Plant functional types broadly describe water use strategies in the Caatinga, a seasonally dry tropical forest in northeast Brazil

Wright, Cynthia L.; de Lima, Andre L. A.; Soares, Eduardo S. de; West, Jason B.; Wilcox, Bradford P.

doi:10.1002/ece3.7949

Title: Plant functional types broadly describe water use strategies in the Caatinga, a seasonally dry tropical forest in northeast Brazil

Journal Article · 04 August 2021 · Ecology and Evolution

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.7949 · OSTI ID:1818674

Wright, Cynthia L. ^[1]; de Lima, Andre L. A. ^[2];

^[2];

^[3];

^[3]

Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States); Texas A & M Univ., College Station, TX (United States)
Univ. Federal Rural de Pernambuco/Unidade Acadêmica de Serra Talhada (UFRPE/UAST), Serra Talhada (Brazil)
Texas A & M Univ., College Station, TX (United States)

In seasonally dry tropical forests, plant functional type can be classified as deciduous low wood density, deciduous high wood density, or evergreen high wood density species. While deciduousness is often associated with drought-avoidance and low wood density is often associated with tissue water storage, the degree to which these functional types may correspond to diverging and unique water use strategies has not been extensively tested. We examined (a) tolerance to water stress, measured by predawn and mid-day leaf water potential; (b) water use efficiency, measured via foliar δ¹³C; and (c) access to soil water, measured via stem water δ¹⁸O. We found that deciduous low wood density species maintain high leaf water potential and low water use efficiency. Deciduous high wood density species have lower leaf water potential and variable water use efficiency. Both groups rely on shallow soil water. Evergreen high wood density species have low leaf water potential, higher water use efficiency, and access alternative water sources. These findings indicate that deciduous low wood density species are drought avoiders, with a specialized strategy for storing root and stem water. Deciduous high wood density species are moderately drought tolerant, and evergreen high wood density species are the most drought tolerant group. Our results broadly support the plant functional type framework as a way to understand water use strategies, but also highlight species-level differences.

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Research Organization:: Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-00OR22725

OSTI ID:: 1818674

Journal Information:: Ecology and Evolution, Journal Name: Ecology and Evolution Journal Issue: 17 Vol. 11; ISSN 2045-7758

Publisher:: WileyCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Successional changes in functional composition contrast for dry and wet tropical forest Lohbeck, Madelon; Poorter, Lourens; Lebrija-Trejos, Edwin Ecology, Vol. 94, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1890/12-1850.1	journal	June 2013
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Coordinated evolution of leaf and stem economics in tropical dry forest trees Méndez-Alonzo, Rodrigo; Paz, Horacio; Zuluaga, Rossana Cruz Figshare https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.3305085.v1	collection	January 2016
Successional changes in functional composition contrast for dry and wet tropical forest Lohbeck, Madelon; Poorter, Lourens; Lebrija-Trejos, Edwin Figshare https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.3305913	collection	January 2016

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54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
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Title: Plant functional types broadly describe water use strategies in the Caatinga, a seasonally dry tropical forest in northeast Brazil

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