The biogeographic differentiation of algal microbiomes in the upper ocean from pole to pole

Martin, Kara; Schmidt, Katrin; Toseland, Andrew; Boulton, Chris A.; Barry, Kerrie; Beszteri, Bánk; Brussaard, Corina D.; Clum, Alicia; Daum, Chris G.; Eloe-Fadrosh, Emiley; Fong, Allison; Foster, Brian; Foster, Bryce; Ginzburg, Michael; Huntemann, Marcel; Ivanova, Natalia N.; Kyrpides, Nikos C.; Lindquist, Erika; Mukherjee, Supratim; Palaniappan, Krishnaveni; Reddy, T. B. K.; Rizkallah, Mariam R.; Roux, Simon; Timmermans, Klaas; Tringe, Susannah G.; van de Poll, Willem H.; Varghese, Neha; Valentin, Klaus U.; Lenton, Timothy M.; Grigoriev, Igor V.; Leggett, Richard M.; Moulton, Vincent; Mock, Thomas

doi:10.1038/s41467-021-25646-9

Title: The biogeographic differentiation of algal microbiomes in the upper ocean from pole to pole

Journal Article · 16 September 2021 · Nature Communications

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-25646-9 · OSTI ID:1825015

Martin, Kara ^[1]; Schmidt, Katrin ^[2];

^[2];

^[3]; Barry, Kerrie ^[4];

^[5]; Brussaard, Corina D. ^[6]; Clum, Alicia ^[4];

^[4];

^[4]; Fong, Allison ^[7]; Foster, Brian ^[4]; Foster, Bryce ^[4];

^[8];

;

^[4];

^[4]; Lindquist, Erika ^[4];

^[4]; Palaniappan, Krishnaveni ^[4] more »

Univ. of East Anglia, Norwich (United Kingdom); Earlham Inst., Norwich (United Kingdom)
Univ. of East Anglia, Norwich (United Kingdom)
Univ. of Exeter (United Kingdom)
Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
Univ. of Duisburg-Essen, Essen (Germany)
Royal Netherlands Inst. for Sea Research, Texel (Netherlands)
Alfred Wegner Inst. for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven (Germany)
Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States); Alfred Wegner Inst. for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven (Germany)
Univ. of Groningen (Netherlands)
Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States); Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States)
Earlham Inst., Norwich (United Kingdom)

Eukaryotic phytoplankton are responsible for at least 20% of annual global carbon fixation. Their diversity and activity are shaped by interactions with prokaryotes as part of complex microbiomes. Although differences in their local species diversity have been estimated, we still have a limited understanding of environmental conditions responsible for compositional differences between local species communities on a large scale from pole to pole. Here, we show, based on pole-to-pole phytoplankton metatranscriptomes and microbial rDNA sequencing, that environmental differences between polar and non-polar upper oceans most strongly impact the large-scale spatial pattern of biodiversity and gene activity in algal microbiomes. The geographic differentiation of co-occurring microbes in algal microbiomes can be well explained by the latitudinal temperature gradient and associated break points in their beta diversity, with an average breakpoint at 14 °C ± 4.3, separating cold and warm upper oceans. As global warming impacts upper ocean temperatures, we project that break points of beta diversity move markedly pole-wards. Hence, abrupt regime shifts in algal microbiomes could be caused by anthropogenic climate change.

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Research Organization:: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC); BBSRC; University of East Anglia (UEA)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-05CH11231

OSTI ID:: 1825015

Journal Information:: Nature Communications, Journal Name: Nature Communications Journal Issue: 1 Vol. 12; ISSN 2041-1723

Publisher:: Nature Publishing GroupCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Title: The biogeographic differentiation of algal microbiomes in the upper ocean from pole to pole

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