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Title: In-Home Mobility Frequency and Stability in Older Adults Living Alone With or Without MCI: Introduction of New Metrics

Abstract

Background: Older adults spend a considerable amount of time inside their residences; however, most research investigates out-of-home mobility and its health correlates. We measured indoor mobility using room-to-room transitions, tested their psychometric properties, and correlated indoor mobility with cognitive and functional status. Materials and Methods: Community-dwelling older adults living alone ( n = 139; age = 78.1 ± 8.6 years) from the Oregon Center for Aging & Technology (ORCATECH) and Minority Aging Research Study (MARS) were included in the study. Two indoor mobility features were developed using non-parametric parameters (frequency; stability): Indoor mobility frequency (room-to-room transitions/day) was detected using passive infrared (PIR) motion sensors fixed on the walls in four geographic locations (bathroom; bedroom; kitchen; living room) and using door contact sensors attached to the egress door in the entrance. Indoor mobility stability was estimated by variances of number of room-to-room transitions over a week. Test-retest reliability (Intra-class coefficient, ICC) and the minimal clinically important difference (MCID) defined as the standard error of measurement (SEM) were generated. Generalized estimating equations models related mobility features with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and functional status (gait speed). Results: An average of 206 days (±127) of sensor data were analyzed per individual. Indoor mobilitymore » frequency and stability showed good to excellent test-retest reliability (ICCs = 0.91[0.88–0.94]; 0.59[0.48–0.70]). The MCIDs of mobility frequency and mobility stability were 18 and 0.09, respectively. On average, a higher indoor mobility frequency was associated with faster gait speed (β = 0.53, p = 0.04), suggesting an increase of 5.3 room-to-room transitions per day was associated with an increase of 10 cm/s gait speed. A decrease in mobility stability was associated with MCI (β = −0.04, p = 0.03). Discussion: Mobility frequency and stability in the home are clinically meaningful and reliable features. Pervasive-sensing systems deployed in homes can objectively reveal cognitive and functional status in older adults who live alone.« less

Authors:
; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ;
Publication Date:
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE
OSTI Identifier:
1827438
Grant/Contract Number:  
Hartford Gerontological Center Interprofessional Award
Resource Type:
Published Article
Journal Name:
Frontiers in Digital Health
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Name: Frontiers in Digital Health Journal Volume: 3; Journal ID: ISSN 2673-253X
Publisher:
Frontiers Media SA
Country of Publication:
Switzerland
Language:
English

Citation Formats

Wu, Chao-Yi, Dodge, Hiroko H., Reynolds, Christina, Barnes, Lisa L., Silbert, Lisa C., Lim, Miranda M., Mattek, Nora, Gothard, Sarah, Kaye, Jeffrey A., and Beattie, Zachary. In-Home Mobility Frequency and Stability in Older Adults Living Alone With or Without MCI: Introduction of New Metrics. Switzerland: N. p., 2021. Web. doi:10.3389/fdgth.2021.764510.
Wu, Chao-Yi, Dodge, Hiroko H., Reynolds, Christina, Barnes, Lisa L., Silbert, Lisa C., Lim, Miranda M., Mattek, Nora, Gothard, Sarah, Kaye, Jeffrey A., & Beattie, Zachary. In-Home Mobility Frequency and Stability in Older Adults Living Alone With or Without MCI: Introduction of New Metrics. Switzerland. https://doi.org/10.3389/fdgth.2021.764510
Wu, Chao-Yi, Dodge, Hiroko H., Reynolds, Christina, Barnes, Lisa L., Silbert, Lisa C., Lim, Miranda M., Mattek, Nora, Gothard, Sarah, Kaye, Jeffrey A., and Beattie, Zachary. Tue . "In-Home Mobility Frequency and Stability in Older Adults Living Alone With or Without MCI: Introduction of New Metrics". Switzerland. https://doi.org/10.3389/fdgth.2021.764510.
@article{osti_1827438,
title = {In-Home Mobility Frequency and Stability in Older Adults Living Alone With or Without MCI: Introduction of New Metrics},
author = {Wu, Chao-Yi and Dodge, Hiroko H. and Reynolds, Christina and Barnes, Lisa L. and Silbert, Lisa C. and Lim, Miranda M. and Mattek, Nora and Gothard, Sarah and Kaye, Jeffrey A. and Beattie, Zachary},
abstractNote = {Background: Older adults spend a considerable amount of time inside their residences; however, most research investigates out-of-home mobility and its health correlates. We measured indoor mobility using room-to-room transitions, tested their psychometric properties, and correlated indoor mobility with cognitive and functional status. Materials and Methods: Community-dwelling older adults living alone ( n = 139; age = 78.1 ± 8.6 years) from the Oregon Center for Aging & Technology (ORCATECH) and Minority Aging Research Study (MARS) were included in the study. Two indoor mobility features were developed using non-parametric parameters (frequency; stability): Indoor mobility frequency (room-to-room transitions/day) was detected using passive infrared (PIR) motion sensors fixed on the walls in four geographic locations (bathroom; bedroom; kitchen; living room) and using door contact sensors attached to the egress door in the entrance. Indoor mobility stability was estimated by variances of number of room-to-room transitions over a week. Test-retest reliability (Intra-class coefficient, ICC) and the minimal clinically important difference (MCID) defined as the standard error of measurement (SEM) were generated. Generalized estimating equations models related mobility features with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and functional status (gait speed). Results: An average of 206 days (±127) of sensor data were analyzed per individual. Indoor mobility frequency and stability showed good to excellent test-retest reliability (ICCs = 0.91[0.88–0.94]; 0.59[0.48–0.70]). The MCIDs of mobility frequency and mobility stability were 18 and 0.09, respectively. On average, a higher indoor mobility frequency was associated with faster gait speed (β = 0.53, p = 0.04), suggesting an increase of 5.3 room-to-room transitions per day was associated with an increase of 10 cm/s gait speed. A decrease in mobility stability was associated with MCI (β = −0.04, p = 0.03). Discussion: Mobility frequency and stability in the home are clinically meaningful and reliable features. Pervasive-sensing systems deployed in homes can objectively reveal cognitive and functional status in older adults who live alone.},
doi = {10.3389/fdgth.2021.764510},
journal = {Frontiers in Digital Health},
number = ,
volume = 3,
place = {Switzerland},
year = {2021},
month = {10}
}

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