In situ observation of thermal-driven degradation and safety concerns of lithiated graphite anode

Liu, Xiang; Yin, Liang; Ren, Dongsheng; Wang, Li; Ren, Yang; Xu, Wenqian; Lapidus, Saul; Wang, Hewu; He, Xiangming; Chen, Zonghai; Xu, Gui-Liang; Ouyang, Minggao; Amine, Khalil

doi:10.1038/s41467-021-24404-1

Title: In situ observation of thermal-driven degradation and safety concerns of lithiated graphite anode

Journal Article · 09 July 2021 · Nature Communications

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-24404-1 · OSTI ID:1806587

; Yin, Liang; Ren, Dongsheng;

;

; Xu, Wenqian; Lapidus, Saul; Wang, Hewu;

;

Abstract Graphite, a robust host for reversible lithium storage, enabled the first commercially viable lithium-ion batteries. However, the thermal degradation pathway and the safety hazards of lithiated graphite remain elusive. Here, solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI) decomposition, lithium leaching, and gas release of the lithiated graphite anode during heating were examined by in situ synchrotron X-ray techniques and in situ mass spectroscopy. The source of flammable gas such as H ₂ was identified and quantitively analyzed. Also, the existence of highly reactive residual lithium on the graphite surface was identified at high temperatures. Our results emphasized the critical role of the SEI in anode thermal stability and uncovered the potential safety hazards of the flammable gases and leached lithium. The anode thermal degradation mechanism revealed in the present work will stimulate more efforts in the rational design of anodes to enable safe energy storage.

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Research Organization:: Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE; USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-06CH11357

OSTI ID:: 1806587

Journal Information:: Nature Communications, Journal Name: Nature Communications Journal Issue: 1 Vol. 12; ISSN 2041-1723

Publisher:: Nature Publishing GroupCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United Kingdom

Language:: English

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