Dissipation measures in weakly collisional plasmas

Pezzi, O.; Liang, H.; Juno, J. L.; Cassak, P. A.; Vásconez, C. L.; Sorriso-Valvo, L.; Perrone, D.; Servidio, S.; Roytershteyn, V.; TenBarge, J. M.; Matthaeus, W. H.

doi:10.1093/mnras/stab1516

Title: Dissipation measures in weakly collisional plasmas

Journal Article · 26 May 2021 · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stab1516 · OSTI ID:1804131

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Gran Sasso Science Institute, Viale F. Crispi 7, I-67100 L’Aquila, Italy, INFN/Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, I-67100 Assergi (AQ), Italy, Istituto per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Plasmi, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Amendola 122/D, I-70126 Bari, Italy
Center for Space Plasma and Aeronomic Research, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL 35899, USA
Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 54224, USA
Department of Physics and Astronomy and Center for KINETIC Plasma Physics, West Virginia University, WV 26506, USA
Departamento de Física, Escuela Politécnica Nacional, Ladrón de Guevara E11-253, 170525 Quito, Ecuador
Istituto per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Plasmi, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Amendola 122/D, I-70126 Bari, Italy, Swedish Institute of Space Physics, Ångström Laboratory, Lägerhyddsvägen 1, SE-751 21 Uppsala, Sweden
ASI – Italian Space Agency, via del Politecnico snc, I-00133 Rome, Italy
Dipartimento di Fisica, Università della Calabria, I-87036 Rende (CS), Italy
Space Science Institute, Boulder, CO 80301, USA
Department of Astrophysical Sciences, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
Bartol Research Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA

ABSTRACT The physical foundations of the dissipation of energy and the associated heating in weakly collisional plasmas are poorly understood. Here, we compare and contrast several measures that have been used to characterize energy dissipation and kinetic-scale conversion in plasmas by means of a suite of kinetic numerical simulations describing both magnetic reconnection and decaying plasma turbulence. We adopt three different numerical codes that can also include interparticle collisions: the fully kinetic particle-in-cell vpic, the fully kinetic continuum Gkeyll, and the Eulerian Hybrid Vlasov–Maxwell (HVM) code. We differentiate between (i) four energy-based parameters, whose definition is related to energy transfer in a fluid description of a plasma, and (ii) four distribution function-based parameters, requiring knowledge of the particle velocity distribution function. There is an overall agreement between the dissipation measures obtained in the PIC and continuum reconnection simulations, with slight differences due to the presence/absence of secondary islands in the two simulations. There are also many qualitative similarities between the signatures in the reconnection simulations and the self-consistent current sheets that form in turbulence, although the latter exhibits significant variations compared to the reconnection results. All the parameters confirm that dissipation occurs close to regions of intense magnetic stresses, thus exhibiting local correlation. The distribution function-based measures show a broader width compared to energy-based proxies, suggesting that energy transfer is co-localized at coherent structures, but can affect the particle distribution function in wider regions. The effect of interparticle collisions on these parameters is finally discussed.

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Research Organization:: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory (PPPL), Princeton, NJ (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: European Research Council (ERC); National Aeronautic and Space Administration (NASA); National Science Foundation (NSF); SNSA; USDOE

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-05CH11231; SC0019315; SC0020294

OSTI ID:: 1804131

Journal Information:: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Journal Name: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society Journal Issue: 4 Vol. 505; ISSN 0035-8711

Publisher:: Oxford University PressCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United Kingdom

Language:: English

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Pathways to Dissipation in Weakly Collisional Plasmas Matthaeus, William H.; Yang, Yan; Wan, Minping The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 891, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab6d6a	journal	March 2020
Measuring Collisionless Damping in Heliospheric Plasmas Using Field–Particle Correlations Klein, K. G.; Howes, G. G. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 826, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8205/826/2/L30	journal	July 2016
Energy Dissipation and Landau Damping in two- and Three-Dimensional Plasma Turbulence Li, Tak Chu; Howes, Gregory G.; Klein, Kristopher G. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 832, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8205/832/2/L24	journal	November 2016
In Situ Observation of Intermittent Dissipation at Kinetic Scales in the Earth's Magnetosheath Chasapis, Alexandros; Matthaeus, W. H.; Parashar, T. N. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 856, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/aaadf8	journal	March 2018
Dual Phase-space Cascades in 3D Hybrid-Vlasov–Maxwell Turbulence Cerri, S. S.; Kunz, M. W.; Califano, F. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 856, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/aab557	journal	March 2018
Coulomb Collisions as a Candidate for Temperature Anisotropy Constraints in the Solar Wind Vafin, S.; Riazantseva, M.; Pohl, M. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 871, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/aafb11	journal	January 2019
Energy release and conversion by reconnection in the magnetotail Birn, J.; Hesse, M. Annales Geophysicae, Vol. 23, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-23-3365-2005	journal	January 2005

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Title: Dissipation measures in weakly collisional plasmas

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