Use of a Lewis acid, a Brønsted acid, and their binary mixtures for the hydrothermal liquefaction of lignocellulose

Alper, Koray; Wang, Yun-Yan; Meng, Xianzhi; Tekin, Kubilay; Karagoz, Selhan; Ragauskas, Arthur J.

doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2021.121398

Title: Use of a Lewis acid, a Brønsted acid, and their binary mixtures for the hydrothermal liquefaction of lignocellulose

Journal Article · 27 July 2021 · Fuel

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2021.121398 · OSTI ID:1824969

Alper, Koray ^[1]; Wang, Yun-Yan ^[2]; Meng, Xianzhi ^[3]; Tekin, Kubilay ^[1]; Karagoz, Selhan ^[1];

^[4]

Karabuk Univ. (Turkey)
Univ. of Tennessee Inst. of Agriculture, Knoxville, TN (United States)
Univ. of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN (United States)
Univ. of Tennessee Inst. of Agriculture, Knoxville, TN (United States); Univ. of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN (United States); Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

The main objective of the present study is to investigate the effect of a Lewis acid, Brønsted acid, and their combined use on the hydrothermal liquefaction of lignocellulosic biomass. Hydrothermal liquefaction of teak wood was conducted at 250, 300 and 350 °C for 15, 30 and 60 min. Hydrothermal liquefaction of teak wood was carried out at 300 °C for 30 min (the best optimum conditions) without and with the use of Mg(ClO₄)₂, HClO₄, and HClO₄/Mg(ClO₄)₂ at various loadings (2–10 mmol/15 g wood). The highest bio-oil yield was obtained with the non-catalytic run. All tested catalysts have negative effect on bio-oil yields. The bio-oil yields generally decreased with increasing the catalyst loadings. The deoxygenation degree in bio-oils changed depending on the type of catalyst and loading. A high degree of de-oxygenation took place with Mg(ClO₄)₂ catalysts. An increased catalyst loading led to decreased aromatic contents of bio-oils catalyzed by either Mg(ClO₄)₂ or HClO₄. The use of a catalyst increased total naphtha fractions in bio-oils. The highest heating value of the bio-oil was estimated to be approximately 30 MJ/kg. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis revealed that the bio-oils from the non-catalytic and catalytic runs contained aldehydes, ketones, phenols, acids, esters and alcohols. Furthermore, the relative yields of the oxygenated compounds were affected by catalyst type.

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Research Organization:: Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-00OR22725

OSTI ID:: 1824969

Journal Information:: Fuel, Journal Name: Fuel Journal Issue: - Vol. 304; ISSN 0016-2361

Publisher:: ElsevierCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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