Analysis of Organophosphorus-Based Nerve Agent Degradation Products by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS): Current Derivatization Reactions in the Analytical Chemist’s Toolbox

Valdez, Carlos A.; Leif, Roald N.

doi:10.3390/molecules26154631

Title: Analysis of Organophosphorus-Based Nerve Agent Degradation Products by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS): Current Derivatization Reactions in the Analytical Chemist’s Toolbox

Journal Article · 30 July 2021 · Molecules

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26154631 · OSTI ID:1811565

; Leif, Roald N.

The field of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) in the analysis of chemical warfare agents (CWAs), specifically those involving the organophosphorus-based nerve agents (OPNAs), is a continually evolving and dynamic area of research. The ever-present interest in this field within analytical chemistry is driven by the constant threat posed by these lethal CWAs, highlighted by their use during the Tokyo subway attack in 1995, their deliberate use on civilians in Syria in 2013, and their use in the poisoning of Sergei and Yulia Skripal in Great Britain in 2018 and Alexei Navalny in 2020. These events coupled with their potential for mass destruction only serve to stress the importance of developing methods for their rapid and unambiguous detection. Although the direct detection of OPNAs is possible by GC-MS, in most instances, the analytical chemist must rely on the detection of the products arising from their degradation. To this end, derivatization reactions mainly in the form of silylations and alkylations employing a vast array of reagents have played a pivotal role in the efficient detection of these products that can be used retrospectively to identify the original OPNA.

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Research Organization:: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE; USDOE Office of Science (SC)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC52-07NA27344

OSTI ID:: 1811565

Report Number(s):: LLNL-JRNL-823194; PII: molecules26154631

Journal Information:: Molecules, Journal Name: Molecules Journal Issue: 15 Vol. 26; ISSN MOLEFW; ISSN 1420-3049

Publisher:: MDPI AGCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: Switzerland

Language:: English

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Analysis of chemical warfare agents by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry: methods for their direct detection and derivatization approaches for the analysis of their degradation products Valdez, Carlos A.; Leif, Roald N.; Hok, Saphon Reviews in Analytical Chemistry, Vol. 37, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1515/revac-2017-0007	journal	July 2017
Comparison of Strategies for the Determination of Sterol Sulfates via GC-MS Leading to a Novel Deconjugation-Derivatization Protocol Junker, Julia; Chong, Isabelle; Kamp, Frits Molecules, Vol. 24, Issue 13 https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24132353	journal	June 2019
Synthesis of the tetracyclic core of Illicium sesquiterpenes using an organocatalyzed asymmetric Robinson annulation Trzoss, Lynnie; Xu, Jing; Lacoske, Michelle H. Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry, Vol. 9 https://doi.org/10.3762/bjoc.9.126	journal	January 2013
Chemical warfare agents Ganesan, K.; Raza, Sk; Vijayaraghavan, R. Journal of Pharmacy and Bioallied Sciences, Vol. 2, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.4103/0975-7406.68498	journal	January 2010

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