Seamless High-Q Microwave Cavities for Multimode Circuit Quantum Electrodynamics
Abstract
Multimode cavity quantum electrodynamics ---where a two-level system interacts simultaneously with many cavity modes---provides a versatile framework for quantum information processing and quantum optics. Due to the combination of long coherence times and large interaction strengths, one of the leading experimental platforms for cavity QED involves coupling a superconducting circuit to a 3D microwave cavity. In this work, we realize a 3D multimode circuit QED system with single photon lifetimes of $$2$$ ms and cooperativities of $$0.5-1.5\times10^9$$ across 9 modes of a novel seamless cavity. We demonstrate a variety of protocols for universal single-mode quantum control applicable across all cavity modes, using only a single drive line. We achieve this by developing a straightforward flute method for creating monolithic superconducting microwave cavities that reduces loss while simultaneously allowing control of the mode spectrum and mode-qubit interaction. We highlight the flexibility and ease of implementation of this technique by using it to fabricate a variety of 3D cavity geometries, providing a template for engineering multimode quantum systems with exceptionally low dissipation. This work is an important step towards realizing hardware efficient random access quantum memories and processors, and for exploring quantum many-body physics with photons.
- Authors:
-
- Univ. of Chicago, IL (United States); Rutgers Univ., Piscataway, NJ (United States)
- Univ. of Chicago, IL (United States)
- Univ. of Chicago, IL (United States); Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States)
- Samsung Electronics, Suwon (Korea, Republic of). Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC); Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology Global Research Partnership; National Science Foundation (NSF); Heising-Simons Foundation; David and Lucile Packard Foundation
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1818233
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC02-05CH11231; W911NF- 15-1-0397; CCF-1730449; DMR-1420709
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Physical Review Letters
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 127; Journal Issue: 10; Journal ID: ISSN 0031-9007
- Publisher:
- American Physical Society (APS)
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS
Citation Formats
Chakram, Srivatsan, Oriani, Andrew E., Naik, Ravi K., Dixit, Akash V., He, Kevin, Agrawal, Ankur, Kwon, Hyeokshin, and Schuster, David I. Seamless High-Q Microwave Cavities for Multimode Circuit Quantum Electrodynamics. United States: N. p., 2021.
Web. doi:10.1103/physrevlett.127.107701.
Chakram, Srivatsan, Oriani, Andrew E., Naik, Ravi K., Dixit, Akash V., He, Kevin, Agrawal, Ankur, Kwon, Hyeokshin, & Schuster, David I. Seamless High-Q Microwave Cavities for Multimode Circuit Quantum Electrodynamics. United States. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.127.107701
Chakram, Srivatsan, Oriani, Andrew E., Naik, Ravi K., Dixit, Akash V., He, Kevin, Agrawal, Ankur, Kwon, Hyeokshin, and Schuster, David I. Tue .
"Seamless High-Q Microwave Cavities for Multimode Circuit Quantum Electrodynamics". United States. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.127.107701. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1818233.
@article{osti_1818233,
title = {Seamless High-Q Microwave Cavities for Multimode Circuit Quantum Electrodynamics},
author = {Chakram, Srivatsan and Oriani, Andrew E. and Naik, Ravi K. and Dixit, Akash V. and He, Kevin and Agrawal, Ankur and Kwon, Hyeokshin and Schuster, David I.},
abstractNote = {Multimode cavity quantum electrodynamics ---where a two-level system interacts simultaneously with many cavity modes---provides a versatile framework for quantum information processing and quantum optics. Due to the combination of long coherence times and large interaction strengths, one of the leading experimental platforms for cavity QED involves coupling a superconducting circuit to a 3D microwave cavity. In this work, we realize a 3D multimode circuit QED system with single photon lifetimes of $2$ ms and cooperativities of $0.5-1.5\times10^9$ across 9 modes of a novel seamless cavity. We demonstrate a variety of protocols for universal single-mode quantum control applicable across all cavity modes, using only a single drive line. We achieve this by developing a straightforward flute method for creating monolithic superconducting microwave cavities that reduces loss while simultaneously allowing control of the mode spectrum and mode-qubit interaction. We highlight the flexibility and ease of implementation of this technique by using it to fabricate a variety of 3D cavity geometries, providing a template for engineering multimode quantum systems with exceptionally low dissipation. This work is an important step towards realizing hardware efficient random access quantum memories and processors, and for exploring quantum many-body physics with photons.},
doi = {10.1103/physrevlett.127.107701},
journal = {Physical Review Letters},
number = 10,
volume = 127,
place = {United States},
year = {Tue Aug 31 00:00:00 EDT 2021},
month = {Tue Aug 31 00:00:00 EDT 2021}
}
Works referenced in this record:
Strong coupling of a single photon to a superconducting qubit using circuit quantum electrodynamics
journal, September 2004
- Wallraff, A.; Schuster, D. I.; Blais, A.
- Nature, Vol. 431, Issue 7005
A Schrodinger cat living in two boxes
journal, May 2016
- Wang, C.; Gao, Y. Y.; Reinhold, P.
- Science, Vol. 352, Issue 6289
Superconducting metamaterials for waveguide quantum electrodynamics
journal, September 2018
- Mirhosseini, Mohammad; Kim, Eunjong; Ferreira, Vinicius S.
- Nature Communications, Vol. 9, Issue 1
Quantum memory with millisecond coherence in circuit QED
journal, July 2016
- Reagor, Matthew; Pfaff, Wolfgang; Axline, Christopher
- Physical Review B, Vol. 94, Issue 1
Using a qubit to measure photon-number statistics of a driven thermal oscillator
journal, April 2007
- Clerk, A. A.; Utami, D. Wahyu
- Physical Review A, Vol. 75, Issue 4
Quantum dynamics of an electromagnetic mode that cannot contain N photons
journal, May 2015
- Bretheau, L.; Campagne-Ibarcq, P.; Flurin, E.
- Science, Vol. 348, Issue 6236
Optimal control of coupled spin dynamics: design of NMR pulse sequences by gradient ascent algorithms
journal, February 2005
- Khaneja, Navin; Reiss, Timo; Kehlet, Cindie
- Journal of Magnetic Resonance, Vol. 172, Issue 2
Demonstration of quantum volume 64 on a superconducting quantum computing system
journal, March 2021
- Jurcevic, Petar; Javadi-Abhari, Ali; Bishop, Lev S.
- Quantum Science and Technology, Vol. 6, Issue 2
Quantum error correction and universal gate set operation on a binomial bosonic logical qubit
journal, February 2019
- Hu, L.; Ma, Y.; Cai, W.
- Nature Physics, Vol. 15, Issue 5
Non-equilibrium fractional quantum Hall state of light
journal, June 2013
- Hafezi, Mohammad; Lukin, Mikhail D.; Taylor, Jacob M.
- New Journal of Physics, Vol. 15, Issue 6
Microwave-Controlled Generation of Shaped Single Photons in Circuit Quantum Electrodynamics
journal, October 2014
- Pechal, M.; Huthmacher, L.; Eichler, C.
- Physical Review X, Vol. 4, Issue 4
Three-Dimensional Superconducting Resonators at mK with Photon Lifetimes up to s
journal, March 2020
- Romanenko, A.; Pilipenko, R.; Zorzetti, S.
- Physical Review Applied, Vol. 13, Issue 3
Error-corrected gates on an encoded qubit
journal, June 2020
- Reinhold, Philip; Rosenblum, Serge; Ma, Wen-Long
- Nature Physics, Vol. 16, Issue 8
Quantum simulation of the spin-boson model with a microwave circuit
journal, May 2018
- Leppäkangas, Juha; Braumüller, Jochen; Hauck, Melanie
- Physical Review A, Vol. 97, Issue 5
Quantum supremacy using a programmable superconducting processor
journal, October 2019
- Arute, Frank; Arya, Kunal; Babbush, Ryan
- Nature, Vol. 574, Issue 7779
Quantum Electrodynamics in a Topological Waveguide
journal, January 2021
- Kim, Eunjong; Zhang, Xueyue; Ferreira, Vinicius S.
- Physical Review X, Vol. 11, Issue 1
Random access quantum information processors using multimode circuit quantum electrodynamics
journal, December 2017
- Naik, R. K.; Leung, N.; Chakram, S.
- Nature Communications, Vol. 8, Issue 1
Structural absorption by barbule microstructures of super black bird of paradise feathers
journal, January 2018
- McCoy, Dakota E.; Feo, Teresa; Harvey, Todd Alan
- Nature Communications, Vol. 9, Issue 1
Coupling a Superconducting Qubit to a Left-Handed Metamaterial Resonator
journal, December 2020
- Indrajeet, S.; Wang, H.; Hutchings, M. D.
- Physical Review Applied, Vol. 14, Issue 6
Superconducting circuit quantum computing with nanomechanical resonators as storage
journal, September 2018
- Pechal, Marek; Arrangoiz-Arriola, Patricio; Safavi-Naeini, Amir H.
- Quantum Science and Technology, Vol. 4, Issue 1
Quantum error correction of a qubit encoded in grid states of an oscillator
journal, August 2020
- Campagne-Ibarcq, P.; Eickbusch, A.; Touzard, S.
- Nature, Vol. 584, Issue 7821
Direct Dispersive Monitoring of Charge Parity in Offset-Charge-Sensitive Transmons
journal, July 2019
- Serniak, K.; Diamond, S.; Hays, M.
- Physical Review Applied, Vol. 12, Issue 1
Searching for Dark Matter with a Superconducting Qubit
journal, April 2021
- Dixit, Akash V.; Chakram, Srivatsan; He, Kevin
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 126, Issue 14
Beyond Strong Coupling in a Multimode Cavity
journal, June 2015
- Sundaresan, Neereja M.; Liu, Yanbing; Sadri, Darius
- Physical Review X, Vol. 5, Issue 2
Reaching 10 ms single photon lifetimes for superconducting aluminum cavities
journal, May 2013
- Reagor, Matthew; Paik, Hanhee; Catelani, Gianluigi
- Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 102, Issue 19
Cavity State Manipulation Using Photon-Number Selective Phase Gates
journal, September 2015
- Heeres, Reinier W.; Vlastakis, Brian; Holland, Eric
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 115, Issue 13
Superconducting Microresonators: Physics and Applications
journal, March 2012
- Zmuidzinas, Jonas
- Annual Review of Condensed Matter Physics, Vol. 3, Issue 1
Entanglement of bosonic modes through an engineered exchange interaction
journal, February 2019
- Gao, Yvonne Y.; Lester, Brian J.; Chou, Kevin S.
- Nature, Vol. 566, Issue 7745
Soundness and completeness of quantum root-mean-square errors
journal, January 2019
- Ozawa, Masanao
- npj Quantum Information, Vol. 5, Issue 1
Deterministic bidirectional communication and remote entanglement generation between superconducting qubits
journal, February 2019
- Leung, N.; Lu, Y.; Chakram, S.
- npj Quantum Information, Vol. 5, Issue 1
Microwave attenuators for use with quantum devices below 100 mK
journal, June 2017
- Yeh, Jen-Hao; LeFebvre, Jay; Premaratne, Shavindra
- Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 121, Issue 22
Black-Box Superconducting Circuit Quantization
journal, June 2012
- Nigg, Simon E.; Paik, Hanhee; Vlastakis, Brian
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 108, Issue 24
High quality three-dimensional aluminum microwave cavities
journal, August 2020
- Kudra, M.; Biznárová, J.; Fadavi Roudsari, A.
- Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 117, Issue 7
Extending the lifetime of a quantum bit with error correction in superconducting circuits
journal, July 2016
- Ofek, Nissim; Petrenko, Andrei; Heeres, Reinier
- Nature, Vol. 536, Issue 7617
Cavity Attenuators for Superconducting Qubits
journal, January 2019
- Wang, Z.; Shankar, S.; Minev, Z. K.
- Physical Review Applied, Vol. 11, Issue 1
Engineering Topological Many-Body Materials in Microwave Cavity Arrays
journal, December 2016
- Anderson, Brandon M.; Ma, Ruichao; Owens, Clai
- Physical Review X, Vol. 6, Issue 4
Implementing a universal gate set on a logical qubit encoded in an oscillator
journal, July 2017
- Heeres, Reinier W.; Reinhold, Philip; Ofek, Nissim
- Nature Communications, Vol. 8, Issue 1
Resolving photon number states in a superconducting circuit
journal, February 2007
- Schuster, D. I.; Houck, A. A.; Schreier, J. A.
- Nature, Vol. 445, Issue 7127
Theory of Electromagnetic Properties of Strong-Coupling and Impure Superconductors. II
journal, April 1967
- Nam, Sang Boo
- Physical Review, Vol. 156, Issue 2