Where old meets new: An ecosystem study of methanogenesis in a reflooded agricultural peatland

McNicol, Gavin; Knox, Sara H.; Guilderson, Thomas P.; Baldocchi, Dennis D.; Silver, Whendee L.

doi:10.1111/gcb.14916

Title: Where old meets new: An ecosystem study of methanogenesis in a reflooded agricultural peatland

Journal Article · 27 December 2019 · Global Change Biology

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.14916 · OSTI ID:1779586

^[1]; Knox, Sara H. ^[2];

^[3];

^[4]; Silver, Whendee L. ^[4]

Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States); Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States). Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry; Stanford Univ., CA (United States)
Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States); Univ. of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC (Canada)
Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States). Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry; Univ. of California, Santa Cruz, CA (United States)
Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States)

Reflooding formerly drained peatlands has been proposed as a means to reduce losses of organic matter and sequester soil carbon for climate change mitigation, but a renewal of high methane emissions has been reported for these ecosystems, offsetting mitigation potential. Our ability to interpret observed methane fluxes in reflooded peatlands and make predictions about future flux trends is limited due to a lack of detailed studies of methanogenic processes. In this study we investigate methanogenesis in a reflooded agricultural peatland in the Sacramento Delta, California. Furthermore, we use the stable-and radio-carbon isotopic signatures of wetland sediment methane, ecosystem-scale eddy covariance flux observations, and laboratory incubation experiments, to identify which carbon sources and methanogenic production pathways fuel methanogenesis and how these processes are affected by vegetation and seasonality. We found that the old peat contribution to annual methane emissions was large (~30%) compared to intact wetlands, indicating a biogeochemical legacy of drainage. However, fresh carbon and the acetoclastic pathway still accounted for the majority of methanogenesis throughout the year. Although temperature sensitivities for bulk peat methanogenesis were similar between open-water (Q₁₀ = 2.1) and vegetated (Q₁₀ = 2.3) soils, methane production from both fresh and old carbon sources showed pronounced seasonality in vegetated zones. We conclude that high methane emissions in restored wetlands constitute a biogeochemical trade-off with contemporary carbon uptake, given that methane efflux is fueled primarily by fresh carbon inputs.

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Research Organization:: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: National Science Foundation (NSF); USDOE; USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-05CH11231; AC52-07NA27344

OSTI ID:: 1779586

Report Number(s):: LLNL-JRNL-789121; 987305

Journal Information:: Global Change Biology, Journal Name: Global Change Biology Journal Issue: 2 Vol. 26; ISSN 1354-1013

Publisher:: WileyCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
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methane
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peatland
radiocarbon

Title: Where old meets new: An ecosystem study of methanogenesis in a reflooded agricultural peatland

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