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Title: Public Versus Private: Does It Matter for Water Conservation? Insights from California

Journal Article · · Environmental Management
 [1];  [2];  [2];  [3]
  1. Universidad Autonoma de Barcelona (Spain). ICTA (Institut de Ciencia i Tecnologia Ambientals); OSTI
  2. Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States). Energy & Resources Group
  3. Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States). Energy Analysis Dept. Environmental Energy Technologies Division

This article asks three connected questions: First, does the public view private and public utilities differently, and if so, does this affect attitudes to conservation? Second, do public and private utilities differ in their approaches to conservation? Finally, do differences in the approaches of the utilities, if any, relate to differences in public attitudes? We survey public attitudes in California toward (hypothetical but plausible) voluntary and mandated water conservation, as well as to price increases, during a recent period of shortage. We do this by interviewing households in three pairs of adjacent public and private utilities. We also survey managers of public and private urban water utilities to see if they differ in their approaches to conservation and to their customers. On the user side we do not find pronounced differences, though a minority of customers in all private companies would be more willing to conserve or pay higher prices under a public operator. No respondent in public utility said the reverse. Negative attitudes toward private operators were most pronounced in the pair marked by a controversial recent privatization and a price hike. Nonetheless, we find that California’s history of recurrent droughts and the visible role of the state in water supply and drought management undermine the distinction between public and private. Private utilities themselves work to underplay the distinction by stressing the collective ownership of the water source and the collective value of conservation. Overall, California’s public utilities appear more proactive and target-oriented in asking their customers to conserve than their private counterparts and the state continues to be important in legitimating and guiding conservation behavior, whether the utility is in public hands or private.

Research Organization:
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE Office of Science (SC)
Grant/Contract Number:
AC02-05CH11231
OSTI ID:
1816017
Journal Information:
Environmental Management, Journal Name: Environmental Management Journal Issue: 1 Vol. 45; ISSN 0364-152X
Publisher:
SpringerCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

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Cited By (6)

Still Waters Run Deep: Comparing Assertive and Suggestive Language in Water Conservation Campaigns journal March 2018
A MCDM Model for Urban Water Conservation Strategies Adapting Simos Procedure for Evaluating Alternatives Intra-criteria book January 2011
Water conservation campaigns and citizen perceptions: the drought of 2007–2008 in the Metropolitan Area of Barcelona journal October 2012
Local Response to Water Crisis: Explaining Variation in Usage Restrictions During a Texas Drought journal July 2016
Still Waters Run Deep: Comparing Assertive and Suggestive Language in Water Conservation Campaigns journal March 2018
Estimating the Determinants of Residential Water Demand in Italy journal September 2014