T., Mirazita, M., Mokeev, V., Movsisyan, A., Munoz Camacho, C., Nadel-Turonski, P., Neupane, K., Niccolai, S., Niculescu, G., Osipenko, M., Ostrovidov, A. I., Paolone, M., Pappalardo, L. L., Paremuzyan, R., Park, K., Pasyuk, E., Pogorelko, O., Poudel, J., Prok, Y., Protopopescu, D., Pybus, J., Ripani, M., Raue, B., Ritman, J., Rizzo, A., Rosner, G., Rossi, P., Sabati, F., Salgado, C., Schmidt, A., Schumacher, R. A., Segarra, E. P., Sharabian, Y. G., Shrestha, U., Skorodumina, Iu, Sokhan, D., Soto, O., Sparveris, N., Stepanyan, S., Strakovsky, I. I., Strauch, S., Tyler, N., Tyson, R., Ungaro, M., Venturelli, L., Voskanyan, H., Voutier, E., Watts, D., Wei, X., Wood, M. H., Zachariou, N., Zhang, J., Zhao, Z. W., Dolan, S., Megias, G. D., & Gardiner, S. Electron-beam energy reconstruction for neutrino oscillation measurements.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-04046-5

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                    Khachatryan, M., Papadopoulou, A., Ashkenazi, A., Hauenstein, F., Nambrath, A., Hrnjic, A., Weinstein, L. B., Hen, O., Piasetzky, E., Betancourt, M., Dytman, S., Mahn, K., Coloma, P., Adhikari, S., Amaryan, M. J., Angelini, Giovanni, Atac, H., Barion, L., Battaglieri, M., Bedlinskiy, I., Beck, A., Benmokhtar, F., Bianconi, A., Biselli, A. S., Bossu, F., Boiarinov, S., Briscoe, W. J., Brooks, W. K., Bulumulla, D., Burkert, V. D., Carman, D. S., Carvajal, J. C., Celentano, A., Chatagnon, P., Chesnokov, V., Chetry, T., Ciullo, G., Clark, L., Clary, B. A., Cohen, E. O., Cole, P. L., Contalbrigo, M., Crede, V., Cruz-Torres, R., D’Angelo, A., Dashyan, N., De Vita, R., Defurne, M., Denniston, A., Deur, A., Diehl, S., Djalali, C., Duer, M., Dupre, R., Egiyan, H., Ehrhart, M., El Alaoui, A., El Fassi, L., Elouadrhiri, L., Eugenio, P., Fersch, R., Filippi, A., Forest, T. A., Gavalian, G., Gilfoyle, G. P., Giovanetti, K. L., Girod, F. X., Glazier, D. I., Golovatch, E., Gothe, R. W., Griffioen, K. A., Guidal, M., Guo, L., Hakobyan, H., Hattawy, M., Hayward, T. B., Heddle, D., Hicks, K., Hobart, A., Holtrop, M., Ilieva, Y., Ireland, D. G., Ishkhanov, B. S., Isupov, E. L., Jo, H. S., Joo, K., Keller, D., Khanal, A., Khandaker, M., Kim, C. W., Kim, W., Korover, I., Kubarovsky, V., Kuhn, S. E., Lanza, L., Leali, M., Lenisa, P., Livingston, K., MacGregor, I. D., Marchand, D., Markov, N., Marsicano, L., Mascagna, V., McKinnon, B., May-Tal Beck, S., Mineeva, T., Mirazita, M., Mokeev, V., Movsisyan, A., Munoz Camacho, C., Nadel-Turonski, P., Neupane, K., Niccolai, S., Niculescu, G., Osipenko, M., Ostrovidov, A. I., Paolone, M., Pappalardo, L. L., Paremuzyan, R., Park, K., Pasyuk, E., Pogorelko, O., Poudel, J., Prok, Y., Protopopescu, D., Pybus, J., Ripani, M., Raue, B., Ritman, J., Rizzo, A., Rosner, G., Rossi, P., Sabati, F., Salgado, C., Schmidt, A., Schumacher, R. A., Segarra, E. P., Sharabian, Y. G., Shrestha, U., Skorodumina, Iu, Sokhan, D., Soto, O., Sparveris, N., Stepanyan, S., Strakovsky, I. I., Strauch, S., Tyler, N., Tyson, R., Ungaro, M., Venturelli, L., Voskanyan, H., Voutier, E., Watts, D., Wei, X., Wood, M. H., Zachariou, N., Zhang, J., Zhao, Z. W., Dolan, S., Megias, G. D., and Gardiner, S. Wed .  
"Electron-beam energy reconstruction for neutrino oscillation measurements".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-04046-5.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1833559.

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@article{osti_1833559,

  title        = {Electron-beam energy reconstruction for neutrino oscillation measurements},

  author       = {Khachatryan, M. and Papadopoulou, A. and Ashkenazi, A. and Hauenstein, F. and Nambrath, A. and Hrnjic, A. and Weinstein, L. B. and Hen, O. and Piasetzky, E. and Betancourt, M. and Dytman, S. and Mahn, K. and Coloma, P. and Adhikari, S. and Amaryan, M. J. and Angelini, Giovanni and Atac, H. and Barion, L. and Battaglieri, M. and Bedlinskiy, I. and Beck, A. and Benmokhtar, F. and Bianconi, A. and Biselli, A. S. and Bossu, F. and Boiarinov, S. and Briscoe, W. J. and Brooks, W. K. and Bulumulla, D. and Burkert, V. D. and Carman, D. S. and Carvajal, J. C. and Celentano, A. and Chatagnon, P. and Chesnokov, V. and Chetry, T. and Ciullo, G. and Clark, L. and Clary, B. A. and Cohen, E. O. and Cole, P. L. and Contalbrigo, M. and Crede, V. and Cruz-Torres, R. and D’Angelo, A. and Dashyan, N. and De Vita, R. and Defurne, M. and Denniston, A. and Deur, A. and Diehl, S. and Djalali, C. and Duer, M. and Dupre, R. and Egiyan, H. and Ehrhart, M. and El Alaoui, A. and El Fassi, L. and Elouadrhiri, L. and Eugenio, P. and Fersch, R. and Filippi, A. and Forest, T. A. and Gavalian, G. and Gilfoyle, G. P. and Giovanetti, K. L. and Girod, F. X. and Glazier, D. I. and Golovatch, E. and Gothe, R. W. and Griffioen, K. A. and Guidal, M. and Guo, L. and Hakobyan, H. and Hattawy, M. and Hayward, T. B. and Heddle, D. and Hicks, K. and Hobart, A. and Holtrop, M. and Ilieva, Y. and Ireland, D. G. and Ishkhanov, B. S. and Isupov, E. L. and Jo, H. S. and Joo, K. and Keller, D. and Khanal, A. and Khandaker, M. and Kim, C. W. and Kim, W. and Korover, I. and Kubarovsky, V. and Kuhn, S. E. and Lanza, L. and Leali, M. and Lenisa, P. and Livingston, K. and MacGregor, I. D. and Marchand, D. and Markov, N. and Marsicano, L. and Mascagna, V. and McKinnon, B. and May-Tal Beck, S. and Mineeva, T. and Mirazita, M. and Mokeev, V. and Movsisyan, A. and Munoz Camacho, C. and Nadel-Turonski, P. and Neupane, K. and Niccolai, S. and Niculescu, G. and Osipenko, M. and Ostrovidov, A. I. and Paolone, M. and Pappalardo, L. L. and Paremuzyan, R. and Park, K. and Pasyuk, E. and Pogorelko, O. and Poudel, J. and Prok, Y. and Protopopescu, D. and Pybus, J. and Ripani, M. and Raue, B. and Ritman, J. and Rizzo, A. and Rosner, G. and Rossi, P. and Sabati, F. and Salgado, C. and Schmidt, A. and Schumacher, R. A. and Segarra, E. P. and Sharabian, Y. G. and Shrestha, U. and Skorodumina, Iu and Sokhan, D. and Soto, O. and Sparveris, N. and Stepanyan, S. and Strakovsky, I. I. and Strauch, S. and Tyler, N. and Tyson, R. and Ungaro, M. and Venturelli, L. and Voskanyan, H. and Voutier, E. and Watts, D. and Wei, X. and Wood, M. H. and Zachariou, N. and Zhang, J. and Zhao, Z. W. and Dolan, S. and Megias, G. D. and Gardiner, S.},

  abstractNote = {Neutrinos exist in one of three types or ‘flavours’—electron, muon and tau neutrinos—and oscillate from one flavour to another when propagating through space. This phenomena is one of the few that cannot be described using the standard model of particle physics (reviewed in ref. 1), and so its experimental study can provide new insight into the nature of our Universe (reviewed in ref. 2). Neutrinos oscillate as a function of their propagation distance (L) divided by their energy (E). Therefore, experiments extract oscillation parameters by measuring their energy distribution at different locations. As accelerator-based oscillation experiments cannot directly measure E, the interpretation of these experiments relies heavily on phenomenological models of neutrino–nucleus interactions to infer E. Here we exploit the similarity of electron–nucleus and neutrino–nucleus interactions, and use electron scattering data with known beam energies to test energy reconstruction methods and interaction models. We find that even in simple interactions where no pions are detected, only a small fraction of events reconstruct to the correct incident energy. More importantly, widely used interaction models reproduce the reconstructed energy distribution only qualitatively and the quality of the reproduction varies strongly with beam energy. Finally, this shows both the need and the pathway to improve current models to meet the requirements of next-generation, high-precision experiments such as Hyper-Kamiokande (Japan)3 and DUNE (USA)4.},

  doi          = {10.1038/s41586-021-04046-5},

  journal      = {Nature (London)},

  number       = 7886,

  volume       = 599,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {2021},

  month        = {11}

}

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Title: Electron-beam energy reconstruction for neutrino oscillation measurements

Abstract

Citation Formats

Assessing the accuracy of the GENIE event generator with electron-scattering data journal, September 2020

Design, calibration, and performance of the MINERvA detector journal, April 2014

NuSTEC 1 1Neutrino Scattering Theory Experiment Collaboration http://nustec.fnal.gov. White Paper: Status and challenges of neutrino–nucleus scattering journal, May 2018

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Search for C P Violation in Neutrino and Antineutrino Oscillations by the T2K Experiment with 2.2 × 10 21 Protons on Target journal, October 2018

Final State Interactions in GENIE conference, January 2011

Barygenesis without grand unification journal, June 1986

Implementation of the SuSAv2-meson exchange current 1p1h and 2p2h models in GENIE and analysis of nuclear effects in T2K measurements journal, February 2020

Measurement of Final-State Correlations in Neutrino Muon-Proton Mesonless Production on Hydrocarbon at ⟨ E ν ⟩ = 3 GeV journal, July 2018

Measurement of nuclear effects in neutrino interactions with minimal dependence on neutrino energy journal, July 2016

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Observation of nuclear scaling in the A ( e , e ′ ) reaction at x B > 1 journal, July 2003

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New constraints on oscillation parameters from ν e appearance and ν μ disappearance in the NOvA experiment journal, August 2018

Inclusive electron scattering within the SuSAv2 meson-exchange current approach journal, July 2016

A hadronization model for few-GeV neutrino interactions journal, August 2009

Missing energy and the measurement of the C P -violating phase in neutrino oscillations journal, November 2015

Current Matrix Elements from a Relativistic Quark Model journal, June 1971

Design and construction of the MicroBooNE detector journal, February 2017

Proton Source Size Measurements in the e A → e ′ p p X Reaction journal, November 2004

Radiative Corrections to Elastic and Inelastic ep and up Scattering journal, January 1969

Neutrino–nucleus cross sections for oscillation experiments journal, December 2017

Analytic approximations for three neutrino oscillation parameters and probabilities in matter journal, July 2001

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Improved constraints on neutrino mixing from the T2K experiment with 3.13 × 10 21 protons on target journal, June 2021

Theory of neutrinos: a white paper journal, October 2007

Inclusive electron scattering and the genie neutrino event generator journal, June 2021

The GENIE neutrino Monte Carlo generator journal, February 2010

Direct Measurement of Nuclear Dependence of Charged Current Quasielasticlike Neutrino Interactions Using MINERvA journal, August 2017

Characterization of nuclear effects in muon-neutrino scattering on hydrocarbon with a measurement of final-state kinematics and correlations in charged-current pionless interactions at T2K journal, August 2018

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Higher twist, w scaling, and effective LO PDFs for lepton scattering in the few GeV region journal, July 2003

Meson exchange current (MEC) models in neutrino interaction generators conference, January 2015

Momentum sharing in imbalanced Fermi systems journal, October 2014

Lepton mass effects in single pion production by neutrinos journal, December 2007

Constraints on the Neutrino Flux in NOvA using the Near Detector Data conference, April 2017

Assessing the accuracy of the GENIE event generator with electron-scattering data
journal, September 2020

Design, calibration, and performance of the MINERvA detector
journal, April 2014

NuSTEC 1 1Neutrino Scattering Theory Experiment Collaboration http://nustec.fnal.gov. White Paper: Status and challenges of neutrino–nucleus scattering
journal, May 2018

The CEBAF large acceptance spectrometer (CLAS)
journal, May 2003

Unified Description of Electron-Nucleus Scattering within the Spectral Function Formalism
journal, May 2016

The 2p–2h electromagnetic response in the quasielastic peak and beyond
journal, October 2003

Neutrino-nucleon cross-section model tuning in GENIE v3
journal, October 2021

Electroexcitation of the Δ (1232) in nuclei
journal, March 1989

CEM03 and LAQGSM03—new modeling tools for nuclear applications
journal, May 2006

PYTHIA 6.4 physics and manual
journal, May 2006

Survey of asymmetries in semi-exclusive electron scattering on 4He and 12C
journal, February 2005

Neutrino masses and mixing: evidence and implications
journal, March 2003

Two-Nucleon Momentum Distributions Measured in ${}^{3}{H e} (e, e^{'} p p) n$
journal, February 2004

Measurement of the muon neutrino charged-current single $π^{+}$ production on hydrocarbon using the T2K off-axis near detector ND280
journal, January 2020

Measurement of the nucleon structure function in the nuclear medium and evaluation of its moments
journal, November 2010

Neutrino flux predictions for the NuMI beam
journal, November 2016

Erratum to “Golden measurements at a neutrino factory”
journal, January 2001

Extensions of superscaling from relativistic mean field theory: The SuSAv2 model
journal, September 2014

Measurement of Two- and Three-Nucleon Short-Range Correlation Probabilities in Nuclei
journal, March 2006

Search for $C P$ Violation in Neutrino and Antineutrino Oscillations by the T2K Experiment with $2.2 \times 10^{21}$ Protons on Target
journal, October 2018

Final State Interactions in GENIE
conference, January 2011

Barygenesis without grand unification
journal, June 1986

Implementation of the SuSAv2-meson exchange current 1p1h and 2p2h models in GENIE and analysis of nuclear effects in T2K measurements
journal, February 2020

Measurement of Final-State Correlations in Neutrino Muon-Proton Mesonless Production on Hydrocarbon at $⟨ E_{ν} ⟩ = 3 GeV$
journal, July 2018

Measurement of nuclear effects in neutrino interactions with minimal dependence on neutrino energy
journal, July 2016

Ab initio Calculations of Lepton-Nucleus Scattering
journal, April 2020

Observation of nuclear scaling in the ${A (e, e}^{'})$ reaction at $x_{B} > 1$
journal, July 2003

Constraint on the matter–antimatter symmetry-violating phase in neutrino oscillations
journal, April 2020

New constraints on oscillation parameters from $ν_{e}$ appearance and $ν_{μ}$ disappearance in the NOvA experiment
journal, August 2018

Inclusive electron scattering within the SuSAv2 meson-exchange current approach
journal, July 2016

A hadronization model for few-GeV neutrino interactions
journal, August 2009

Missing energy and the measurement of the $C P$ -violating phase in neutrino oscillations
journal, November 2015

Current Matrix Elements from a Relativistic Quark Model
journal, June 1971

Design and construction of the MicroBooNE detector
journal, February 2017

Proton Source Size Measurements in the $e A \to e^{'} p p X$ Reaction
journal, November 2004

Radiative Corrections to Elastic and Inelastic $ep$ and $up$ Scattering
journal, January 1969

Neutrino–nucleus cross sections for oscillation experiments
journal, December 2017

Analytic approximations for three neutrino oscillation parameters and probabilities in matter
journal, July 2001

Exclusive $π^{0} p$ electroproduction off protons in the resonance region at photon virtualities $0.4 {GeV}^{2} \leq Q^{2} \leq 1 {GeV}^{2}$
journal, January 2020

Improved constraints on neutrino mixing from the T2K experiment with $3.13 \times 10^{21}$ protons on target
journal, June 2021

Theory of neutrinos: a white paper
journal, October 2007

Inclusive electron scattering and the genie neutrino event generator
journal, June 2021

The GENIE neutrino Monte Carlo generator
journal, February 2010

Direct Measurement of Nuclear Dependence of Charged Current Quasielasticlike Neutrino Interactions Using MINERvA
journal, August 2017

Characterization of nuclear effects in muon-neutrino scattering on hydrocarbon with a measurement of final-state kinematics and correlations in charged-current pionless interactions at T2K
journal, August 2018

Golden measurements at a neutrino factory
journal, July 2000

Higher twist, _w scaling, and effective LO PDFs for lepton scattering in the few GeV region
journal, July 2003

Meson exchange current (MEC) models in neutrino interaction generators
conference, January 2015

Momentum sharing in imbalanced Fermi systems
journal, October 2014

Lepton mass effects in single pion production by neutrinos
journal, December 2007

Constraints on the Neutrino Flux in NOvA using the Near Detector Data
conference, April 2017