Absence of a Dirac gap in ferromagnetic Crx(Bi0.1Sb0.9)2-xTe3
Abstract
Magnetism breaks the time-reversal symmetry expected to open a Dirac gap in 3D topological insulators that consequently leads to the quantum anomalous Hall effect. The most common approach of inducing a ferromagnetic state is by doping magnetic 3d elements into the bulk of 3D topological insulators. In Cr0.15(Bi0.1Sb0.9)1.85Te3, the material where the quantum anomalous Hall effect was initially discovered at temperatures much lower than the ferromagnetic transition, TC, the scanning tunneling microscopy studies have reported a large Dirac gap of ~20–100 meV. The discrepancy between the low temperature of quantum anomalous Hall effect (<C) and large spectroscopic Dirac gaps (>>TC) found in magnetic topological insulators remains puzzling. Here, we used angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy to study the surface electronic structure of the pristine and potassium doped surface of Cr0.15(Bi0.1Sb0.9)1.85Te3. Upon potassium deposition, the p-type surface state of the pristine sample was turned into an n-type, allowing the spectroscopic observation of Dirac point. Finally, we find a gapless surface state, with no evidence of a large Dirac gap reported in tunneling studies.
- Authors:
-
[1];
[1]
- Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)
- Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States). Advanced Light Source (ALS)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1781515
- Alternate Identifier(s):
- OSTI ID: 1767327
- Report Number(s):
- BNL-221357-2021-JAAM
Journal ID: ISSN 0021-8979; TRN: US2209920
- Grant/Contract Number:
- SC0012704; AC02-05CH11231
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Journal of Applied Physics
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 129; Journal Issue: 8; Journal ID: ISSN 0021-8979
- Publisher:
- American Institute of Physics (AIP)
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND SUPERFLUIDITY; topological materials and devices
Citation Formats
Kim, Chung Koo, Denlinger, Jonathan D., Kundu, Asish K., Gu, Genda, and Valla, Tonica. Absence of a Dirac gap in ferromagnetic Crx(Bi0.1Sb0.9)2-xTe3. United States: N. p., 2021.
Web. doi:10.1063/5.0039059.
Kim, Chung Koo, Denlinger, Jonathan D., Kundu, Asish K., Gu, Genda, & Valla, Tonica. Absence of a Dirac gap in ferromagnetic Crx(Bi0.1Sb0.9)2-xTe3. United States. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0039059
Kim, Chung Koo, Denlinger, Jonathan D., Kundu, Asish K., Gu, Genda, and Valla, Tonica. Wed .
"Absence of a Dirac gap in ferromagnetic Crx(Bi0.1Sb0.9)2-xTe3". United States. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0039059. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1781515.
@article{osti_1781515,
title = {Absence of a Dirac gap in ferromagnetic Crx(Bi0.1Sb0.9)2-xTe3},
author = {Kim, Chung Koo and Denlinger, Jonathan D. and Kundu, Asish K. and Gu, Genda and Valla, Tonica},
abstractNote = {Magnetism breaks the time-reversal symmetry expected to open a Dirac gap in 3D topological insulators that consequently leads to the quantum anomalous Hall effect. The most common approach of inducing a ferromagnetic state is by doping magnetic 3d elements into the bulk of 3D topological insulators. In Cr0.15(Bi0.1Sb0.9)1.85Te3, the material where the quantum anomalous Hall effect was initially discovered at temperatures much lower than the ferromagnetic transition, TC, the scanning tunneling microscopy studies have reported a large Dirac gap of ~20–100 meV. The discrepancy between the low temperature of quantum anomalous Hall effect (<C) and large spectroscopic Dirac gaps (>>TC) found in magnetic topological insulators remains puzzling. Here, we used angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy to study the surface electronic structure of the pristine and potassium doped surface of Cr0.15(Bi0.1Sb0.9)1.85Te3. Upon potassium deposition, the p-type surface state of the pristine sample was turned into an n-type, allowing the spectroscopic observation of Dirac point. Finally, we find a gapless surface state, with no evidence of a large Dirac gap reported in tunneling studies.},
doi = {10.1063/5.0039059},
journal = {Journal of Applied Physics},
number = 8,
volume = 129,
place = {United States},
year = {Wed Feb 24 00:00:00 EST 2021},
month = {Wed Feb 24 00:00:00 EST 2021}
}
Free Publicly Available Full Text
Publisher's Version of Record
Other availability
Search WorldCat to find libraries that may hold this journal
Save to My Library
You must Sign In or Create an Account in order to save documents to your library.
Works referenced in this record:
Massive Dirac Fermion on the Surface of a Magnetically Doped Topological Insulator
journal, August 2010
- Chen, Y. L.; Chu, J. - H.; Analytis, J. G.
- Science, Vol. 329, Issue 5992
Topological insulators and superconductors
journal, October 2011
- Qi, Xiao-Liang; Zhang, Shou-Cheng
- Reviews of Modern Physics, Vol. 83, Issue 4
Coexistence of Surface Ferromagnetism and a Gapless Topological State in
journal, September 2020
- Nevola, D.; Li, H. X.; Yan, J. -Q.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 125, Issue 11
Gapless Surface Dirac Cone in Antiferromagnetic Topological Insulator
journal, November 2019
- Hao, Yu-Jie; Liu, Pengfei; Feng, Yue
- Physical Review X, Vol. 9, Issue 4
Dirac Surface States in Intrinsic Magnetic Topological Insulators EuSn 2 As 2 and MnBi 2 n Te 3 n + 1
journal, November 2019
- Li, Hang; Gao, Shun-Ye; Duan, Shao-Feng
- Physical Review X, Vol. 9, Issue 4
Photoemission Spectroscopy of Magnetic and Nonmagnetic Impurities on the Surface of the Topological Insulator
journal, March 2012
- Valla, T.; Pan, Z. -H.; Gardner, D.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 108, Issue 11
Chemical Aspects of the Candidate Antiferromagnetic Topological Insulator MnBi 2 Te 4
journal, March 2019
- Zeugner, Alexander; Nietschke, Frederik; Wolter, Anja U. B.
- Chemistry of Materials, Vol. 31, Issue 8
Experimental Observation of the Quantum Anomalous Hall Effect in a Magnetic Topological Insulator
journal, March 2013
- Chang, C. -Z.; Zhang, J.; Feng, X.
- Science, Vol. 340, Issue 6129
Momentum-resolved Landau-level spectroscopy of Dirac surface state in
journal, August 2010
- Hanaguri, T.; Igarashi, K.; Kawamura, M.
- Physical Review B, Vol. 82, Issue 8
Gapless Dirac surface states in the antiferromagnetic topological insulator
journal, April 2020
- Swatek, Przemyslaw; Wu, Yun; Wang, Lin-Lin
- Physical Review B, Vol. 101, Issue 16
Nonmagnetic band gap at the Dirac point of the magnetic topological insulator (Bi1−xMnx)2Se3
journal, February 2016
- Sánchez-Barriga, J.; Varykhalov, A.; Springholz, G.
- Nature Communications, Vol. 7, Issue 1
Intrinsic magnetic topological insulator phases in the Sb doped MnBi2Te4 bulks and thin flakes
journal, October 2019
- Chen, Bo; Fei, Fucong; Zhang, Dongqin
- Nature Communications, Vol. 10, Issue 1
Robust axion insulator and Chern insulator phases in a two-dimensional antiferromagnetic topological insulator
journal, January 2020
- Liu, Chang; Wang, Yongchao; Li, Hao
- Nature Materials
Quantum anomalous Hall effect in intrinsic magnetic topological insulator MnBi 2 Te 4
journal, January 2020
- Deng, Yujun; Yu, Yijun; Shi, Meng Zhu
- Science, Vol. 367, Issue 6480
Quantum anomalous Hall effect
journal, December 2013
- He, Ke; Wang, Yayu; Xue, Qi-Kun
- National Science Review, Vol. 1, Issue 1
Topological Electronic Structure and Its Temperature Evolution in Antiferromagnetic Topological Insulator MnBi 2 Te 4
journal, November 2019
- Chen, Y. J.; Xu, L. X.; Li, J. H.
- Physical Review X, Vol. 9, Issue 4
Nature of the Dirac gap modulation and surface magnetic interaction in axion antiferromagnetic topological insulator $${\hbox {MnBi}}_2 {\hbox {Te}}_4$$
journal, August 2020
- Shikin, A. M.; Estyunin, D. A.; Klimovskikh, I. I.
- Scientific Reports, Vol. 10, Issue 1
Simultaneous Quantization of Bulk Conduction and Valence States through Adsorption of Nonmagnetic Impurities on
journal, August 2011
- Bianchi, Marco; Hatch, Richard C.; Mi, Jianli
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 107, Issue 8
Imaging Dirac-mass disorder from magnetic dopant atoms in the ferromagnetic topological insulator Cr x (Bi 0.1 Sb 0.9 ) 2-x Te 3
journal, January 2015
- Lee, Inhee; Kim, Chung Koo; Lee, Jinho
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 112, Issue 5
Dirac mass generation from crystal symmetry breaking on the surfaces of topological crystalline insulators
journal, February 2015
- Zeljkovic, Ilija; Okada, Yoshinori; Serbyn, Maksym
- Nature Materials, Vol. 14, Issue 3
Superconducting Proximity Effect and Majorana Fermions at the Surface of a Topological Insulator
journal, March 2008
- Fu, Liang; Kane, C. L.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 100, Issue 9
Quasiparticle interference on the surface of the topological crystalline insulator Pb Sn Se
journal, September 2013
- Gyenis, A.; Drozdov, I. K.; Nadj-Perge, S.
- Physical Review B, Vol. 88, Issue 12
A topological insulator surface under strong Coulomb, magnetic and disorder perturbations
journal, December 2010
- Wray, L. Andrew; Xu, Su-Yang; Xia, Yuqi
- Nature Physics, Vol. 7, Issue 1
Prediction and observation of an antiferromagnetic topological insulator
journal, December 2019
- Otrokov, M. M.; Klimovskikh, I. I.; Bentmann, H.
- Nature, Vol. 576, Issue 7787
Imaging standing waves in a two-dimensional electron gas
journal, June 1993
- Crommie, M. F.; Lutz, C. P.; Eigler, D. M.
- Nature, Vol. 363, Issue 6429
Hedgehog spin texture and Berry’s phase tuning in a magnetic topological insulator
journal, June 2012
- Xu, Su-Yang; Neupane, Madhab; Liu, Chang
- Nature Physics, Vol. 8, Issue 8
Quantized Anomalous Hall Effect in Magnetic Topological Insulators
journal, June 2010
- Yu, R.; Zhang, W.; Zhang, H. -J.
- Science, Vol. 329, Issue 5987
A New Magnetic Topological Quantum Material Candidate by Design
journal, April 2019
- Gui, Xin; Pletikosic, Ivo; Cao, Huibo
- ACS Central Science
Large magnetic gap at the Dirac point in Bi2Te3/MnBi2Te4 heterostructures
journal, December 2019
- Rienks, E. D. L.; Wimmer, S.; Sánchez-Barriga, J.
- Nature, Vol. 576, Issue 7787
Cross-axis adaptation improves 3D vestibulo-ocular reflex alignment during chronic stimulation via a head-mounted multichannel vestibular prosthesis
journal, March 2011
- Dai, Chenkai; Fridman, Gene Y.; Chiang, Bryce
- Experimental Brain Research, Vol. 210, Issue 3-4
Prediction and observation of an antiferromagnetic topological insulator
journal, December 2019
- Otrokov, M. M.; Klimovskikh, I. I.; Bentmann, H.
- Nature, Vol. 576, Issue 7787
Prospective Associations of Serum Adiponectin, Leptin, and Leptin-Adiponectin Ratio with Incidence of Metabolic Syndrome: The Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study
journal, May 2020
- Lee, Kyung Won; Shin, Dayeon
- International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Vol. 17, Issue 9