Sub-nanometer confinement enables facile condensation of gas electrolyte for low-temperature batteries

Cai, Guorui; Yin, Yijie; Xia, Dawei; Chen, Amanda A.; Holoubek, John; Scharf, Jonathan; Yang, Yangyuchen; Koh, Ki Hwan; Li, Mingqian; Davies, Daniel M.; Mayer, Matthew; Han, Tae Hee; Meng, Ying Shirley; Pascal, Tod A.; Chen, Zheng

doi:10.1038/s41467-021-23603-0

Title: Sub-nanometer confinement enables facile condensation of gas electrolyte for low-temperature batteries

Journal Article · 07 June 2021 · Nature Communications

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-23603-0 · OSTI ID:1786834

Cai, Guorui; Yin, Yijie; Xia, Dawei;

; Holoubek, John; Scharf, Jonathan; Yang, Yangyuchen; Koh, Ki Hwan; Li, Mingqian; Davies, Daniel M.; Mayer, Matthew;

; Meng, Ying Shirley;

;

Abstract Confining molecules in the nanoscale environment can lead to dramatic changes of their physical and chemical properties, which opens possibilities for new applications. There is a growing interest in liquefied gas electrolytes for electrochemical devices operating at low temperatures due to their low melting point. However, their high vapor pressure still poses potential safety concerns for practical usages. Herein, we report facile capillary condensation of gas electrolyte by strong confinement in sub-nanometer pores of metal-organic framework (MOF). By designing MOF-polymer membranes (MPMs) that present dense and continuous micropore (~0.8 nm) networks, we show significant uptake of hydrofluorocarbon molecules in MOF pores at pressure lower than the bulk counterpart. This unique property enables lithium/fluorinated graphite batteries with MPM-based electrolytes to deliver a significantly higher capacity than those with commercial separator membranes (~500 mAh g ⁻¹ vs. <0.03 mAh g ⁻¹ ) at −40 °C under reduced pressure of the electrolyte.

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Sponsoring Organization:: National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA); National Institute of General Medical Sciences; National Science Foundation (NSF); USDOE; USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES). Scientific User Facilities Division

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-05CH11231

OSTI ID:: 1786834

Journal Information:: Nature Communications, Journal Name: Nature Communications Journal Issue: 1 Vol. 12; ISSN 2041-1723

Publisher:: Nature Publishing GroupCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United Kingdom

Language:: English

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37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
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Title: Sub-nanometer confinement enables facile condensation of gas electrolyte for low-temperature batteries

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