Valuing wind as a distributed energy resource: A literature review

Journal Article · 15 September 2021 · Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2021.111678 · OSTI ID:1827294

Barrows, Sarah E. ^[1]; Homer, Juliet S. ^[1]; Orrell, Alice C.  ^[1]

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1. Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)

As more distributed energy resources are deployed on electric grid systems across the world, it is important to identify, characterize, and quantify the value elements of different types of distributed energy resources so that policymakers, developers, and utilities can make informed energy deployment decisions. This paper focuses on the value of wind energy as a distributed energy resource (i.e., “distributed wind”). Because of a lack of distributed wind-specific valuation studies, in this review we document the current state of distributed energy resource valuation, analyze a wide array of distributed energy resource valuation metastudies, and identify several value elements for which we recommend developing more robust and standardized calculation methodologies for their potential inclusion in distributed wind valuation. These value elements are ancillary services and locational, resilience, reliability, and resource diversity benefits. Furthermore, this work lays the foundation for a future comprehensive framework for distributed wind valuation studies.

• Research Organization: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)
• Sponsoring Organization: USDOE; USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Renewable Power Office. Wind Energy Technologies Office
• Grant/Contract Number: AC05-76RL01830
• OSTI ID: 1827294
• Report Number(s): PNNL-SA--166330
• Journal Information: Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Journal Name: Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews Vol. 152; ISSN 1364-0321
• Publisher: ElsevierCopyright Statement
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English