A Case for Electron-Astrophysics

Verscharen, Daniel; Wicks, Robert T.; Alexandrova, Olga; Bruno, Roberto; Burgess, David; Chen, Christopher H. K.; D’Amicis, Raffaella; De Keyser, Johan; de Wit, Thierry Dudok; Franci, Luca; He, Jiansen; Henri, Pierre; Kasahara, Satoshi; Khotyaintsev, Yuri; Klein, Kristopher G.; Lavraud, Benoit; Maruca, Bennett A.; Maksimovic, Milan; Plaschke, Ferdinand; Poedts, Stefaan; Reynolds, Christopher S.; Roberts, Owen; Sahraoui, Fouad; Saito, Shinji; Salem, Chadi S.; Saur, Joachim; Servidio, Sergio; Stawarz, Julia E.; Štverák, Štěpán; Told, Daniel

doi:10.1007/s10686-021-09761-5

Title: A Case for Electron-Astrophysics

Journal Article · 10 June 2021 · Experimental Astronomy

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10686-021-09761-5 · OSTI ID:1787886

; Wicks, Robert T.; Alexandrova, Olga; Bruno, Roberto; Burgess, David; Chen, Christopher H. K.; D’Amicis, Raffaella; De Keyser, Johan; de Wit, Thierry Dudok; Franci, Luca; He, Jiansen; Henri, Pierre; Kasahara, Satoshi; Khotyaintsev, Yuri; Klein, Kristopher G.; Lavraud, Benoit; Maruca, Bennett A.; Maksimovic, Milan; Plaschke, Ferdinand; Poedts, Stefaan more »

Abstract The smallest characteristic scales, at which electron dynamics determines the plasma behaviour, are the next frontier in space and astrophysical plasma research. The analysis of astrophysical processes at these scales lies at the heart of the research theme of electron-astrophysics. Electron scales are the ultimate bottleneck for dissipation of plasma turbulence, which is a fundamental process not understood in the electron-kinetic regime. In addition, plasma electrons often play an important role for the spatial transfer of thermal energy due to the high heat flux associated with their velocity distribution. The regulation of this electron heat flux is likewise not understood. By focussing on these and other fundamental electron processes, the research theme of electron-astrophysics links outstanding science questions of great importance to the fields of space physics, astrophysics, and laboratory plasma physics. In this White Paper, submitted to ESA in response to the Voyage 2050 call, we review a selection of these outstanding questions, discuss their importance, and present a roadmap for answering them through novel space-mission concepts.

View Journal Article

Cite

Export

Save

Research Organization:: Univ. of Arizona, Tucson, AZ (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA); Royal Society University Research Fellowship (URF); UK Research and Innovation (UKRI); USDOE; USDOE Office of Science (SC)

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0020132

OSTI ID:: 1787886

Journal Information:: Experimental Astronomy, Journal Name: Experimental Astronomy Journal Issue: 2-3 Vol. 54; ISSN 0922-6435

Publisher:: Springer Science + Business MediaCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: Netherlands

Language:: English

References (246)

Generation of temperature anisotropy for alpha particle velocity distributions in solar wind at 0.3 AU: Vlasov simulations and Helios observations Perrone, D.; Bourouaine, S.; Valentini, F. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, Vol. 119, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1002/2013JA019564	journal	April 2014
Ion bulk heating in magnetic reconnection exhausts at Earth's magnetopause: Dependence on the inflow Alfvén speed and magnetic shear angle: ION HEATING IN RECONNECTION Phan, T. D.; Drake, J. F.; Shay, M. A. Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 41, Issue 20 https://doi.org/10.1002/2014GL061547	journal	October 2014
How important are the alpha-proton relative drift and the electron heat flux for the proton heating of the solar wind in the inner heliosphere? Borovsky, Joseph E.; Gary, S. Peter Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, Vol. 119, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1002/2014JA019758	journal	July 2014
Large-amplitude electric fields associated with bursty bulk flow braking in the Earth's plasma sheet Ergun, R. E.; Goodrich, K. A.; Stawarz, J. E. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, Vol. 120, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1002/2014JA020165	journal	March 2015
Generation of high-frequency electric field activity by turbulence in the Earth's magnetotail Stawarz, J. E.; Ergun, R. E.; Goodrich, K. A. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, Vol. 120, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1002/2014JA020166	journal	March 2015
Whistler mode wave generation at the edges of a magnetic dip: Whisters at the edge of magnetic dip Zhima, Zeren; Cao, Jinbin; Fu, Huishan Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, Vol. 120, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1002/2014JA020786	journal	April 2015
The competition of electron and ion heating during magnetic reconnection: PARTITION OF HEATING IN RECONNECTION Haggerty, C. C.; Shay, M. A.; Drake, J. F. Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 42, Issue 22 https://doi.org/10.1002/2015GL065961	journal	November 2015
Electron trapping and acceleration by kinetic Alfven waves in the inner magnetosphere: NONLINEAR ELECTRON ACCELERATION BY KAW Artemyev, A. V.; Rankin, R.; Blanco, M. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, Vol. 120, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1002/2015JA021781	journal	December 2015
Ion-driven instabilities in the solar wind: Wind observations of 19 March 2005: ION-DRIVEN INSTABILITIES IN SOLAR WIND Gary, S. Peter; Jian, Lan K.; Broiles, Thomas W. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, Vol. 121, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1002/2015JA021935	journal	January 2016
Magnetospheric Multiscale observations of large-amplitude, parallel, electrostatic waves associated with magnetic reconnection at the magnetopause: Waves Associated With Reconnection Ergun, R. E.; Holmes, J. C.; Goodrich, K. A. Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 43, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1002/2016GL068992	journal	June 2016
Energetic electron acceleration observed by MMS in the vicinity of an X-line crossing: ENERGETIC ELECTRON ACCELERATION NEAR X-LINE Jaynes, A. N.; Turner, D. L.; Wilder, F. D. Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 43, Issue 14 https://doi.org/10.1002/2016GL069206	journal	July 2016
Observations of whistler mode waves with nonlinear parallel electric fields near the dayside magnetic reconnection separatrix by the Magnetospheric Multiscale mission: Nonlinear Whistlers on the Separatrix Wilder, F. D.; Ergun, R. E.; Goodrich, K. A. Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 43, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1002/2016GL069473	journal	June 2016
Estimates of terms in Ohm's law during an encounter with an electron diffusion region: ESTIMATES OF TERMS IN OHM'S LAW Torbert, R. B.; Burch, J. L.; Giles, B. L. Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 43, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1002/2016GL069553	journal	June 2016
Ion gyroradius effects on particle trapping in kinetic Alfvén waves along auroral field lines: PARTICLE TRAPPING IN KAWS Damiano, P. A.; Johnson, J. R.; Chaston, C. C. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, Vol. 121, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1002/2016JA022566	journal	November 2016
The evolution of solar wind strahl with heliospheric distance: HELIOSPHERIC STRAHL EVOLUTION Graham, G. A.; Rae, I. J.; Owen, C. J. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, Vol. 122, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1002/2016JA023656	journal	April 2017
Sunward Strahl: A Method to Unambiguously Determine Open Solar Flux from In Situ Spacecraft Measurements Using Suprathermal Electron Data: Sunward Strahl and Open Solar Flux Owens, M. J.; Lockwood, M.; Riley, P. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, Vol. 122, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1002/2017JA024631	journal	November 2017
MMS Observation of Asymmetric Reconnection Supported by 3-D Electron Pressure Divergence: OHM'S LAW FOR NEW MMS EDR EVENT Genestreti, K. J.; Varsani, A.; Burch, J. L. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics https://doi.org/10.1002/2017JA025019	journal	March 2018
Magnetic Reconnection, Turbulence, and Particle Acceleration: Observations in the Earth's Magnetotail Ergun, R. E.; Goodrich, K. A.; Wilder, F. D. Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 45, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1002/2018GL076993	journal	April 2018
Radiatively Inefficient Accretion Flow Models of Sgr A* Quataert, Eliot Astronomische Nachrichten, Vol. 324, Issue S1 https://doi.org/10.1002/asna.200385043	journal	September 2003
Electron bulk heating in magnetic reconnection at Earth's magnetopause: Dependence on the inflow Alfvén speed and magnetic shear: ELECTRON BULK HEATING IN RECONNECTION Phan, T. D.; Shay, M. A.; Gosling, J. T. Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 40, Issue 17 https://doi.org/10.1002/grl.50917	journal	September 2013
Turbulent heating and acceleration of He ⁺⁺ ions by spectra of Alfvén-cyclotron waves in the expanding solar wind: 1.5-D hybrid simulations: HE ⁺⁺ IONS IN THE EXPANDING SOLAR WIND Maneva, Y. G.; Viñas, A. F.; Ofman, L. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, Vol. 118, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1002/jgra.50363	journal	June 2013
A note on the solution of the saturation flux limited solar wind equations Roxburgh, Ian W. Solar Physics, Vol. 35, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00151970	journal	April 1974
Electromagnetic lower hybrid instability in the solar wind Lakhina, G. S. Astrophysics and Space Science, Vol. 111, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00649972	journal	April 1985
Latitudinal variations in the solar wind electron heat flux Scime, Earl E.; Bame, Samuel J.; Phillips, John L. Space Science Reviews, Vol. 72, Issue 1-2 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00768762	journal	April 1995
Large-Scale Variation of Solar Wind Electron Properties from Quasi-Thermal Noise Spectroscopy: Ulysses Measurements Le Chat, G.; Issautier, K.; Meyer-Vernet, N. Solar Physics, Vol. 271, Issue 1-2 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11207-011-9797-3	journal	July 2011
Solar Wind Electron Strahls Associated with a High-Latitude CME: Ulysses Observations Lazar, M.; Pomoell, J.; Poedts, S. Solar Physics, Vol. 289, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11207-014-0558-y	journal	June 2014
Solar Sources of Heliospheric Energetic Electron Events—Shocks or Flares? Kahler, S. W. Space Science Reviews, Vol. 129, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11214-007-9143-0	journal	March 2007
Solar Wind Electron Transport: Interplanetary Electric Field and Heat Conduction Pierrard, Viviane Space Science Reviews, Vol. 172, Issue 1-4 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11214-011-9743-6	journal	February 2011
Nonclassical Transport and Particle-Field Coupling: from Laboratory Plasmas to the Solar Wind Perrone, D.; Dendy, R. O.; Furno, I. Space Science Reviews, Vol. 178, Issue 2-4 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11214-013-9966-9	journal	March 2013
Supernova Remnants Interacting with Molecular Clouds: X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Signatures Slane, Patrick; Bykov, Andrei; Ellison, Donald C. Space Science Reviews, Vol. 188, Issue 1-4 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11214-014-0062-6	journal	July 2014
Partial Variance of Increments Method in Solar Wind Observations and Plasma Simulations Greco, A.; Matthaeus, W. H.; Perri, S. Space Science Reviews, Vol. 214, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11214-017-0435-8	journal	November 2017
Editorial to the Topical Collection on Clusters of Galaxies: Physics and Cosmology Bykov, A. M.; Kaastra, J. S.; Brüggen, M. Space Science Reviews, Vol. 215, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11214-019-0595-9	journal	April 2019
The multi-scale nature of the solar wind Verscharen, Daniel; Klein, Kristopher G.; Maruca, Bennett A. Living Reviews in Solar Physics, Vol. 16, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1007/s41116-019-0021-0	journal	December 2019
X-ray spectroscopy of cooling clusters Peterson, J. R.; Fabian, A. C. Physics Reports, Vol. 427, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physrep.2005.12.007	journal	April 2006
Turbulence: The Legacy of A. N. Kolmogorov Frisch, Uriel https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139170666	book	January 1996
Electrostatic heat flux instabilities Gary, S. Peter Journal of Plasma Physics, Vol. 20, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022377800021358	journal	August 1978
Phase mixing versus nonlinear advection in drift-kinetic plasma turbulence Schekochihin, A. A.; Parker, J. T.; Highcock, E. G. Journal of Plasma Physics, Vol. 82, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022377816000374	journal	April 2016
Recent progress in astrophysical plasma turbulence from solar wind observations Chen, C. H. K. Journal of Plasma Physics, Vol. 82, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022377816001124	journal	December 2016
Spatially localized particle energization by Landau damping in current sheets produced by strong Alfvén wave collisions Howes, Gregory G.; McCubbin, Andrew J.; Klein, Kristopher G. Journal of Plasma Physics, Vol. 84, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022377818000053	journal	January 2018
Self-inhibiting thermal conduction in a high-, whistler-unstable plasma Komarov, S.; Schekochihin, A. A.; Churazov, E. Journal of Plasma Physics, Vol. 84, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022377818000399	journal	June 2018
The electron heat flux in the polar solar wind: Ulysses observations Scime, Earl E.; Badeau, Allen E.; Littleton, J. E. Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 26, Issue 14 https://doi.org/10.1029/1999GL900503	journal	July 1999
Solar wind electrons: Parametric constraints Gary, S. Peter; Neagu, Elena; Skoug, Ruth M. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, Vol. 104, Issue A9 https://doi.org/10.1029/1999JA900244	journal	September 1999
Electron kinetic firehose instability Li, Xing; Habbal, Shadia Rifai Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, Vol. 105, Issue A12 https://doi.org/10.1029/2000JA000063	journal	December 2000
Solar cycle variations in the electron heat flux: Ulysses observations Scime, Earl E.; Littleton, J. E.; Gary, S. Peter Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 28, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1029/2001GL012925	journal	June 2001
Stochastic ion heating at the magnetopause due to kinetic Alfvén waves Johnson, Jay R.; Cheng, C. Z. Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 28, Issue 23 https://doi.org/10.1029/2001GL013509	journal	December 2001
Turn-on of 2–3 kHz radiation beyond the heliopause Cairns, Iver H. Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 29, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1029/2001GL014112	journal	January 2002
Determination of accurate solar wind electron parameters using particle detectors and radio wave receivers Salem, C.; Bosqued, J. -M.; Larson, D. E. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, Vol. 106, Issue A10 https://doi.org/10.1029/2001JA900031	journal	October 2001
Direct evidence for magnetic reconnection in the solar wind near 1 AU Gosling, J. T. Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 110, Issue A1 https://doi.org/10.1029/2004JA010809	journal	January 2005
Radial evolution of the electron distribution functions in the fast solar wind between 0.3 and 1.5 AU: EVOLUTION OF SOLAR WIND ELECTRON DISTRIBUTIONS Maksimovic, M.; Zouganelis, I.; Chaufray, J. -Y. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, Vol. 110, Issue A9 https://doi.org/10.1029/2005JA011119	journal	September 2005
Linear theory of electron temperature anisotropy instabilities: Whistler, mirror, and Weibel Gary, S. Peter; Karimabadi, Homa Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 111, Issue A11 https://doi.org/10.1029/2006JA011764	journal	January 2006
Whistler scattering of suprathermal electrons in the solar wind: Particle-in-cell simulations: WHISTLER SCATTERING OF SUPRATHERMAL ELECTRONS Saito, Shinji; Gary, S. Peter Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, Vol. 112, Issue A6 https://doi.org/10.1029/2006JA012216	journal	June 2007
Broadening of solar wind strahl pitch-angles by the electron/electron instability: Particle-in-cell simulations Gary, S. Peter; Saito, Shinji Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 34, Issue 14 https://doi.org/10.1029/2007GL030039	journal	January 2007
Electron temperature anisotropy constraints in the solar wind: ELECTRON TEMPERATURE ANISOTROPY IN SW Štverák, Štěpán; Trávníček, Pavel; Maksimovic, Milan Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, Vol. 113, Issue A3 https://doi.org/10.1029/2007JA012733	journal	March 2008
Intermittent MHD structures and classical discontinuities Greco, A.; Chuychai, P.; Matthaeus, W. H. Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 35, Issue 19 https://doi.org/10.1029/2008GL035454	journal	January 2008
Electron firehose instability: Kinetic linear theory and two-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations: ELECTRON FIREHOSE INSTABILITY Camporeale, Enrico; Burgess, David Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, Vol. 113, Issue A7 https://doi.org/10.1029/2008JA013043	journal	July 2008
Suprathermal electron evolution in a Parker spiral magnetic field: SUPRATHERMAL ELECTRON EVOLUTION Owens, M. J.; Crooker, N. U.; Schwadron, N. A. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, Vol. 113, Issue A11 https://doi.org/10.1029/2008JA013294	journal	November 2008
Radial evolution of nonthermal electron populations in the low-latitude solar wind: Helios, Cluster, and Ulysses Observations: NONTHERMAL ELECTRONS IN SOLAR WIND Štverák, Štěpán; Maksimovic, Milan; Trávníček, Pavel M. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, Vol. 114, Issue A5 https://doi.org/10.1029/2008JA013883	journal	May 2009
Correlations between the proton temperature anisotropy and transverse high-frequency waves in the solar wind: PROTON TEMPERATURE ANISOTROPY AND WAVES Bourouaine, Sofiane; Marsch, Eckart; Neubauer, Fritz M. Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 37, Issue 14 https://doi.org/10.1029/2010GL043697	journal	July 2010
Electron trapping and charge transport by large amplitude whistlers: ELECTRON TRAPPING BY WHISTLERS Kellogg, P. J.; Cattell, C. A.; Goetz, K. Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 37, Issue 20 https://doi.org/10.1029/2010GL044845	journal	October 2010
Statistical association of discontinuities and reconnection in magnetohydrodynamic turbulence: DISCONTINUITIES AND RECONNECTION IN MHD TURBULENCE Servidio, S.; Greco, A.; Matthaeus, W. H. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, Vol. 116, Issue A9 https://doi.org/10.1029/2011JA016569	journal	September 2011
The need to consider ion Bernstein waves as a dissipation channel of solar wind turbulence: ION BERNSTEIN WAVES IN SOLAR WIND TURBULENCE Podesta, John J. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, Vol. 117, Issue A7 https://doi.org/10.1029/2012JA017770	journal	July 2012
Guide Field Reconnection: Exhaust Structure and Heating Eastwood, J. P.; Mistry, R.; Phan, T. D. Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 45, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1029/2018GL077670	journal	May 2018
Kinetic Dissipation Around a Dipolarization Front Sitnov, M. I.; Merkin, V. G.; Roytershteyn, V. Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 45, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1029/2018GL077874	journal	May 2018
Solar wind Halo electrons from 1-4 AU McComas, D. J.; Bame, S. J.; Feldman, W. C. Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 19, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1029/92GL00631	journal	June 1992
Radial evolution of the solar wind from IMP 8 to Voyager 2 Richardson, John D.; Paularena, Karolen I.; Lazarus, Alan J. Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 22, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1029/94GL03273	journal	February 1995
The whistler heat flux instability: Threshold conditions in the solar wind Gary, S. Peter; Scime, Earl E.; Phillips, John L. Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 99, Issue A12 https://doi.org/10.1029/94JA02067	journal	January 1994
Regulation of the solar wind electron heat flux from 1 to 5 AU: Ulysses observations Scime, Earl E.; Bame, Samuel J.; Feldman, William C. Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 99, Issue A12 https://doi.org/10.1029/94JA02068	journal	January 1994
Solar wind radial and latitudinal structure: Electron density and core temperature from Ulysses thermal noise spectroscopy Issautier, Karine; Meyer-Vernet, Nicole; Moncuquet, Michel Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, Vol. 103, Issue A2 https://doi.org/10.1029/97JA02661	journal	February 1998
Electron heat flux instabilities in the solar wind Gary, S. Peter; Feldman, W. C.; Forslund, D. W. Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 2, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1029/GL002i003p00079	journal	March 1975
Lower hybrid waves in the solar wind Marsch, E.; Chang, T. Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 9, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1029/GL009i010p01155	journal	October 1982
Solar wind electrons: Vela 4 measurements Montgomery, Michael D.; Bame, S. J.; Hundhausen, A. J. Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 73, Issue 15 https://doi.org/10.1029/JA073i015p04999	journal	August 1968
Large-amplitude Alfvén waves in the interplanetary medium, 2 Belcher, J. W.; Davis, Leverett Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 76, Issue 16 https://doi.org/10.1029/JA076i016p03534	journal	June 1971
Kinetic models of the solar wind Lemaire, J.; Scherer, M. Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 76, Issue 31 https://doi.org/10.1029/JA076i031p07479	journal	November 1971
Solar wind electrons Feldman, W. C.; Asbridge, J. R.; Bame, S. J. Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 80, Issue 31 https://doi.org/10.1029/JA080i031p04181	journal	November 1975
Collisionless electron heat conduction in the solar wind Hollweg, Joseph V. Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 81, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1029/JA081i010p01649	journal	April 1976
Evidence for the regulation of solar wind heat flux at 1 AU Feldman, W. C.; Asbridge, J. R.; Bame, S. J. Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 81, Issue 28 https://doi.org/10.1029/JA081i028p05207	journal	October 1976
The core electron temperature profile between 0.5 and 1.0 AU in the steady-state high speed solar wind Feldman, W. C.; Asbridge, J. R.; Bame, S. J. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, Vol. 84, Issue A8 https://doi.org/10.1029/JA084iA08p04463	journal	August 1979
Quasi-thermal noise in a stable plasma at rest: Theory and observations from ISEE 3 Couturier, P.; Hoang, S.; Meyer-Vernet, N. Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 86, Issue A13 https://doi.org/10.1029/JA086iA13p11127	journal	January 1981
Solar wind helium ions: Observations of the Helios solar probes between 0.3 and 1 AU Marsch, E.; Mühlhäuser, K. -H.; Rosenbauer, H. Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 87, Issue A1 https://doi.org/10.1029/JA087iA01p00035	journal	January 1982
Acceleration of >47 keV Ions and >2 keV electrons by interplanetary shocks at 1 AU Tsurutani, B. T.; Lin, R. P. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, Vol. 90, Issue A1 https://doi.org/10.1029/JA090iA01p00001	journal	January 1985
Characteristics of electron velocity distribution functions in the solar wind derived from the Helios Plasma Experiment Pilipp, W. G.; Miggenrieder, H.; Montgomery, M. D. Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 92, Issue A2 https://doi.org/10.1029/JA092iA02p01075	journal	January 1987
Variations of electron distribution functions in the solar wind Pilipp, W. G.; Miggenrieder, H.; Mühlhäuser, K. -H. Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 92, Issue A2 https://doi.org/10.1029/JA092iA02p01103	journal	January 1987
Bidirectional solar wind electron heat flux events Gosling, J. T.; Baker, D. N.; Bame, S. J. Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 92, Issue A8 https://doi.org/10.1029/JA092iA08p08519	journal	January 1987
Electron/ion whistler instabilities and magnetic noise bursts Akimoto, K.; Gary, S. Peter; Omidi, N. Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 92, Issue A10 https://doi.org/10.1029/JA092iA10p11209	journal	January 1987
Tool kit for antennae and thermal noise near the plasma frequency Meyer-Vernet, Nicole; Perche, Claude Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 94, Issue A3 https://doi.org/10.1029/JA094iA03p02405	journal	January 1989
Cooling of solar wind electrons inside 0.3 AU Marsch, E.; Pilipp, W. G.; Thieme, K. M. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, Vol. 94, Issue A6 https://doi.org/10.1029/JA094iA06p06893	journal	June 1989
ISEE 3 observations of solar wind thermal electrons with T _⊥ > T _∥ Phillips, J. L.; Gosling, J. T.; McComas, D. J. Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 94, Issue A10 https://doi.org/10.1029/JA094iA10p13377	journal	January 1989
Large-scale variations of thermal electron parameters in the solar wind between 0.3 and 1 AU Pilipp, W. G.; Miggenrieder, H.; Mühläuser, K. -H. Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 95, Issue A5 https://doi.org/10.1029/JA095iA05p06305	journal	January 1990
Explorer 12 observations of solar cosmic rays and energetic storm particles after the solar flare of September 28, 1961 Bryant, D. A.; Cline, T. L.; Desai, U. D. Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 67, Issue 13 https://doi.org/10.1029/JZ067i013p04983	journal	December 1962
Electron acceleration from contracting magnetic islands during reconnection Drake, J. F.; Swisdak, M.; Che, H. Nature, Vol. 443, Issue 7111 https://doi.org/10.1038/nature05116	journal	October 2006
Evidence for electron Landau damping in space plasma turbulence Chen, C. H. K.; Klein, K. G.; Howes, G. G. Nature Communications, Vol. 10, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-08435-3	journal	February 2019
The case for electron re-acceleration at galaxy cluster shocks van Weeren, Reinout J.; Andrade-Santos, Felipe; Dawson, William A. Nature Astronomy, Vol. 1, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41550-016-0005	journal	January 2017
Electron acceleration by wave turbulence in a magnetized plasma Rigby, A.; Cruz, F.; Albertazzi, B. Nature Physics, Vol. 14, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41567-018-0059-2	journal	March 2018
Electron magnetic reconnection without ion coupling in Earth’s turbulent magnetosheath Phan, T. D.; Eastwood, J. P.; Shay, M. A. Nature, Vol. 557, Issue 7704 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-018-0091-5	journal	May 2018
Relative drifts and temperature anisotropies of protons and α particles in the expanding solar wind: 2.5D hybrid simulations Maneva, Y. G.; Ofman, L.; Viñas, A. Astronomy & Astrophysics, Vol. 578 https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201424401	journal	June 2015
Destabilizing effects of the suprathermal populations in the solar wind Lazar, M.; Poedts, S.; Fichtner, H. Astronomy & Astrophysics, Vol. 582 https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201526509	journal	October 2015
On the interpretation and applicability of κ -distributions Lazar, M.; Fichtner, H.; Yoon, P. H. Astronomy & Astrophysics, Vol. 589 https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201527593	journal	April 2016
Precision electron measurements in the solar wind at 1 au from NASA's Wind spacecraft Salem, C. S.; Pulupa, M.; Bale, S. D. Astronomy & Astrophysics https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202141816	journal	September 2022
Resonant electron firehose instability: Particle-in-cell simulations Gary, S. Peter; Nishimura, Kazumi Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 10, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1590982	journal	September 2003
Heating of a Confined Plasma by Oscillating Electromagnetic Fields Berger, J. M.; Newcomb, W. A.; Dawson, J. M. Physics of Fluids, Vol. 1, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1705888	journal	January 1958
Electrostatic Instabilities of a Uniform Non-Maxwellian Plasma Penrose, Oliver Physics of Fluids, Vol. 3, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1706024	journal	January 1960
On the existence of Weibel instability in a magnetized plasma. I. Parallel wave propagation Lazar, M.; Schlickeiser, R.; Poedts, S. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 16, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3072976	journal	January 2009
Quasi-thermal noise in space plasma: “kappa” distributions Le Chat, G.; Issautier, K.; Meyer-Vernet, N. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 16, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3243495	journal	October 2009
Experimental production and identification of electron temperature gradient modes Wei, X.; Sokolov, V.; Sen, A. K. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 17, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3381070	journal	April 2010
Effect of driving frequency on excitation of turbulence in a kinetic plasma Parashar, T. N.; Servidio, S.; Shay, M. A. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 18, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3630926	journal	September 2011
Theory of coupled whistler-electron temperature gradient mode in high beta plasma: Application to linear plasma device Singh, S. K.; Awasthi, L. M.; Singh, R. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 18, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3644468	journal	October 2011
Electron vortex magnetic holes: A nonlinear coherent plasma structure Haynes, Christopher T.; Burgess, David; Camporeale, Enrico Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 22, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4906356	journal	January 2015
A prospectus on kinetic heliophysics Howes, Gregory G. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 24, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4983993	journal	May 2017
Energy transfer, pressure tensor, and heating of kinetic plasma Yang, Yan; Matthaeus, William H.; Parashar, Tulasi N. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 24, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4990421	journal	July 2017
Beaming electromagnetic (or heat-flux) instabilities from the interplay with the electron temperature anisotropies Shaaban, S. M.; Lazar, M.; Yoon, P. H. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 25, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5042481	journal	August 2018
Transition from ion-coupled to electron-only reconnection: Basic physics and implications for plasma turbulence Sharma Pyakurel, P.; Shay, M. A.; Phan, T. D. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 26, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5090403	journal	August 2019
Coherent structure formation and magnetic field line reconnection in magnetohydrodynamic turbulence Carbone, V.; Veltri, P.; Mangeney, A. Physics of Fluids A: Fluid Dynamics, Vol. 2, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.857598	journal	August 1990
Turbulent magnetic reconnection Matthaeus, W. H.; Lamkin, S. L. Physics of Fluids, Vol. 29, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.866004	journal	January 1986
Electron temperature gradient driven turbulence Jenko, F.; Dorland, W.; Kotschenreuther, M. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 7, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.874014	journal	May 2000
Thermal disequilibration of ions and electrons by collisionless plasma turbulence Kawazura, Yohei; Barnes, Michael; Schekochihin, Alexander A. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 116, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1812491116	journal	December 2018
The evaporation of spherical clouds in a hot gas. I - Classical and saturated mass loss rates Cowie, L. L.; McKee, C. F. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 211 https://doi.org/10.1086/154911	journal	January 1977
Inhibition of electron thermal conduction by electromagnetic instabilities Levinson, Amir; Eichler, David The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 387 https://doi.org/10.1086/171072	journal	March 1992
Ion and electron suprathermal tail strengths in the transition region: Support for the velocity filtration model of the corona Scudder, Jack D. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 427 https://doi.org/10.1086/174155	journal	May 1994
Toward a theory of interstellar turbulence. 2: Strong alfvenic turbulence Goldreich, P.; Sridhar, S. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 438 https://doi.org/10.1086/175121	journal	January 1995
Whistler Heat Flux Instability at High Beta Gary, S. Peter; Li, Hui The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 529, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1086/308294	journal	February 2000
Criteria for Scaled Laboratory Simulations of Astrophysical MHD Phenomena Ryutov, D. D.; Drake, R. P.; Remington, B. A. The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, Vol. 127, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1086/313320	journal	April 2000
Models of Galaxy Clusters with Thermal Conduction Zakamska, Nadia L.; Narayan, Ramesh The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 582, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1086/344641	journal	January 2003
Electron Halo and Strahl Formation in the Solar Wind by Resonant Interaction with Whistler Waves Vocks, C.; Salem, C.; Lin, R. P. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 627, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1086/430119	journal	July 2005
Acceleration of Weakly Collisional Solar-Type Winds Zouganelis, I.; Meyer-Vernet, N.; Landi, S. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 626, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1086/431904	journal	June 2005
Characterization of Transitions in the Solar wind Parameters Perri, S.; Balogh, A. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 710, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/710/2/1286	journal	January 2010
Perpendicular ion Heating by Low-Frequency AlfvÉN-Wave Turbulence in the Solar wind Chandran, Benjamin D. G.; Li, Bo; Rogers, Barrett N. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 720, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/720/1/503	journal	August 2010
Possible Evidence of AlfvÉN-Cyclotron Waves in the Angle Distribution of Magnetic Helicity of Solar wind Turbulence He, Jiansen; Marsch, Eckart; Tu, Chuanyi The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 731, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/731/2/85	journal	March 2011
Detailed fit of “Critical Balance” Theory to Solar wind Turbulence Measurements Forman, Miriam A.; Wicks, Robert T.; Horbury, Timothy S. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 733, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/733/2/76	journal	May 2011
Magnetic Helicity Spectrum of Solar wind Fluctuations as a Function of the Angle with Respect to the Local mean Magnetic Field Podesta, J. J.; Gary, S. P. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 734, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/734/1/15	journal	May 2011
Effect of Differential flow of Alpha Particles on Proton Pressure Anisotropy Instabilities in the Solar wind Podesta, John J.; Gary, S. Peter The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 742, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/742/1/41	journal	November 2011
Using Synthetic Spacecraft data to Interpret Compressible Fluctuations in Solar wind Turbulence Klein, K. G.; Howes, G. G.; TenBarge, J. M. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 755, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/755/2/159	journal	August 2012
Vlasov Simulations of Multi-Ion Plasma Turbulence in the Solar wind Perrone, D.; Valentini, F.; Servidio, S. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 762, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/762/2/99	journal	December 2012
Statistical Analysis of Current Sheets in Three-Dimensional Magnetohydrodynamic Turbulence Zhdankin, Vladimir; Uzdensky, Dmitri A.; Perez, Jean C. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 771, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/771/2/124	journal	June 2013
Collisionless Damping at Electron Scales in Solar wind Turbulence TenBarge, J. M.; Howes, G. G.; Dorland, W. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 774, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/774/2/139	journal	August 2013
Physical Interpretation of the Angle-Dependent Magnetic Helicity Spectrum in the Solar Wind: the Nature of Turbulent Fluctuations near the Proton Gyroradius Scale Klein, Kristopher G.; Howes, Gregory G.; TenBarge, Jason M. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 785, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/785/2/138	journal	April 2014
ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES NEAR THE PROTON CYCLOTRON FREQUENCY: STEREO OBSERVATIONS Jian, L. K.; Wei, H. Y.; Russell, C. T. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 786, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/786/2/123	journal	April 2014
Plasma Dynamics Above Solar Flare soft X-Ray loop tops Doschek, G. A.; McKenzie, D. E.; Warren, H. P. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 788, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/788/1/26	journal	May 2014
WHISTLER MODE WAVES AND THE ELECTRON HEAT FLUX IN THE SOLAR WIND: CLUSTER OBSERVATIONS Lacombe, C.; Alexandrova, O.; Matteini, L. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 796, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/796/1/5	journal	October 2014
Dissipation of Parallel and Oblique AlfvÉN-Cyclotron Waves—Implications for Heating of Alpha Particles in the Solar wind Maneva, Y. G.; Viñas, Adolfo F.; Moya, Pablo S. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 814, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/814/1/33	journal	November 2015
Astrophysical Gyrokinetics: Kinetic and Fluid Turbulent Cascades in Magnetized Weakly Collisional Plasmas Schekochihin, A. A.; Cowley, S. C.; Dorland, W. The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, Vol. 182, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1088/0067-0049/182/1/310	journal	May 2009
Basic scalings for collisionless-shock experiments in a plasma without pre-imposed magnetic field Ryutov, D. D.; Kugland, N. L.; Park, H. S. Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion, Vol. 54, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1088/0741-3335/54/10/105021	journal	September 2012
Spontaneous emission of electromagnetic fluctuations in Kappa magnetized plasmas Kim, Sunjung; Schlickeiser, R.; Yoon, P. H. Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion, Vol. 59, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6587/aa8898	journal	October 2017
Low frequency electromagnetic fluctuations in Kappa magnetized plasmas Kim, Sunjung; Lazar, M.; Schlickeiser, R. Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion, Vol. 60, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6587/aac1e4	journal	May 2018
Differential kinetic dynamics and heating of ions in the turbulent solar wind Valentini, F.; Perrone, D.; Stabile, S. New Journal of Physics, Vol. 18, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/18/12/125001	journal	December 2016
Reconnection and small-scale fields in 2D-3V hybrid-kinetic driven turbulence simulations Cerri, S. S.; Califano, F. New Journal of Physics, Vol. 19, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/aa5c4a	journal	February 2017
Evidence for Inhomogeneous Heating in the Solar wind Osman, K. T.; Matthaeus, W. H.; Greco, A. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 727, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1088/2041-8205/727/1/L11	journal	December 2010
On the Relative Speed and Temperature Ratio of Solar wind Alpha Particles and Protons: Collisions Versus wave Effects Bourouaine, Sofiane; Marsch, Eckart; Neubauer, Fritz M. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 728, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1088/2041-8205/728/1/L3	journal	January 2011
Reconnection-Powered Linear Accelerator and Gamma-Ray Flares in the crab Nebula Uzdensky, Dmitri A.; Cerutti, Benoît; Begelman, Mitchell C. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 737, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1088/2041-8205/737/2/L40	journal	August 2011
The Slow-Mode Nature of Compressible wave Power in Solar wind Turbulence Howes, G. G.; Bale, S. D.; Klein, K. G. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 753, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1088/2041-8205/753/1/L19	journal	June 2012
Electron heat Conduction in the Solar Wind: Transition from Spitzer-HÄRm to the Collisionless Limit Bale, S. D.; Pulupa, M.; Salem, C. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 769, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1088/2041-8205/769/2/L22	journal	May 2013
Proton Kinetic Effects in Vlasov and Solar wind Turbulence Servidio, S.; Osman, K. T.; Valentini, F. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 781, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1088/2041-8205/781/2/L27	journal	January 2014
Thin Current Sheets and Associated Electron Heating in Turbulent Space Plasma Chasapis, A.; Retinò, A.; Sahraoui, F. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 804, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1088/2041-8205/804/1/L1	journal	April 2015
Electron and proton acceleration efficiency by merger shocks in galaxy clusters Vazza, F.; Eckert, D.; Brüggen, M. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 451, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stv1072	journal	June 2015
Electron thermodynamics in GRMHD simulations of low-luminosity black hole accretion Ressler, S. M.; Tchekhovskoy, A.; Quataert, E. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 454, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stv2084	journal	October 2015
Shear-induced pressure anisotropization and correlation with fluid vorticity in a low collisionality plasma Del Sarto, Daniele; Pegoraro, Francesco Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 475, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stx3083	journal	December 2017
The role of electron heating physics in images and variability of the Galactic Centre black hole Sagittarius A* Chael, Andrew; Rowan, Michael; Narayan, Ramesh Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 478, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/sty1261	journal	June 2018
Clarifying the solar wind heat flux instabilities Shaaban, S. M.; Lazar, M.; Poedts, S. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 480, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/sty1567	journal	June 2018
Scale dependence of energy transfer in turbulent plasma Yang, Yan; Wan, Minping; Matthaeus, William H. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 482, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/sty2977	journal	November 2018
Radial evolution of the solar wind in pure high-speed streams: HELIOS revised observations Perrone, Denise; Stansby, D.; Horbury, T. S. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 483, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/sty3348	journal	December 2018
Refined critical balance in strong Alfvénic turbulence Mallet, A.; Schekochihin, A. A.; Chandran, B. D. G. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society: Letters, Vol. 449, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1093/mnrasl/slv021	journal	March 2015
The Boltzmann equation an d the one-fluid hydromagnetic equations in the absence of particle collisions Chew, G. F.; Goldberger, M. L.; Low, F. E. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A. Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Vol. 236, Issue 1204, p. 112-118 https://doi.org/10.1098/rspa.1956.0116	journal	July 1956
Dissipation and heating in solar wind turbulence: from the macro to the micro and back again Kiyani, Khurom H.; Osman, Kareem T.; Chapman, Sandra C. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, Vol. 373, Issue 2041 https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2014.0155	journal	May 2015
Transport Phenomena in a Completely Ionized Gas Spitzer, Lyman; Härm, Richard Physical Review, Vol. 89, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRev.89.977	journal	March 1953
Structures in magnetohydrodynamic turbulence: Detection and scaling Uritsky, V. M.; Pouquet, A.; Rosenberg, D. Physical Review E, Vol. 82, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.82.056326	journal	November 2010
Pressure anisotropy and small spatial scales induced by velocity shear Del Sarto, D.; Pegoraro, F.; Califano, F. Physical Review E, Vol. 93, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.93.053203	journal	May 2016
Energy transfer channels and turbulence cascade in Vlasov-Maxwell turbulence Yang, Yan; Matthaeus, W. H.; Parashar, T. N. Physical Review E, Vol. 95, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.95.061201	journal	June 2017
Entropy of plasmas described with regularized κ distributions Fichtner, H.; Scherer, K.; Lazar, M. Physical Review E, Vol. 98, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.98.053205	journal	November 2018
Short-Scale Turbulent Fluctuations Driven by the Electron-Temperature Gradient in the National Spherical Torus Experiment Mazzucato, E.; Smith, D. R.; Bell, R. E. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 101, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.101.075001	journal	August 2008
Anisotropic Scaling of Magnetohydrodynamic Turbulence Horbury, Timothy S.; Forman, Miriam; Oughton, Sean Physical Review Letters, Vol. 101, Issue 17 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.101.175005	journal	October 2008
Hot Solar-Wind Helium: Direct Evidence for Local Heating by Alfvén-Cyclotron Dissipation Kasper, J. C.; Lazarus, A. J.; Gary, S. P. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 101, Issue 26 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.101.261103	journal	December 2008
Magnetic Reconnection in Two-Dimensional Magnetohydrodynamic Turbulence Servidio, S.; Matthaeus, W. H.; Shay, M. A. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 102, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.102.115003	journal	March 2009
Preferential Heating and Acceleration of α Particles by Alfvén-Cyclotron Waves Araneda, J. A.; Maneva, Y.; Marsch, E. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 102, Issue 17 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.102.175001	journal	April 2009
Universality of Solar-Wind Turbulent Spectrum from MHD to Electron Scales Alexandrova, O.; Saur, J.; Lacombe, C. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 103, Issue 16 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.103.165003	journal	October 2009
Anisotropy of Solar Wind Turbulence between Ion and Electron Scales Chen, C. H. K.; Horbury, T. S.; Schekochihin, A. A. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 104, Issue 25 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.104.255002	journal	June 2010
Three Dimensional Anisotropic k Spectra of Turbulence at Subproton Scales in the Solar Wind Sahraoui, F.; Goldstein, M. L.; Belmont, G. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 105, Issue 13 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.105.131101	journal	September 2010
Experimental Observation of Electron-Temperature-Gradient Turbulence in a Laboratory Plasma Mattoo, S. K.; Singh, S. K.; Awasthi, L. M. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 108, Issue 25 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.108.255007	journal	June 2012
Detection of Small-Scale Structures in the Dissipation Regime of Solar-Wind Turbulence Perri, S.; Goldstein, M. L.; Dorelli, J. C. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 109, Issue 19 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.109.191101	journal	November 2012
Energy Partition in Magnetic Reconnection in Earth’s Magnetotail Eastwood, J. P.; Phan, T. D.; Drake, J. F. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 110, Issue 22 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.225001	journal	May 2013
Nature of Subproton Scale Turbulence in the Solar Wind Chen, C. H. K.; Boldyrev, S.; Xia, Q. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 110, Issue 22 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.225002	journal	May 2013
Dynamics of Nonlinear Coupling between Electron-Temperature-Gradient Mode and Drift-Wave Mode in Linear Magnetized Plasmas Moon, Chanho; Kaneko, Toshiro; Hatakeyama, Rikizo Physical Review Letters, Vol. 111, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.111.115001	journal	September 2013
Comment on “Evidence of a Cascade and Dissipation of Solar-Wind Turbulence at the Electron Gyroscale” Alexandrova, O.; Bale, S. D.; Lacombe, C. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 111, Issue 14 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.111.149001	journal	October 2013
Collisional Relaxation of Fine Velocity Structures in Plasmas Pezzi, Oreste; Valentini, Francesco; Veltri, Pierluigi Physical Review Letters, Vol. 116, Issue 14 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.116.145001	journal	April 2016
Magnetospheric Multiscale Satellite Observations of Parallel Electron Acceleration in Magnetic Field Reconnection by Fermi Reflection from Time Domain Structures Mozer, F. S.; Agapitov, O. A.; Artemyev, A. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 116, Issue 14 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.116.145101	journal	April 2016
Magnetospheric Multiscale Satellites Observations of Parallel Electric Fields Associated with Magnetic Reconnection Ergun, R. E.; Goodrich, K. A.; Wilder, F. D. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 116, Issue 23 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.116.235102	journal	June 2016
Constraining Solar Wind Heating Processes by Kinetic Properties of Heavy Ions Tracy, Patrick J.; Kasper, Justin C.; Raines, Jim M. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 116, Issue 25 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.116.255101	journal	June 2016
Magnetospheric Multiscale Observation of Plasma Velocity-Space Cascade: Hermite Representation and Theory Servidio, S.; Chasapis, A.; Matthaeus, W. H. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 119, Issue 20 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.119.205101	journal	November 2017
Compressible Magnetohydrodynamic Turbulence in the Earth’s Magnetosheath: Estimation of the Energy Cascade Rate Using in situ Spacecraft Data Hadid, L. Z.; Sahraoui, F.; Galtier, S. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 120, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.120.055102	journal	January 2018
Direct Observation of Electron Distributions inside Millisecond Duration Electron Holes Mozer, F. S.; Agapitov, O. V.; Giles, B. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 121, Issue 13 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.121.135102	journal	September 2018
Turbulence-Driven Ion Beams in the Magnetospheric Kelvin-Helmholtz Instability Sorriso-Valvo, Luca; Catapano, Filomena; Retinò, Alessandro Physical Review Letters, Vol. 122, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.122.035102	journal	January 2019
Interplanetary Magnetic Field and the Auroral Zones Dungey, J. W. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 6, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.6.47	journal	January 1961
Electron Temperature Gradient Turbulence Dorland, W.; Jenko, F.; Kotschenreuther, M. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 85, Issue 26 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.85.5579	journal	December 2000
Prediction of Significant Tokamak Turbulence at Electron Gyroradius Scales Jenko, F.; Dorland, W. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 89, Issue 22 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.89.225001	journal	November 2002
Production of Energetic Electrons during Magnetic Reconnection Drake, J. F.; Shay, M. A.; Thongthai, W. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 94, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.94.095001	journal	March 2005
Spectrum of Magnetohydrodynamic Turbulence Boldyrev, Stanislav Physical Review Letters, Vol. 96, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.96.115002	journal	March 2006
EMC aspects of turbulence heating observer (THOR) spacecraft Soucek, J.; Ahlen, L.; Bale, S. 2016 ESA Workshop on Aerospace EMC (Aerospace EMC) https://doi.org/10.1109/AeroEMC.2016.7504544	conference	May 2016
Power and spectral index anisotropy of the entire inertial range of turbulence in the fast solar wind: Anisotropy of the entire inertial range Wicks, R. T.; Horbury, T. S.; Chen, C. H. K. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society: Letters, Vol. 407, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-3933.2010.00898.x	journal	July 2010
In Situ Observations of Interstellar Plasma with Voyager 1 Gurnett, D. A.; Kurth, W. S.; Burlaga, L. F. Science, Vol. 341, Issue 6153 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1241681	journal	September 2013
Electron-scale measurements of magnetic reconnection in space Burch, J. L.; Torbert, R. B.; Phan, T. D. Science, Vol. 352, Issue 6290 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aaf2939	journal	May 2016
Electron-scale dynamics of the diffusion region during symmetric magnetic reconnection in space Torbert, R. B.; Burch, J. L.; Phan, T. D. Science, Vol. 362, Issue 6421 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aat2998	journal	November 2018
Analysis of intermittent heating in a multi-component turbulent plasma Perrone, Denise; Valentini, Francesco; Servidio, Sergio The European Physical Journal D, Vol. 68, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1140/epjd/e2014-50152-1	journal	July 2014
Cooling Flows in Clusters of Galaxies Fabian, A. C. Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Vol. 32, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.aa.32.090194.001425	journal	September 1994
Regularized κ -distributions with non-diverging moments Scherer, K.; Fichtner, H.; Lazar, M. EPL (Europhysics Letters), Vol. 120, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1209/0295-5075/120/50002	journal	December 2017
Electron-Temperature-Gradient Instability of ObliquelyPropagating Whistlers Jovanovi?, D.; Simi?, A. Physica Scripta https://doi.org/10.1238/Physica.Topical.113a00045	journal	January 2004
Kinetic Physics of the Solar Corona and Solar Wind Marsch, Eckart Living Reviews in Solar Physics, Vol. 3 https://doi.org/10.12942/lrsp-2006-1	journal	January 2006
The Solar Wind as a Turbulence Laboratory Bruno, Roberto; Carbone, Vincenzo Living Reviews in Solar Physics, Vol. 10 https://doi.org/10.12942/lrsp-2013-2	journal	January 2013
Whistler Turbulence Heating of Electrons and Ions: Three-Dimensional Particle-In-Cell Simulations Gary, S. Peter; Hughes, R. Scott; Wang, Joseph The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 816, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/0004-637X/816/2/102	journal	January 2016
A Proton-Cyclotron wave Storm Generated by Unstable Proton Distribution Functions in the Solar wind Wicks, R. T.; Alexander, R. L.; Stevens, M. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 819, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/0004-637X/819/1/6	journal	February 2016
Evolution of the Proton Velocity Distribution due to Stochastic Heating in the Near-Sun Solar wind Klein, Kristopher G.; Chandran, Benjamin D. G. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 820, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/0004-637X/820/1/47	journal	March 2016
Pic Simulations of the Effect of Velocity Space Instabilities on Electron Viscosity and Thermal Conduction Riquelme, Mario A.; Quataert, Eliot; Verscharen, Daniel The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 824, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/0004-637X/824/2/123	journal	June 2016
Compressive Coherent Structures at ion Scales in the slow Solar wind Perrone, D.; Alexandrova, O.; Mangeney, A. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 826, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/0004-637X/826/2/196	journal	July 2016
Revised Model of the Steady-State Solar wind halo Electron Velocity Distribution Function Yoon, Peter H.; Kim, Sunjung; Choe, G. S. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 826, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/0004-637X/826/2/204	journal	August 2016
Suprathermal Solar wind Electrons and Langmuir Turbulence Kim, Sunjung; Yoon, Peter H.; Choe, G. S. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 828, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/0004-637X/828/1/60	journal	August 2016
Propinquity of Current and Vortex Structures: Effects on Collisionless Plasma Heating Parashar, Tulasi N.; Matthaeus, William H. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 832, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/0004-637X/832/1/57	journal	November 2016
A Model for Dissipation of Solar Wind Magnetic Turbulence by Kinetic Alfvén Waves at Electron Scales: Comparison with Observations Schreiner, Anne; Saur, Joachim The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 835, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/835/2/133	journal	January 2017
Electron Heating at Kinetic Scales in Magnetosheath Turbulence Chasapis, Alexandros; Matthaeus, W. H.; Parashar, T. N. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 836, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/836/2/247	journal	February 2017
On Kinetic Slow Modes, Fluid Slow Modes, and Pressure-balanced Structures in the Solar Wind Verscharen, Daniel; Chen, Christopher H. K.; Wicks, Robert T. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 840, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aa6a56	journal	May 2017
Nature of Kinetic Scale Turbulence in the Earth's Magnetosheath Chen, C. H. K.; Boldyrev, S. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 842, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aa74e0	journal	June 2017
Coherent Structures at Ion Scales in Fast Solar Wind: Cluster Observations Perrone, D.; Alexandrova, O.; Roberts, O. W. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 849, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aa9022	journal	October 2017
Variability of the Magnetic Field Power Spectrum in the Solar Wind at Electron Scales Roberts, Owen Wyn; Alexandrova, O.; Kajdič, P. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 850, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aa93e5	journal	November 2017
The Strongest Acceleration of >40 keV Electrons by ICME-driven Shocks at 1 au Yang, Liu; Wang, Linghua; Li, Gang The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 853, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aaa245	journal	January 2018
PIC Simulations of Velocity-space Instabilities in a Decreasing Magnetic Field: Viscosity and Thermal Conduction Riquelme, Mario; Quataert, Eliot; Verscharen, Daniel The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 854, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aaa6d1	journal	February 2018
The Role of Proton Cyclotron Resonance as a Dissipation Mechanism in Solar Wind Turbulence: A Statistical Study at Ion-kinetic Scales Woodham, Lloyd D.; Wicks, Robert T.; Verscharen, Daniel The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 856, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aab03d	journal	March 2018
Observations of Whistler Waves Correlated with Electron-scale Coherent Structures in the Magnetosheath Turbulent Plasma Huang, S. Y.; Sahraoui, F.; Yuan, Z. G. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 861, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aac831	journal	June 2018
Solar Wind Turbulence Studies Using MMS Fast Plasma Investigation Data Bandyopadhyay, Riddhi; Chasapis, A.; Chhiber, R. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 866, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aade93	journal	October 2018
Wave Generation and Heat Flux Suppression in Astrophysical Plasma Systems Roberg-Clark, G. T.; Drake, J. F.; Swisdak, M. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 867, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aae393	journal	November 2018
Modified κ -distribution of Solar Wind Electrons and Steady-state Langmuir Turbulence Yoon, P. H.; Lazar, M.; Scherer, K. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 868, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aaeb94	journal	December 2018
Scale-dependent Polarization of Solar Wind Velocity Fluctuations at the Inertial and Kinetic Scales Šafránková, Jana; Němeček, Zdeněk; Němec, František The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 870, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aaf239	journal	January 2019
Electron Acceleration by ICME-driven Shocks at 1 au Yang, Liu; Wang, Linghua; Li, Gang The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 875, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab1133	journal	April 2019
Nonlinear Evolution of the Whistler Heat Flux Instability Kuzichev, Ilya V.; Vasko, Ivan Y.; Soto-Chavez, Angel Rualdo The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 882, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab3290	journal	September 2019
Self-induced Scattering of Strahl Electrons in the Solar Wind Verscharen, Daniel; Chandran, Benjamin D. G.; Jeong, Seong-Yeop The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 886, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab4c30	journal	November 2019
Proton–Proton Collisions in the Turbulent Solar Wind: Hybrid Boltzmann–Maxwell Simulations Pezzi, O.; Perrone, D.; Servidio, S. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 887, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab5285	journal	December 2019
The Complex Structure of Magnetic Field Discontinuities in the Turbulent Solar wind Greco, A.; Perri, S.; Servidio, S. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 823, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8205/823/2/L39	journal	June 2016
Turbulence and Proton–Electron Heating in Kinetic Plasma Matthaeus, William H.; Parashar, Tulasi N.; Wan, Minping The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 827, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8205/827/1/L7	journal	August 2016
The Dynamical Generation of Current Sheets in Astrophysical Plasma Turbulence Howes, Gregory G. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 827, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8205/827/2/L28	journal	August 2016
SUPPRESSION OF ELECTRON THERMAL CONDUCTION IN THE HIGH β INTRACLUSTER MEDIUM OF GALAXY CLUSTERS Roberg-Clark, G. T.; Drake, J. F.; Reynolds, C. S. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 830, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8205/830/1/L9	journal	October 2016
Kinetic Cascade in Solar-wind Turbulence: 3D3V Hybrid-kinetic Simulations with Electron Inertia Cerri, Silvio Sergio; Servidio, Sergio; Califano, Francesco The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 846, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/aa87b0	journal	September 2017
Magnetic Pumping as a Source of Particle Heating and Power-law Distributions in the Solar Wind Lichko, E.; Egedal, J.; Daughton, W. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 850, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/aa9a33	journal	November 2017
In Situ Observation of Intermittent Dissipation at Kinetic Scales in the Earth's Magnetosheath Chasapis, Alexandros; Matthaeus, W. H.; Parashar, T. N. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 856, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/aaadf8	journal	March 2018
Dual Phase-space Cascades in 3D Hybrid-Vlasov–Maxwell Turbulence Cerri, S. S.; Kunz, M. W.; Califano, F. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 856, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/aab557	journal	March 2018
Dependence of Kinetic Plasma Turbulence on Plasma β Parashar, Tulasi N.; Matthaeus, William H.; Shay, Michael A. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 864, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/aadb8b	journal	August 2018
Suprathermal Spontaneous Emissions in κ -distributed Plasmas Lazar, M.; Kim, S.; López, R. A. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 868, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/aaefec	journal	November 2018
Whistler Wave Generation by Halo Electrons in the Solar Wind Tong, Yuguang; Vasko, Ivan Y.; Pulupa, Marc The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 870, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/aaf734	journal	January 2019
Whistler Fan Instability Driven by Strahl Electrons in the Solar Wind Vasko, I. Y.; Krasnoselskikh, V.; Tong, Y. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 871, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/ab01bd	journal	January 2019
First M87 Event Horizon Telescope Results. I. The Shadow of the Supermassive Black Hole Akiyama, Kazunori; Alberdi, Antxon; Alef, Walter The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 875, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/ab0ec7	journal	April 2019
Properties of the Turbulence Associated with Electron-only Magnetic Reconnection in Earth’s Magnetosheath Stawarz, J. E.; Eastwood, J. P.; Phan, T. D. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 877, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/ab21c8	journal	June 2019
Stability of the strahl electron distribution function and its dynamics Shevchenko, V. I.; Galinsky, V. L. Nonlinear Processes in Geophysics, Vol. 17, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.5194/npg-17-593-2010	journal	January 2010

Similar Records

Inertial range turbulence in kinetic plasmas

Journal Article · 2008 · Physics of Plasmas · OSTI ID:21120348

Howes, Gregory G

Relativistic Magnetic Reconnection in Astrophysical Plasmas: A Powerful Mechanism of Nonthermal Emission

Journal Article · 2025 · Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics · OSTI ID:3021913

Sironi, Lorenzo; Uzdensky, Dmitri A.; Giannios, Dimitrios

Workshop Summary: Fundamental Neutron Physics in the United States: An Opportunity in Nuclear, Particle, and Astrophysics for the Next Decade

Conference · 2001 · OSTI ID:786480

Greene, G

Related Subjects

79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Electrons. Voyage 2050
plasma astrophysics
solar wind
space missions
space plasma

Title: A Case for Electron-Astrophysics

Citation Formats

References (246)

Similar Records

Related Subjects