Removal of singularities from the covariant spectator theory

Gross, Franz

doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.104.054020

Title: Removal of singularities from the covariant spectator theory

Journal Article · 16 September 2021 · Physical Review D

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.104.054020 · OSTI ID:1820665

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Research Organization:: Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, VA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-06OR23177

OSTI ID:: 1820665

Report Number(s):: DOE/OR/23177-5164; JLAB-THY--21-3347; arXiv:2104.04495; 054020

Journal Information:: Physical Review D, Journal Name: Physical Review D Journal Issue: 5 Vol. 104; ISSN PRVDAQ; ISSN 2470-0010

Publisher:: American Physical SocietyCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

References (72)

Scalar-Particle Self-Energy Amplitudes and Confinement in Minkowski Space Biernat, Elmar P.; Gross, Franz; Peña, Teresa Few-Body Systems, Vol. 54, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00601-012-0491-2	journal	September 2012
The CST: Its Achievements and Its Connection to the Light Cone Gross, Franz Few-Body Systems, Vol. 58, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00601-017-1215-4	journal	January 2017
Application of the Covariant Spectator Theory to the Study of Heavy and Heavy-Light Mesons Leitão, Sofia; Stadler, Alfred; Peña, M. T. Few-Body Systems, Vol. 58, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00601-017-1251-0	journal	February 2017
Effective lagrangians for bound state problems in QED, QCD, and other field theories Caswell, W. E.; Lepage, G. P. Physics Letters B, Vol. 167, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1016/0370-2693(86)91297-9	journal	February 1986
All-analytic radiative-recoil corrections to ground state muonium hyperfine splitting Eides, M. I.; Karshenboim, S. G.; Shelyuto, V. A. Physics Letters B, Vol. 202, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1016/0370-2693(88)91866-7	journal	March 1988
Meson exchange and the relativistic multiple scattering formalism Gross, Franz; Maung, Khin Muang Physics Letters B, Vol. 229, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1016/0370-2693(89)91154-4	journal	October 1989
Extraction of the ratio of the neutron to proton structure functions from deep inelastic scattering Liuti, S.; Gross, Franz Physics Letters B, Vol. 356, Issue 2-3 https://doi.org/10.1016/0370-2693(95)00843-A	journal	August 1995
Experimental status of quantum electrodynamics Drell, Sidney D. Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Vol. 96, Issue 1-2 https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-4371(79)90190-0	journal	April 1979
Reduction of the three-particle collision problem to multi-channel two-particle Lippmann-Schwinger equations Alt, E. O.; Grassberger, P.; Sandhas, W. Nuclear Physics B, Vol. 2, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1016/0550-3213(67)90016-8	journal	June 1967
Comparison of three-dimensional relativistic scattering equations Woloshyn, R. M.; Jackson, A. D. Nuclear Physics B, Vol. 64 https://doi.org/10.1016/0550-3213(73)90626-3	journal	November 1973
The role of interaction vertices in bound state calculations Şavklı, Çetin; Gross, Franz; Tjon, John Physics Letters B, Vol. 531, Issue 1-2 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0370-2693(02)01362-X	journal	April 2002
Covariant Spectator Theory of heavy–light and heavy mesons and the predictive power of covariant interaction kernels Leitão, Sofia; Stadler, Alfred; Peña, M. T. Physics Letters B, Vol. 764 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2016.11.013	journal	January 2017
Relativistic Calculation of the Deuteron Electromagnetic Form Factor. I Gross, Franz Physical Review, Vol. 134, Issue 2B https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRev.134.B405	journal	April 1964
Relativistic Calculation of the Deuteron Electromagnetic Form Factor. II Gross, Franz Physical Review, Vol. 136, Issue 1B https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRev.136.B140	journal	October 1964
Introduction to the N -Quantum Approximation in Quantum Field Theory Greenberg, O. W. Physical Review, Vol. 139, Issue 4B https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRev.139.B1038	journal	August 1965
Dynamics at Infinite Momentum Weinberg, Steven Physical Review, Vol. 150, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRev.150.1313	journal	October 1966
Measurement of G En from Elastic e − d Scattering: Relativistic Corrections and Model Dependence Casper, B. M.; Gross, Franz Physical Review, Vol. 155, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRev.155.1607	journal	March 1967
Three-Dimensional Covariant Integral Equations for Low-Energy Systems Gross, Franz Physical Review, Vol. 186, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRev.186.1448	journal	October 1969
Analytic bound-state solutions in a relativistic two-body formalism with applications in muonium and positronium Lepage, G. Peter Physical Review A, Vol. 16, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.16.863	journal	September 1977
Covariant spectator theory of n p scattering: Deuteron form factors Gross, Franz Physical Review C, Vol. 101, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.101.024001	journal	February 2020
Erratum: Covariant spectator theory of n p scattering: Deuteron magnetic moment [Phys. Rev. C 89 , 064002 (2014)] Gross, Franz Physical Review C, Vol. 101, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.101.029901	journal	February 2020
Elastic electron-deuteron scattering at high energy Arnold, Raymond G.; Carlson, Carl E.; Gross, Franz Physical Review C, Vol. 21, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.21.1426	journal	April 1980
Relativistic effects in the Bethe-Brueckner theory of nuclear matter Anastasio, M. R.; Celenza, L. S.; Shakin, C. M. Physical Review C, Vol. 23, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.23.2273	journal	May 1981
Relativistic few-body problem. I. Two-body equations Gross, Franz Physical Review C, Vol. 26, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.26.2203	journal	November 1982
Relativistic few-body problem. II. Three-body equations and three-body forces Gross, Franz Physical Review C, Vol. 26, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.26.2226	journal	November 1982
Current conservation and interaction currents in relativistic meson theories Gross, Franz; Riska, D. O. Physical Review C, Vol. 36, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.36.1928	journal	November 1987
Pseudoscalar πN coupling and relativistic proton-nucleus scattering Gross, Franz; Maung, Khin Maung; Tjon, J. A. Physical Review C, Vol. 40, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.40.R10	journal	July 1989
Relativistic proton-nucleus scattering and one-boson-exchange models Maung, Khin Maung; Gross, Franz; Tjon, J. A. Physical Review C, Vol. 43, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.43.1378	journal	March 1991
Role of nuclear binding in the European-Muon-Collaboration effect Gross, Franz; Liuti, S. Physical Review C, Vol. 45, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.45.1374	journal	March 1992
Relativistic one-boson-exchange model for the nucleon-nucleon interaction Gross, Franz; Van Orden, J. W.; Holinde, Karl Physical Review C, Vol. 45, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.45.2094	journal	May 1992
Unitary, relativistic resonance model for π N scattering Gross, Franz; Surya, Yohanes Physical Review C, Vol. 47, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.47.703	journal	February 1993
Unitary, gauge invariant, relativistic resonance model for pion photoproduction Surya, Yohanes; Gross, Franz Physical Review C, Vol. 53, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.53.2422	journal	May 1996
Scalar and vector interactions of a composite spin-1/2 system Wallace, S. J.; Gross, Franz; Tjon, J. A. Physical Review C, Vol. 53, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.53.860	journal	February 1996
Two-pion-exchange potential and the π N amplitude Peña, M. T.; Gross, Franz; Surya, Yohanes Physical Review C, Vol. 54, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.54.2235	journal	November 1996
Covariant equations for the three-body bound state Stadler, Alfred; Gross, Franz; Frank, Michael Physical Review C, Vol. 56, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.56.2396	journal	November 1997
Gauging the three-nucleon spectator equation Kvinikhidze, A. N.; Blankleider, B. Physical Review C, Vol. 56, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.56.2973	journal	December 1997
Normalization of the covariant three-body bound state vertex function Adam, J.; Gross, Franz; Şavklı, Çetin Physical Review C, Vol. 56, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.56.641	journal	August 1997
Two-pion exchange and strong form factors in covariant field theories Ramalho, G.; Arriaga, A.; Peña, M. T. Physical Review C, Vol. 60, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.60.047001	journal	September 1999
Feynman-Schwinger representation approach to nonperturbative physics Şavklı, Çetin; Tjon, John; Gross, Franz Physical Review C, Vol. 60, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.60.055210	journal	October 1999
Erratum: Feynman-Schwinger representation approach to nonperturbative physics [Phys. Rev. C 60 , 055210 (1999)] Şavklı, Çetin; Tjon, John; Gross, Franz Physical Review C, Vol. 61, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.61.069901	journal	May 2000
Quark-antiquark bound states in the relativistic spectator formalism Şavklı, Çetin; Gross, Franz Physical Review C, Vol. 63, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.63.035208	journal	February 2001
Nucleon-nucleon interaction and large N c QCD Banerjee, Manoj K.; Cohen, Thomas D.; Gelman, Boris A. Physical Review C, Vol. 65, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.65.034011	journal	March 2002
Electromagnetic interactions of three-body systems in the covariant spectator theory Gross, Franz; Stadler, Alfred; Peña, M. T. Physical Review C, Vol. 69, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.69.034007	journal	March 2004
Covariant spectator theory of np scattering: Phase shifts obtained from precision fits to data below 350 MeV Gross, Franz; Stadler, Alfred Physical Review C, Vol. 78, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.78.014005	journal	July 2008
Covariant spectator theory for the electromagnetic three-nucleon form factors: Complete impulse approximation Pinto, Sérgio Alexandre; Stadler, Alfred; Gross, Franz Physical Review C, Vol. 79, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.79.054006	journal	May 2009
First results for electromagnetic three-nucleon form factors from high-precision two-nucleon interactions Pinto, Sérgio Alexandre; Stadler, Alfred; Gross, Franz Physical Review C, Vol. 81, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.81.014007	journal	January 2010
Covariant spectator theory of np scattering: Effective range expansions and relativistic deuteron wave functions Gross, Franz; Stadler, Alfred Physical Review C, Vol. 82, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.82.034004	journal	September 2010
Covariant spectator theory of n p scattering: Isoscalar interaction currents Gross, Franz Physical Review C, Vol. 89, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.89.064001	journal	June 2014
Covariant spectator theory of n p scattering: Deuteron magnetic moment Gross, Franz Physical Review C, Vol. 89, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.89.064002	journal	June 2014
Covariant spectator theory of n p scattering: Deuteron quadrupole moment Gross, Franz Physical Review C, Vol. 91, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.91.014005	journal	January 2015
New theory of nuclear forces. Relativistic origin of the repulsive core Gross, Franz Physical Review D, Vol. 10, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.10.223	journal	July 1974
Family of relativistic deuteron wave functions Buck, W. W.; Gross, Franz Physical Review D, Vol. 20, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.20.2361	journal	November 1979
Exclusive processes in perturbative quantum chromodynamics Lepage, G. Peter; Brodsky, Stanley J. Physical Review D, Vol. 22, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.22.2157	journal	November 1980
Covariant, chirally symmetric, confining model of mesons Gross, Franz; Milana, Joseph Physical Review D, Vol. 43, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.43.2401	journal	April 1991
Decoupling confinement and chiral-symmetry breaking: An explicit model Gross, Franz; Milana, Joseph Physical Review D, Vol. 45, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.45.969	journal	February 1992
Goldstone pion and other mesons using a scalar confining interaction Gross, Franz; Milana, Joseph Physical Review D, Vol. 50, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.50.3332	journal	September 1994
Confinement and the analytic structure of the one-body propagator in scalar QED Şavklı, Çetin; Gross, Franz; Tjon, John Physical Review D, Vol. 62, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.62.116006	journal	November 2000
Stability of the scalar χ 2 φ interaction Gross, Franz; Şavklı, Çetin; Tjon, John Physical Review D, Vol. 64, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.64.076008	journal	September 2001
Complex conjugate poles and parton distributions Tiburzi, B. C.; Detmold, W.; Miller, G. A. Physical Review D, Vol. 68, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.68.073002	journal	October 2003
Confinement, quark mass functions, and spontaneous chiral symmetry breaking in Minkowski space Biernat, Elmar P.; Gross, Franz; Peña, M. T. Physical Review D, Vol. 89, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.89.016005	journal	January 2014
Pion electromagnetic form factor in the covariant spectator theory Biernat, Elmar P.; Gross, Franz; Peña, M. T. Physical Review D, Vol. 89, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.89.016006	journal	January 2014
Linear confinement in momentum space: Singularity-free bound-state equations Leitão, Sofia; Stadler, Alfred; Peña, M. T. Physical Review D, Vol. 90, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.90.096003	journal	November 2014
Chiral symmetry and π - π scattering in the covariant spectator theory Biernat, Elmar P.; Peña, M. T.; Ribeiro, J. E. Physical Review D, Vol. 90, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.90.096008	journal	November 2014
Charge-conjugation symmetric complete impulse approximation for the pion electromagnetic form factor in the covariant spectator theory Biernat, Elmar P.; Gross, Franz; Peña, M. T. Physical Review D, Vol. 92, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.92.076011	journal	October 2015
Covariant spectator theory of quark-antiquark bound states: Mass spectra and vertex functions of heavy and heavy-light mesons Leitão, Sofia; Stadler, Alfred; Peña, M. T. Physical Review D, Vol. 96, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.96.074007	journal	October 2017
Quark mass function from a one-gluon-exchange-type interaction in Minkowski space Biernat, Elmar P.; Gross, Franz; Peña, M. T. Physical Review D, Vol. 98, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.98.114033	journal	December 2018
Isoscalar meson exchange currents and the deuteron form factors Ito, Hiroshi; Gross, Franz Physical Review Letters, Vol. 71, Issue 16 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.71.2555	journal	October 1993
Low-Energy Theorem for Scalar and Vector Interactions of a Composite Spin-½ System Wallace, S. J.; Gross, Franz; Tjon, J. A. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 74, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.74.228	journal	January 1995
Elastic Electron Scattering from the Deuteron Using the Gross Equation Van Orden, J. W.; Devine, N.; Gross, F. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 75, Issue 24 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.75.4369	journal	December 1995
Relativistic Calculation of the Triton Binding Energy and Its Implications Stadler, Alfred; Gross, Franz Physical Review Letters, Vol. 78, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.78.26	journal	January 1997
Nonperturbative dynamics of scalar field theories through the Feynman-Schwinger representation Savkli, C.; Gross, F.; Tjon, J. Physics of Atomic Nuclei, Vol. 68, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1134/1.1935017	journal	May 2005
Review of the N-Quantum Approach to Bound States Greenberg, O. W. International Journal of Modern Physics A, Vol. 26, Issue 06 https://doi.org/10.1142/S0217751X11052797	journal	March 2011

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Title: Removal of singularities from the covariant spectator theory

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