Optical approaches for passive thermal management in c-Si photovoltaic modules

Slauch, Ian M.; Deceglie, Michael G.; Silverman, Timothy J.; Ferry, Vivian E.

doi:10.1016/j.xcrp.2021.100430

Title: Optical approaches for passive thermal management in c-Si photovoltaic modules

Abstract

Elevated operating temperatures of solar cells encapsulated in modules lead to reduced efficiency and module lifetime. Here, we provide a comprehensive overview of the challenges and opportunities for passive optical thermal management of PV modules based on the rejection of sub-band-gap light by idealized reflectors and scatterers applied at different interfaces within crystalline Si modules and discuss the limitations to performance at each interface. We find that the annual power-weighted average operating temperature is most readily reduced via sub-band-gap reflection from the module glass, by 3.3 K for Al-BSF modules and 2.9 K for PERC modules with 100% sub-band-gap reflection. Sub-band-gap reflection at the cell interface offers up to 2.2 K (1.8 K) temperature reduction for Al-BSF (PERC) modules, increased cell rear reflection offers up to 1.2 K temperature reduction, and directional scattering offers up to 1.5 K reduction.

Authors:: Slauch, Ian M.; Deceglie, Michael G.; Silverman, Timothy J.; Ferry, Vivian E.

Publication Date:: Sat May 01 00:00:00 EDT 2021

Research Org.:: Univ. of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN (United States); National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Renewable Power Office. Solar Energy Technologies Office; National Science Foundation (NSF)

OSTI Identifier:: 1788113

Alternate Identifier(s):: OSTI ID: 1785677; OSTI ID: 1788431

Report Number(s):: NREL/JA-5K00-78679
Journal ID: ISSN 2666-3864; S2666386421001259; 100430; PII: S2666386421001259

Grant/Contract Number:: EE0008542; AC36-08GO28308; DMR-2011401

Resource Type:: Published Article

Journal Name:: Cell Reports Physical Science

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Name: Cell Reports Physical Science Journal Volume: 2 Journal Issue: 5; Journal ID: ISSN 2666-3864

Publisher:: Elsevier

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 14 SOLAR ENERGY; solar energy; photovoltaics; spectrally selective structures; thermal management

Citation Formats


                    Slauch, Ian M., Deceglie, Michael G., Silverman, Timothy J., and Ferry, Vivian E. Optical approaches for passive thermal management in c-Si photovoltaic modules.  United States: N. p., 2021. 
Web.  doi:10.1016/j.xcrp.2021.100430.

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                    Slauch, Ian M., Deceglie, Michael G., Silverman, Timothy J., & Ferry, Vivian E. Optical approaches for passive thermal management in c-Si photovoltaic modules.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xcrp.2021.100430

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                    Slauch, Ian M., Deceglie, Michael G., Silverman, Timothy J., and Ferry, Vivian E. Sat .  
"Optical approaches for passive thermal management in c-Si photovoltaic modules".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xcrp.2021.100430.

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@article{osti_1788113,

  title        = {Optical approaches for passive thermal management in c-Si photovoltaic modules},

  author       = {Slauch, Ian M. and Deceglie, Michael G. and Silverman, Timothy J. and Ferry, Vivian E.},

  abstractNote = {Elevated operating temperatures of solar cells encapsulated in modules lead to reduced efficiency and module lifetime. Here, we provide a comprehensive overview of the challenges and opportunities for passive optical thermal management of PV modules based on the rejection of sub-band-gap light by idealized reflectors and scatterers applied at different interfaces within crystalline Si modules and discuss the limitations to performance at each interface. We find that the annual power-weighted average operating temperature is most readily reduced via sub-band-gap reflection from the module glass, by 3.3 K for Al-BSF modules and 2.9 K for PERC modules with 100% sub-band-gap reflection. Sub-band-gap reflection at the cell interface offers up to 2.2 K (1.8 K) temperature reduction for Al-BSF (PERC) modules, increased cell rear reflection offers up to 1.2 K temperature reduction, and directional scattering offers up to 1.5 K reduction.},

  doi          = {10.1016/j.xcrp.2021.100430},

  journal      = {Cell Reports Physical Science},

  number       = 5,

  volume       = 2,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Sat May 01 00:00:00 EDT 2021},

  month        = {Sat May 01 00:00:00 EDT 2021}

}

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Title: Optical approaches for passive thermal management in c-Si photovoltaic modules

Abstract

Citation Formats

Switchable directional scattering of electromagnetic radiation with subwavelength asymmetric silicon dimers journal, December 2015

Reducing Operating Temperature in Photovoltaic Modules journal, March 2018

Analysis and Optimization of the Bulk and Rear Recombination of Screen-Printed PERC Solar Cells journal, January 2012

All-dielectric optical nanoantennas journal, January 2012

Reflection of normally incident light from silicon solar cells with pyramidal texture journal, October 2010

Fano resonant all-dielectric core/shell nanoparticles with ultrahigh scattering directionality in the visible region journal, January 2016

Model for Characterization and Optimization of Spectrally Selective Structures to Reduce the Operating Temperature and Improve the Energy Yield of Photovoltaic Modules journal, April 2019

Optical model for multilayer glazing systems: Application to laminated glass and photovoltaic modules journal, February 2016

Electromagnetic scattering by magnetic spheres journal, January 1983

Experimental Demonstration of Tunable Directional Scattering of Visible Light from All-Dielectric Asymmetric Dimers journal, February 2017

Spectrally Selective Mirrors with Combined Optical and Thermal Benefit for Photovoltaic Module Thermal Management journal, January 2018

Optical behavior of textured silicon journal, February 1994

Determining the value of cooling in photovoltaics for enhanced energy yield journal, January 2018

Magnetic and electric coherence in forward- and back-scattered electromagnetic waves by a single dielectric subwavelength sphere journal, January 2012

Pathways for mitigating thermal losses in solar photovoltaics journal, September 2018

PV performance modelling: A review in the light of quality assurance for large PV plants journal, October 2017

Optically resonant magneto-electric cubic nanoantennas for ultra-directional light scattering journal, February 2015

Ultra-Broadband Directional Scattering by Colloidally Lithographed High-Index Mie Resonant Oligomers and Their Energy-Harvesting Applications journal, April 2018

Spectrally selective approaches for passive cooling of solar cells: A review journal, March 2020

Reduced Module Operating Temperature and Increased Yield of Modules With PERC Instead of Al-BSF Solar Cells journal, January 2017

Unidirectional scattering by nanoparticles near substrates: generalized Kerker conditions journal, January 2015

Parasitic absorption in the rear reflector of a silicon solar cell: Simulation and measurement of the sub-bandgap reflectance for common dielectric/metal reflectors journal, January 2014

A Comprehensive Photonic Approach for Solar Cell Cooling journal, March 2017

Optics-Based Approach to Thermal Management of Photovoltaics: Selective-Spectral and Radiative Cooling journal, March 2017

Advanced PERC and PERL production cells with 20.3% record efficiency for standard commercial p-type silicon wafers: Advanced PERC and PERL production cells journal, February 2012

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Optical and thermal modeling of a photovoltaic module and experimental evaluation of the modeling performance: Optical and Thermal Modeling of a Photovoltaic Module journal, October 2016

A practical optical and electrical model to estimate the power losses and quantification of different heat sources in silicon based PV modules journal, November 2018

Dual-band unidirectional forward scattering with all-dielectric hollow nanodisk in the visible journal, January 2018

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Directional control of scattering by all-dielectric core-shell spheres journal, January 2015

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Optimum Forward Light Scattering by Spherical and Spheroidal Dielectric Nanoparticles with High Refractive Index journal, June 2015

A generalized Kerker condition for highly directive nanoantennas journal, January 2015

Thermal management of solar photovoltaics modules for enhanced power generation journal, October 2015

Switchable directional scattering of electromagnetic radiation with subwavelength asymmetric silicon dimers
journal, December 2015

Reducing Operating Temperature in Photovoltaic Modules
journal, March 2018

Analysis and Optimization of the Bulk and Rear Recombination of Screen-Printed PERC Solar Cells
journal, January 2012

All-dielectric optical nanoantennas
journal, January 2012

Reflection of normally incident light from silicon solar cells with pyramidal texture
journal, October 2010

Fano resonant all-dielectric core/shell nanoparticles with ultrahigh scattering directionality in the visible region
journal, January 2016

Model for Characterization and Optimization of Spectrally Selective Structures to Reduce the Operating Temperature and Improve the Energy Yield of Photovoltaic Modules
journal, April 2019

Optical model for multilayer glazing systems: Application to laminated glass and photovoltaic modules
journal, February 2016

Electromagnetic scattering by magnetic spheres
journal, January 1983

Experimental Demonstration of Tunable Directional Scattering of Visible Light from All-Dielectric Asymmetric Dimers
journal, February 2017

Spectrally Selective Mirrors with Combined Optical and Thermal Benefit for Photovoltaic Module Thermal Management
journal, January 2018

Optical behavior of textured silicon
journal, February 1994

Determining the value of cooling in photovoltaics for enhanced energy yield
journal, January 2018

Magnetic and electric coherence in forward- and back-scattered electromagnetic waves by a single dielectric subwavelength sphere
journal, January 2012

Pathways for mitigating thermal losses in solar photovoltaics
journal, September 2018

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journal, October 2017

Optically resonant magneto-electric cubic nanoantennas for ultra-directional light scattering
journal, February 2015

Ultra-Broadband Directional Scattering by Colloidally Lithographed High-Index Mie Resonant Oligomers and Their Energy-Harvesting Applications
journal, April 2018

Spectrally selective approaches for passive cooling of solar cells: A review
journal, March 2020

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journal, January 2017

Unidirectional scattering by nanoparticles near substrates: generalized Kerker conditions
journal, January 2015

Parasitic absorption in the rear reflector of a silicon solar cell: Simulation and measurement of the sub-bandgap reflectance for common dielectric/metal reflectors
journal, January 2014

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journal, March 2017

Optics-Based Approach to Thermal Management of Photovoltaics: Selective-Spectral and Radiative Cooling
journal, March 2017

Advanced PERC and PERL production cells with 20.3% record efficiency for standard commercial p-type silicon wafers: Advanced PERC and PERL production cells
journal, February 2012

Directional visible light scattering by silicon nanoparticles
journal, February 2013

Light trapping properties of pyramidally textured surfaces
journal, July 1987

Optical and thermal modeling of a photovoltaic module and experimental evaluation of the modeling performance: Optical and Thermal Modeling of a Photovoltaic Module
journal, October 2016

A practical optical and electrical model to estimate the power losses and quantification of different heat sources in silicon based PV modules
journal, November 2018

Dual-band unidirectional forward scattering with all-dielectric hollow nanodisk in the visible
journal, January 2018

A Simple Approach to Modeling and Simulation of Photovoltaic Modules
journal, January 2012

Thermoelectrical Modeling of Wavelength Effects on Photovoltaic Module Performance—Part I: Model
journal, July 2013

Directional control of scattering by all-dielectric core-shell spheres
journal, January 2015

Forseeing energy photovoltaic output determination by a statistical model using real module temperature in the north east of France
journal, April 2018

The quest for magnetic plasmons at optical frequencies
journal, January 2009

Optimum Forward Light Scattering by Spherical and Spheroidal Dielectric Nanoparticles with High Refractive Index
journal, June 2015

A generalized Kerker condition for highly directive nanoantennas
journal, January 2015

Thermal management of solar photovoltaics modules for enhanced power generation
journal, October 2015