Enhanced Out-of-Plane Conductivity and Photovoltaic Performance in n = 1 Layered Perovskites through Organic Cation Design

Passarelli, James V.; Fairfield, Daniel J.; Sather, Nicholas A.; Hendricks, Mark P.; Sai, Hiroaki; Stern, Charlotte L.; Stupp, Samuel I.

doi:10.1021/jacs.8b03659

Title: Enhanced Out-of-Plane Conductivity and Photovoltaic Performance in n = 1 Layered Perovskites through Organic Cation Design

Journal Article · 04 June 2018 · Journal of the American Chemical Society

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.8b03659 · OSTI ID:1822189

^[1];

^[2]; Sather, Nicholas A. ^[2];

^[3];

^[3]; Stern, Charlotte L. ^[2];

^[4]

Northwestern Univ., Evanston, IL (United States); CBES
Northwestern Univ., Evanston, IL (United States)
Northwestern Univ., Chicago, IL (United States)
Northwestern Univ., Evanston, IL (United States); Northwestern Univ., Chicago, IL (United States)

Layered perovskites with the formula (R–NH₃)₂PbI₄ have excellent environmental stability but poor photovoltaic function due to the preferential orientation of the semiconducting layer parallel to the substrate and the typically insulating nature of the R–NH₃⁺ cation. Here, we report a series of these n = 1 layered perovskites with the form (aromatic-O-linker-NH₃)₂PbI₄ where the aromatic moiety is naphthalene, pyrene, or perylene and the linker is ethyl, propyl, or butyl. These materials achieve enhanced conductivity perpendicular to the inorganic layers due to better energy level matching between the inorganic layers and organic galleries. The enhanced conductivity and visible absorption of these materials led to a champion power conversion efficiency of 1.38%, which is the highest value reported for any n = 1 layered perovskite, and it is an order of magnitude higher efficiency than any other n = 1 layered perovskite oriented with layers parallel to the substrate. Furthermore, these findings demonstrate the importance of leveraging the electronic character of the organic cation to improve optoelectronic properties and thus the photovoltaic performance of these chemically stable low n layered perovskites.

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Research Organization:: Energy Frontier Research Centers (EFRC) (United States). Center for Bio-Inspired Energy Science (CBES)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-06CH11357; FG02-00ER45810

OSTI ID:: 1822189

Journal Information:: Journal of the American Chemical Society, Journal Name: Journal of the American Chemical Society Journal Issue: 23 Vol. 140; ISSN 0002-7863

Publisher:: American Chemical Society (ACS)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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36 MATERIALS SCIENCE
37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
99 GENERAL AND MISCELLANEOUS
Aromatic compounds
Cations
Electrical conductivity
Layers
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Aromatic compounds
Electrical conductivity
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Perovskites
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CCDC 1840802: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination Passarelli, James V.; Fairfield, Daniel J.; Sather, Nicholas A. https://doi.org/10.5517/ccdc.csd.cc1zshqz The current record is supplemented by this dataset	dataset	January 2018
CCDC 1840803: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination Passarelli, James V.; Fairfield, Daniel J.; Sather, Nicholas A. https://doi.org/10.5517/ccdc.csd.cc1zshr0 The current record is supplemented by this dataset	dataset	January 2018
CCDC 1840804: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination Passarelli, James V.; Fairfield, Daniel J.; Sather, Nicholas A. https://doi.org/10.5517/ccdc.csd.cc1zshs1 The current record is supplemented by this dataset	dataset	January 2018
CCDC 1840805: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination Passarelli, James V.; Fairfield, Daniel J.; Sather, Nicholas A. https://doi.org/10.5517/ccdc.csd.cc1zsht2 The current record is supplemented by this dataset	dataset	January 2018
CCDC 1840806: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination Passarelli, James V.; Fairfield, Daniel J.; Sather, Nicholas A. https://doi.org/10.5517/ccdc.csd.cc1zshv3 The current record is supplemented by this dataset	dataset	January 2018
CCDC 1840807: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination Passarelli, James V.; Fairfield, Daniel J.; Sather, Nicholas A. https://doi.org/10.5517/ccdc.csd.cc1zshw4 The current record is supplemented by this dataset	dataset	January 2018
CCDC 1840808: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination Passarelli, James V.; Fairfield, Daniel J.; Sather, Nicholas A. https://doi.org/10.5517/ccdc.csd.cc1zshx5 The current record is supplemented by this dataset	dataset	January 2018