Structure and chemical stability in perovskite–polymer hybrid photovoltaic materials

Fairfield, Daniel J.; Sai, Hiroaki; Narayanan, Ashwin; Passarelli, James V.; Chen, Michelle; Palasz, Joseph; Palmer, Liam C.; Wasielewski, Michael R.; Stupp, Samuel I.

doi:10.1039/c8ta07545j

Title: Structure and chemical stability in perovskite–polymer hybrid photovoltaic materials

Journal Article · 02 January 2019 · Journal of Materials Chemistry. A

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1039/c8ta07545j · OSTI ID:1822211

Fairfield, Daniel J. ^[1];

^[2]; Narayanan, Ashwin ^[2]; Passarelli, James V. ^[2]; Chen, Michelle ^[2]; Palasz, Joseph ^[2];

^[3];

^[2];

^[3]

Northwestern Univ., Evanston, IL (United States); CBES
Northwestern Univ., Evanston, IL (United States)
Northwestern Univ., Evanston, IL (United States); Northwestern Univ., Chicago, IL (United States)

Adding polymers to methylammonium lead iodide perovskite solar cell active layers has been previously shown to increase their chemical stability, but stabilization mechanisms in these hybrid materials are poorly understood. We report here on a structural and spectroscopic analysis in a number of perovskite–polymer hybrid materials and compare their stability. We observed that perovskite crystallite sizes decrease with the addition of polymers (polyethylene glycol, polyethyleneimine, poly(acrylic acid) and polyvinylpyrrolidone), and through the use of nanomechanical AFM showed phase contrast in the perovskite–polymer mixture. NMR and single-crystal growth experiments reveal that acid–base interactions, as well as facet-dependent interfacial interactions between perovskite and polymer, contribute to differences in stabilities of these hybrid materials. The polymers investigated tend to suppress the formation of a hydrate crystal phase that accelerates the degradation reaction, and we report that adding poly(acrylic acid) increases significantly the stability of perovskite films under humid air and ambient illumination. Under these controlled degradation conditions, perovskite–poly(acrylic acid) hybrid solar cells maintain stable efficiency for the first 3 days and then slowly degrade over the next 6 days under humid air and illumination, whereas control perovskite solar cells degrade entirely within the first 2 days. Furthermore, these results highlight the importance of choosing suitable functional groups in the polymer phase of perovskite hybrid solar cells to prolong their device lifetime.

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Research Organization:: Energy Frontier Research Centers (EFRC) (United States). Center for Bio-Inspired Energy Science (CBES)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)

Grant/Contract Number:: FG02-00ER45810; FG02-99ER14999

OSTI ID:: 1822211

Journal Information:: Journal of Materials Chemistry. A, Journal Name: Journal of Materials Chemistry. A Journal Issue: 4 Vol. 7; ISSN 2050-7488

Publisher:: Royal Society of ChemistryCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Title: Structure and chemical stability in perovskite–polymer hybrid photovoltaic materials

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