Gravitational wave propagation beyond general relativity: waveform distortions and echoes
Abstract
We study the cosmological propagation of gravitational waves (GWs) beyond general relativity (GR) across homogeneous and isotropic backgrounds. We consider scenarios in which GWs interact with an additional tensor field and use a parametrized phenomenological approach that generically describes their coupled equations of motion. We analyze four distinct classes of derivative and non-derivative interactions: mass, friction, velocity, and chiral. We apply the WKB formalism to account for the cosmological evolution and obtain analytical solutions to these equations. We corroborate these results by analyzing numerically the propagation of a toy GW signal. We then proceed to use the analytical results to study the modified propagation of realistic GWs from merging compact binaries, assuming that the GW signal emitted is the same as in GR. We generically find that tensor interactions lead to copies of the originally emitted GW signal, each one with its own possibly modified dispersion relation. These copies can travel coherently and interfere with each other leading to a scrambled GW signal, or propagate decoherently and lead to echoes arriving at different times at the observer that could be misidentified as independent GW events. Depending on the type of tensor interaction, the detected GW signal may exhibit amplitude andmore »
- Authors:
-
- Univ. of Chicago, IL (United States)
- Columbia Univ., New York, NY (United States)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Univ. of Chicago, IL (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC), High Energy Physics (HEP)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1821653
- Grant/Contract Number:
- SC0009924; FG02-13ER41958
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 2021; Journal Issue: 11; Journal ID: ISSN 1475-7516
- Publisher:
- Institute of Physics (IOP)
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS; gravitational waves; tests of general relativity; dark energy; modified gravity
Citation Formats
Ezquiaga, Jose Maria, Hu, Wayne, Lagos, Macarena, and Lin, Meng-Xiang. Gravitational wave propagation beyond general relativity: waveform distortions and echoes. United States: N. p., 2021.
Web. doi:10.1088/1475-7516/2021/11/048.
Ezquiaga, Jose Maria, Hu, Wayne, Lagos, Macarena, & Lin, Meng-Xiang. Gravitational wave propagation beyond general relativity: waveform distortions and echoes. United States. https://doi.org/10.1088/1475-7516/2021/11/048
Ezquiaga, Jose Maria, Hu, Wayne, Lagos, Macarena, and Lin, Meng-Xiang. Wed .
"Gravitational wave propagation beyond general relativity: waveform distortions and echoes". United States. https://doi.org/10.1088/1475-7516/2021/11/048. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1821653.
@article{osti_1821653,
title = {Gravitational wave propagation beyond general relativity: waveform distortions and echoes},
author = {Ezquiaga, Jose Maria and Hu, Wayne and Lagos, Macarena and Lin, Meng-Xiang},
abstractNote = {We study the cosmological propagation of gravitational waves (GWs) beyond general relativity (GR) across homogeneous and isotropic backgrounds. We consider scenarios in which GWs interact with an additional tensor field and use a parametrized phenomenological approach that generically describes their coupled equations of motion. We analyze four distinct classes of derivative and non-derivative interactions: mass, friction, velocity, and chiral. We apply the WKB formalism to account for the cosmological evolution and obtain analytical solutions to these equations. We corroborate these results by analyzing numerically the propagation of a toy GW signal. We then proceed to use the analytical results to study the modified propagation of realistic GWs from merging compact binaries, assuming that the GW signal emitted is the same as in GR. We generically find that tensor interactions lead to copies of the originally emitted GW signal, each one with its own possibly modified dispersion relation. These copies can travel coherently and interfere with each other leading to a scrambled GW signal, or propagate decoherently and lead to echoes arriving at different times at the observer that could be misidentified as independent GW events. Depending on the type of tensor interaction, the detected GW signal may exhibit amplitude and phase distortions with respect to a GW waveform in GR, as well as birefringence effects. Furthermore, we discuss observational probes of these tensor interactions with both individual GW events, as well as population studies for both ground- and space-based detectors.},
doi = {10.1088/1475-7516/2021/11/048},
journal = {Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics},
number = 11,
volume = 2021,
place = {United States},
year = {Wed Nov 24 00:00:00 EST 2021},
month = {Wed Nov 24 00:00:00 EST 2021}
}
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