Sandblasting the r -process: Spallation of Ejecta from Neutron Star Mergers
Abstract
Neutron star mergers (NSMs) are rapid neutron-capture (r-process) nucleosynthesis sites that expel matter at high velocities, from 0.1c to as high as 0.6c. Nuclei ejected at these speeds are sufficiently energetic to initiate spallation nuclear reactions with interstellar medium (ISM) particles. We adopt a thick-target model for the propagation of high-speed heavy nuclei in the ISM, similar to the transport of cosmic rays. We find that spallation may create observable perturbations to NSM isotopic abundances, particularly around the low-mass edges of the r-process peaks where neighboring nuclei have very different abundances. The extent to which spallation modifies the final NSM isotopic yields depends on: (1) the ejected abundances, which are determined by the NSM astrophysical conditions and the properties of nuclei far from stability, (2) the ejecta velocity distribution and propagation in interstellar matter, and (3) the spallation cross sections. Observed solar and stellar r-process yields could thus constrain the velocity distribution of ejected neutron star matter, assuming NSMs are the dominant r-process source. We suggest avenues for future work, including measurement of relevant cross sections.
- Authors:
-
[1];
[5]
- Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States). Dept. of Physics; Univ. of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN (United States). Dept. of Physics
- Univ. of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL (United States). Dept. of Astronomy and Dept. of Physics
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM (United States). Center for Theoretical Astrophysics
- Univ. of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN (United States). Dept. of Physics; Los Alamos National Lab, Los Alamos, NM (United States)
- Univ. of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN (United States). Dept. of Physics
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Univ. of Notre Dame, IN (United States); Univ. of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN (United States); Triad National Security, LLC, Los Alamos, NM (United States); Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC)
- Contributing Org.:
- N3AS Collaboration
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1800838
- Grant/Contract Number:
- FG02-95ER40934; SC0018232; 89233218CNA000001; AC52-07NA27344
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- The Astrophysical Journal (Online)
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Name: The Astrophysical Journal (Online); Journal Volume: 893; Journal Issue: 2; Journal ID: ISSN 1538-4357
- Publisher:
- IOP Publishing
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS; Astronomy & Astrophysics; Cosmic rays; R-process; Nucleosynthesis; Nuclear reaction cross sections; Nuclear abundances; Compact binary stars
Citation Formats
Wang, Xilu, Fields, Brian D., Mumpower, Matthew, Sprouse, Trevor, Surman, Rebecca, and Vassh, Nicole. Sandblasting the r -process: Spallation of Ejecta from Neutron Star Mergers. United States: N. p., 2020.
Web. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ab7ffd.
Wang, Xilu, Fields, Brian D., Mumpower, Matthew, Sprouse, Trevor, Surman, Rebecca, & Vassh, Nicole. Sandblasting the r -process: Spallation of Ejecta from Neutron Star Mergers. United States. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab7ffd
Wang, Xilu, Fields, Brian D., Mumpower, Matthew, Sprouse, Trevor, Surman, Rebecca, and Vassh, Nicole. Mon .
"Sandblasting the r -process: Spallation of Ejecta from Neutron Star Mergers". United States. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab7ffd. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1800838.
@article{osti_1800838,
title = {Sandblasting the r -process: Spallation of Ejecta from Neutron Star Mergers},
author = {Wang, Xilu and Fields, Brian D. and Mumpower, Matthew and Sprouse, Trevor and Surman, Rebecca and Vassh, Nicole},
abstractNote = {Neutron star mergers (NSMs) are rapid neutron-capture (r-process) nucleosynthesis sites that expel matter at high velocities, from 0.1c to as high as 0.6c. Nuclei ejected at these speeds are sufficiently energetic to initiate spallation nuclear reactions with interstellar medium (ISM) particles. We adopt a thick-target model for the propagation of high-speed heavy nuclei in the ISM, similar to the transport of cosmic rays. We find that spallation may create observable perturbations to NSM isotopic abundances, particularly around the low-mass edges of the r-process peaks where neighboring nuclei have very different abundances. The extent to which spallation modifies the final NSM isotopic yields depends on: (1) the ejected abundances, which are determined by the NSM astrophysical conditions and the properties of nuclei far from stability, (2) the ejecta velocity distribution and propagation in interstellar matter, and (3) the spallation cross sections. Observed solar and stellar r-process yields could thus constrain the velocity distribution of ejected neutron star matter, assuming NSMs are the dominant r-process source. We suggest avenues for future work, including measurement of relevant cross sections.},
doi = {10.3847/1538-4357/ab7ffd},
journal = {The Astrophysical Journal (Online)},
number = 2,
volume = 893,
place = {United States},
year = {Mon Apr 20 00:00:00 EDT 2020},
month = {Mon Apr 20 00:00:00 EDT 2020}
}
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