DOE PAGES title logo U.S. Department of Energy
Office of Scientific and Technical Information

Title: Effect of Controlled Artificial Disorder on the Magnetic Properties of EuFe2(As1–xPx)2 Ferromagnetic Superconductor

Abstract

Static (DC) and dynamic (AC, at 14 MHz and 8 GHz) magnetic susceptibilities of single crystals of a ferromagnetic superconductor, EuFe 2 ( As 1 x P x ) 2 (x = 0.23), were measured in pristine state and after different doses of 2.5 MeV electron or 3.5 MeV proton irradiation. The superconducting transition temperature, T c ( H ) , shows an extraordinarily large decrease. It starts at T c ( H = 0 ) 24 K in the pristine sample for both AC and DC measurements, but moves to almost half of that value after moderate irradiation dose. Remarkably, after the irradiation not only T c moves significantly below the FM transition, its values differ drastically for measurements at different frequencies, ≈16 K in AC measurements and ≈12 K in a DC regime. We attribute such a large difference in T c to the appearance of the spontaneous internal magnetic field below the FM transition, so that the superconductivity develops directly into the mixed spontaneous vortex-antivortex state where the onset of diamagnetism is known to be frequency-dependent. We also examined the response to the applied DC magnetic fields and studied the annealing of irradiated samples, which almost completely restores the superconducting transition. Overall, our results suggest that in EuFe 2 ( As 1 x P x ) 2 superconductivity is affected by local-moment ferromagnetism mostly via the spontaneous internal magnetic fields induced by the FM subsystem. Another mechanism is revealed upon irradiation where magnetic defects created in ordered Eu 2 + lattice act as efficient pairbreakers leading to a significant T c reduction upon irradiation compared to other 122 compounds. On the other hand, the exchange interactions seem to be weakly screened by the superconducting phase leading to a modest increase of T m (less than 1 K) after the irradiation drives T c to below T m . Our results suggest that FM and SC phases coexist microscopically in the same volume.

Authors:
ORCiD logo [1]; ORCiD logo [2]; ORCiD logo [3]; ORCiD logo [1]; ORCiD logo [4]; ORCiD logo [5]; ORCiD logo [5]; ORCiD logo [4]; ORCiD logo [1]
  1. Ames Lab., and Iowa State Univ., Ames, IA (United States)
  2. Ecole Polytechnique, Palaiseau (France)
  3. Ames Lab., Ames, IA (United States)
  4. Politecnico di Torino (Italy); Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Torino (Italy)
  5. Univ. of Tokyo (Japan)
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Ames Lab., Ames, IA (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES). Materials Sciences & Engineering Division; Italian Ministry of Education, University and Research; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS)
OSTI Identifier:
1809236
Report Number(s):
IS-J-10,525
Journal ID: ISSN 1996-1944
Grant/Contract Number:  
AC02-07CH11358; 201785KWLE; 17H01141
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
Materials
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 14; Journal Issue: 12; Journal ID: ISSN 1996-1944
Publisher:
MDPI
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
36 MATERIALS SCIENCE; tunnel diode resonator (TDR); coplanar waveguide resonator (CPWR); iron-based superconductors (IBS)

Citation Formats

Ghimire, Sunil, Kończykowski, Marcin, Cho, Kyuil, Tanatar, Makariy A., Torsello, Daniele, Veshchunov, Ivan S., Tamegai, Tsuyoshi, Ghigo, Gianluca, and Prozorov, Ruslan. Effect of Controlled Artificial Disorder on the Magnetic Properties of EuFe2(As1–xPx)2 Ferromagnetic Superconductor. United States: N. p., 2021. Web. doi:10.3390/ma14123267.
Ghimire, Sunil, Kończykowski, Marcin, Cho, Kyuil, Tanatar, Makariy A., Torsello, Daniele, Veshchunov, Ivan S., Tamegai, Tsuyoshi, Ghigo, Gianluca, & Prozorov, Ruslan. Effect of Controlled Artificial Disorder on the Magnetic Properties of EuFe2(As1–xPx)2 Ferromagnetic Superconductor. United States. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14123267
Ghimire, Sunil, Kończykowski, Marcin, Cho, Kyuil, Tanatar, Makariy A., Torsello, Daniele, Veshchunov, Ivan S., Tamegai, Tsuyoshi, Ghigo, Gianluca, and Prozorov, Ruslan. Sun . "Effect of Controlled Artificial Disorder on the Magnetic Properties of EuFe2(As1–xPx)2 Ferromagnetic Superconductor". United States. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14123267. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1809236.
@article{osti_1809236,
title = {Effect of Controlled Artificial Disorder on the Magnetic Properties of EuFe2(As1–xPx)2 Ferromagnetic Superconductor},
author = {Ghimire, Sunil and Kończykowski, Marcin and Cho, Kyuil and Tanatar, Makariy A. and Torsello, Daniele and Veshchunov, Ivan S. and Tamegai, Tsuyoshi and Ghigo, Gianluca and Prozorov, Ruslan},
abstractNote = {Static (DC) and dynamic (AC, at 14 MHz and 8 GHz) magnetic susceptibilities of single crystals of a ferromagnetic superconductor, EuFe2(As1–xPx)2 (x = 0.23), were measured in pristine state and after different doses of 2.5 MeV electron or 3.5 MeV proton irradiation. The superconducting transition temperature, Tc(H), shows an extraordinarily large decrease. It starts at Tc(H=0)≈24K in the pristine sample for both AC and DC measurements, but moves to almost half of that value after moderate irradiation dose. Remarkably, after the irradiation not only Tc moves significantly below the FM transition, its values differ drastically for measurements at different frequencies, ≈16 K in AC measurements and ≈12 K in a DC regime. We attribute such a large difference in Tc to the appearance of the spontaneous internal magnetic field below the FM transition, so that the superconductivity develops directly into the mixed spontaneous vortex-antivortex state where the onset of diamagnetism is known to be frequency-dependent. We also examined the response to the applied DC magnetic fields and studied the annealing of irradiated samples, which almost completely restores the superconducting transition. Overall, our results suggest that in EuFe2(As1–xPx)2 superconductivity is affected by local-moment ferromagnetism mostly via the spontaneous internal magnetic fields induced by the FM subsystem. Another mechanism is revealed upon irradiation where magnetic defects created in ordered Eu2+ lattice act as efficient pairbreakers leading to a significant Tc reduction upon irradiation compared to other 122 compounds. On the other hand, the exchange interactions seem to be weakly screened by the superconducting phase leading to a modest increase of Tm (less than 1 K) after the irradiation drives Tc to below Tm. Our results suggest that FM and SC phases coexist microscopically in the same volume.},
doi = {10.3390/ma14123267},
journal = {Materials},
number = 12,
volume = 14,
place = {United States},
year = {Sun Jun 13 00:00:00 EDT 2021},
month = {Sun Jun 13 00:00:00 EDT 2021}
}

Works referenced in this record:

Anisotropic Superconducting and Magnetic Properties of a Single Crystal of Er Rh 4 B 4
journal, November 1982


Enhancement of superconducting transition temperature by pointlike disorder and anisotropic energy gap in FeSe single crystals
journal, August 2016


Microwave analysis of the interplay between magnetism and superconductivity in EuFe 2 ( As 1 x P x ) 2 single crystals
journal, November 2019


Superconductivity in the quaternary intermetallic compounds LnNi2B2C
journal, January 1994

  • Cava, R. J.; Takagi, H.; Zandbergen, H. W.
  • Nature, Vol. 367, Issue 6460
  • DOI: 10.1038/367252a0

Monte Carlo analysis of the oxygen knock-on effects induced by synchrotron x-ray radiation in the B i 2 S r 2 CaC u 2 O 8 + δ superconductor
journal, January 2018


Disorder-induced transition between s ± and s + + states in two-band superconductors
journal, November 2011


Evidence for Nodal Quasiparticles in Electron-Doped Cuprates from Penetration Depth Measurements
journal, October 2000


Effect of strong scattering on the low-temperature penetration depth of a d -wave superconductor
journal, August 1993


Pairing Mechanism in Fe-Based Superconductors
journal, March 2012


The Specific Heat and Superconductivity of La-Y Alloys
journal, July 1967

  • Satoh, Takeo; Ohtsuka, Taiichiro
  • Journal of the Physical Society of Japan, Vol. 23, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1143/JPSJ.23.9

Superconductivity in Pure La and La-Gd
journal, January 1965


Penetration depth of Ba 1 x K x Fe 2 As 2 single crystals explained within a multiband Eliashberg s ± approach
journal, July 2017


Precise measurements of radio-frequency magnetic susceptibility in ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic materials
journal, February 2008

  • Vannette, M. D.; Sefat, A. S.; Jia, S.
  • Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, Vol. 320, Issue 3-4
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.jmmm.2007.06.018

Interband coupling and nonmagnetic interband scattering in ± s superconductors
journal, June 2016


Manifesto for a higher Tc
journal, April 2011

  • Basov, D. N.; Chubukov, Andrey V.
  • Nature Physics, Vol. 7, Issue 4
  • DOI: 10.1038/nphys1975

Vortices in high-temperature superconductors
journal, October 1994


Destruction of superconductivity by magnetic ordering in Ho1.2Mo6S8
journal, July 1977


Effect of Electron Irradiation on Superconductivity in Single Crystals of Ba ( Fe 1 x Ru x ) 2 As 2 ( x = 0.24 )
journal, November 2014


Comprehensive Eliashberg analysis of microwave conductivity and penetration depth of K-, Co-, and P-substituted BaFe 2 As 2
journal, April 2019


Effects of proton irradiation on the magnetic superconductor EuFe 2 (As 1 −  x P x ) 2
journal, August 2020

  • Ghigo, G.; Torsello, D.; Gerbaldo, R.
  • Superconductor Science and Technology, Vol. 33, Issue 9
  • DOI: 10.1088/1361-6668/aba355

Twofold role of columnar defects in iron based superconductors
journal, August 2020

  • Torsello, D.; Gerbaldo, R.; Gozzelino, L.
  • Superconductor Science and Technology, Vol. 33, Issue 9
  • DOI: 10.1088/1361-6668/aba350

Magnetic relaxation in high-temperature superconductors
journal, July 1996


Effect of magnetic and nonmagnetic impurities on highly anisotropic superconductivity
journal, June 1997


Coexistence of superconductivity and ferromagnetism in P-doped EuFe 2 As 2
journal, January 2014


Eliashberg Analysis of the Electrodynamic Response of Ba(Fe1−xRhx)2As2 Across the s± to s++ Order Parameter Transition
journal, December 2019

  • Torsello, Daniele; Ummarino, Giovanni Alberto; Gerbaldo, Roberto
  • Journal of Superconductivity and Novel Magnetism
  • DOI: 10.1007/s10948-019-05368-2

London penetration depth and strong pair breaking in iron-based superconductors
journal, May 2010


Scaling laws for ion irradiation effects in iron-based superconductors
journal, March 2021


Intrinsic magnetic properties of the superconductor NdFeAsO 0.9 F 0.1 from local and global measurements
journal, March 2009


SRIM – The stopping and range of ions in matter (2010)
journal, June 2010

  • Ziegler, James F.; Ziegler, M. D.; Biersack, J. P.
  • Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms, Vol. 268, Issue 11-12
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.nimb.2010.02.091

Coexistence of ferromagnetism and superconductivity in ErRh4B4 and HoMo6S8: Exchange or electromagnetic mechanism?
journal, April 1982


Antiferromagnetic superconductors
journal, May 1986


Magnetic structure of the Eu 2 + moments in superconducting EuFe 2 ( As 1 x P x ) 2 with x = 0.19
journal, September 2014


High-temperature superconductivity in iron-based materials
journal, August 2010

  • Paglione, Johnpierre; Greene, Richard L.
  • Nature Physics, Vol. 6, Issue 9
  • DOI: 10.1038/nphys1759

Impact of Disorder on the Superconducting Phase Diagram in BaFe 2 (As 1− x P x ) 2
journal, August 2017

  • Mizukami, Yuta; Konczykowski, Marcin; Matsuura, Kohei
  • Journal of the Physical Society of Japan, Vol. 86, Issue 8
  • DOI: 10.7566/JPSJ.86.083706

Frequency dependence of the local ac magnetic response in type-II superconductors
journal, November 1995


Ferromagnetic superconductors
journal, January 2002


Domain Meissner state and spontaneous vortex-antivortex generation in the ferromagnetic superconductor EuFe 2 (As 0.79 P 0.21 ) 2
journal, July 2018

  • Stolyarov, Vasily S.; Veshchunov, Ivan S.; Grebenchuk, Sergey Yu.
  • Science Advances, Vol. 4, Issue 7
  • DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aat1061

Interplay of local-moment ferromagnetism and superconductivity in ErRh 4 B 4 single crystals
journal, March 2009


Disorder-induced topological change of the superconducting gap structure in iron pnictides
journal, November 2014

  • Mizukami, Y.; Konczykowski, M.; Kawamoto, Y.
  • Nature Communications, Vol. 5, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1038/ncomms6657

Interplay between superconductivity and magnetism
journal, October 1995


Gap symmetry and structure of Fe-based superconductors
journal, October 2011


Iron-based superconductors, seven years later
journal, June 2015

  • Chubukov, Andrey; Hirschfeld, Peter J.
  • Physics Today, Vol. 68, Issue 6
  • DOI: 10.1063/PT.3.2818

Self-induced magnetic flux structure in the magnetic superconductor RbEuFe 4 As 4
journal, April 2019


Vortex phase diagram of Ba ( Fe 0.93 Co 0.07 ) 2 As 2 single crystals
journal, December 2008


London penetration depth in iron-based superconductors
journal, September 2011


Nonmagnetic impurity effects and neutron scattering spectrum in iron pnictides
journal, November 2010


Superconductivity-driven helical magnetic structure in EuRbFe 4 As 4 ferromagnetic superconductor
journal, September 2019


Tuning the Intrinsic Anisotropy with Disorder in the Ca K Fe 4 As 4 Superconductor
journal, June 2020


Theory of Magnetic Domain Phases in Ferromagnetic Superconductors
journal, March 2019


Magnetic superconductors
journal, December 1984


Review of U-based Ferromagnetic Superconductors: Comparison between UGe 2 , URhGe, and UCoGe
journal, February 2019

  • Aoki, Dai; Ishida, Kenji; Flouquet, Jacques
  • Journal of the Physical Society of Japan, Vol. 88, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.7566/JPSJ.88.022001

Theory of dirty superconductors
journal, September 1959


Upper critical field of the pressure-induced superconductor EuFe 2 As 2
journal, March 2011


Coexistence of long-range magnetic order and superconductivity from Campbell penetration depth measurements
journal, January 2009


Enhancement of T c by disorder in underdoped iron pnictide superconductors
journal, April 2012


Orbital upper critical field of type-II superconductors with pair breaking
journal, July 2013


Symmetry-unprotected nodes or gap minima in the s + + state of monocrystalline FeSe
journal, October 2017


Robust s ± pairing in CaK ( Fe 1 x Ni x ) 4 As 4 ( x = 0 and 0.05) from the response to electron irradiation
journal, April 2018


Superconductivity Induced by Phosphorus Doping and Its Coexistence with Ferromagnetism in EuFe 2 ( As 0.7 P 0.3 ) 2
journal, April 2009


Critical temperature of an anisotropic superconductor containing both nonmagnetic and magnetic impurities
journal, October 1998


Ferromagnetic Superconductors
journal, December 1958


Magnetic detwinning and biquadratic magnetic interaction in Eu Fe 2 As 2 revealed by Eu 153 NMR
journal, November 2020


Impurity effects in d -wave superconductors
journal, March 1995


The superconductive critical temperature and the electronic specific heat of impur1e tin
journal, January 1957


Coexistence of superconductivity and magnetism theoretical predictions and experimental results
journal, January 1985


Superconductivity and ferromagnetism in hole-doped RbEuFe 4 As 4
journal, June 2016


Magnetism and superconductivity in rare earth–nickel–borocarbides
journal, January 2006


FeAs-Based Superconductivity: A Case Study of the Effects of Transition Metal Doping on BaFe 2 As 2
journal, August 2010


Using controlled disorder to distinguish s ± and s + + gap structure in Fe-based superconductors
journal, March 2013


Superconductivity under a ferromagnetic molecular field
journal, July 1984


Disorder, critical currents, and vortex pinning energies in isovalently substituted BaFe 2 (As 1 x P x ) 2
journal, March 2013


Measurements of the absolute value of the penetration depth in high-Tc superconductors using a low-Tc superconductive coating
journal, December 2000

  • Prozorov, R.; Giannetta, R. W.; Carrington, A.
  • Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 77, Issue 25
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.1328362

Electron irradiation effects on superconductivity in PdTe 2 : An application of a generalized Anderson theorem
journal, May 2020


Electronic nematicity revealed by torque magnetometry in Eu Fe 2 ( As 1 x P x ) 2
journal, March 2014


Quasiparticle scattering in 3 MeV proton irradiated BaFe 2 ( As 0 . 67 P 0 . 33 ) 2
journal, August 2018


Evaluation of effective threshold displacement energies and other data required for the calculation of advanced atomic displacement cross-sections
journal, September 2017


Effect of Impurities upon Critical Temperature of Anisotropic Superconductors
journal, July 1963


Interplay between superconductivity and itinerant magnetism in underdoped Ba1−xKxFe2As2 (x = 0.2) probed by the response to controlled point-like disorder
journal, July 2019

  • Prozorov, Ruslan; Kończykowski, Marcin; Tanatar, Makariy A.
  • npj Quantum Materials, Vol. 4, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1038/s41535-019-0171-2

Microscopic Theory of Magnetic Detwinning in Iron-Based Superconductors with Large-Spin Rare Earths
journal, January 2018


Electrodynamic response of Ba(Fe1−xRhx)2As2 across the s± to s++ order parameter transition
journal, July 2019

  • Torsello, Daniele; Gerbaldo, Roberto; Gozzelino, Laura
  • The European Physical Journal Special Topics, Vol. 228, Issue 3
  • DOI: 10.1140/epjst/e2019-800144-1

London penetration depth and pair breaking
journal, December 2013


Meissner-London state in superconductors of rectangular cross section in a perpendicular magnetic field
journal, July 2000


Power-law dependence of the ab -plane penetration depth in Nd 1.85 Ce 0.15 Cu O 4 y
journal, August 1996


Effective Demagnetizing Factors of Diamagnetic Samples of Various Shapes
journal, July 2018


Vortex creep and critical current densities in superconducting (Ba,K)Fe 2 As 2 single crystals
journal, July 2012


Analysis of the London penetration depth in Ni-doped CaKFe 4 As 4
journal, September 2019


Disorder-Driven Transition from s ± to s + + Superconducting Order Parameter in Proton Irradiated Ba ( Fe 1 x Rh x ) 2 As 2 Single Crystals
journal, September 2018


Using electron irradiation to probe iron-based superconductors
journal, May 2018

  • Cho, Kyuil; Kończykowski, M.; Teknowijoyo, S.
  • Superconductor Science and Technology, Vol. 31, Issue 6
  • DOI: 10.1088/1361-6668/aabfa8

The puzzle of high temperature superconductivity in layered iron pnictides and chalcogenides
journal, October 2010


EuFe 2 ( As 1 x P x ) 2 : Reentrant Spin Glass and Superconductivity
journal, June 2013