Enabling aqueous processing for LiNi0.80Co0.15Al0.05O2 (NCA)-based lithium-ion battery cathodes using polyacrylic acid

Hawley, W. Blake; Meyer III, Harry M.; Li, Jianlin

doi:10.1016/j.electacta.2021.138203

Title: Enabling aqueous processing for LiNi_0.80Co_0.15Al_0.05O₂ (NCA)-based lithium-ion battery cathodes using polyacrylic acid

Abstract

Replacing N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) with water in the production of lithium-ion battery cathodes is critical to realizing process cost savings and improved worker safety. LiNi_0.80Co_0.15Al_0.05O₂ (NCA) is a poor fit for aqueous processing due to destructive Al current collector corrosion resulting from highly basic slurries and detrimental surface reconstruction reactions that occur in water. In this study, polyacrylic acid (PAA, MW = 450,000 g·mol^-1) is examined as a corrosion-mitigating and surface-stabilizing agent. Adding PAA to an aqueous NCA slurry can provide a stable pH (4.0–8.5) for at least 4 h, since the carboxyl groups from PAA dissociate and increase the proton concentration in the slurry. Further, these groups can also adsorb to the surface of NCA particles and provide electrostatic stability from active material particle agglomeration, as revealed by zeta potential measurements. Minor cracking does occur at the electrode surface; this cracking likely caused poorer adhesion to the Al current collector in the aqueous-processed film when compared to the NMP-processed baseline. Electrochemically, the leached Li does cause a lower initial capacity for the aqueous-processed cathode, though the capacity retention of the aqueous-processed cathode is better than the baseline. The cracks in the coating led to a rise in charge transfer resistancemore »« less

Authors:

^[1];

^[2];

^[1]

Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States); Univ. of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN (United States)
Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

Publication Date:: Thu Mar 25 00:00:00 EDT 2021

Research Org.:: Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE); USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Transportation Office. Vehicle Technologies Office

OSTI Identifier:: 1777736

Alternate Identifier(s):: OSTI ID: 1804142

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-00OR22725

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Electrochimica Acta

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 380; Journal ID: ISSN 0013-4686

Publisher:: Elsevier

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 25 ENERGY STORAGE; Aqueous cathode processing; Low-cobalt cathode; Energy dense cathodes; Cation exchange; Green chemistry; Cycle life

Citation Formats


                    Hawley, W. Blake, Meyer III, Harry M., and Li, Jianlin. Enabling aqueous processing for LiNi0.80Co0.15Al0.05O2 (NCA)-based lithium-ion battery cathodes using polyacrylic acid.  United States: N. p., 2021. 
Web.  doi:10.1016/j.electacta.2021.138203.

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                    Hawley, W. Blake, Meyer III, Harry M., & Li, Jianlin. Enabling aqueous processing for LiNi0.80Co0.15Al0.05O2 (NCA)-based lithium-ion battery cathodes using polyacrylic acid.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2021.138203

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                    Hawley, W. Blake, Meyer III, Harry M., and Li, Jianlin. Thu .  
"Enabling aqueous processing for LiNi0.80Co0.15Al0.05O2 (NCA)-based lithium-ion battery cathodes using polyacrylic acid".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2021.138203.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1777736.

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@article{osti_1777736,

  title        = {Enabling aqueous processing for LiNi0.80Co0.15Al0.05O2 (NCA)-based lithium-ion battery cathodes using polyacrylic acid},

  author       = {Hawley, W. Blake and Meyer III, Harry M. and Li, Jianlin},

  abstractNote = {Replacing N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) with water in the production of lithium-ion battery cathodes is critical to realizing process cost savings and improved worker safety. LiNi0.80Co0.15Al0.05O2 (NCA) is a poor fit for aqueous processing due to destructive Al current collector corrosion resulting from highly basic slurries and detrimental surface reconstruction reactions that occur in water. In this study, polyacrylic acid (PAA, MW = 450,000 g·mol-1) is examined as a corrosion-mitigating and surface-stabilizing agent. Adding PAA to an aqueous NCA slurry can provide a stable pH (4.0–8.5) for at least 4 h, since the carboxyl groups from PAA dissociate and increase the proton concentration in the slurry. Further, these groups can also adsorb to the surface of NCA particles and provide electrostatic stability from active material particle agglomeration, as revealed by zeta potential measurements. Minor cracking does occur at the electrode surface; this cracking likely caused poorer adhesion to the Al current collector in the aqueous-processed film when compared to the NMP-processed baseline. Electrochemically, the leached Li does cause a lower initial capacity for the aqueous-processed cathode, though the capacity retention of the aqueous-processed cathode is better than the baseline. The cracks in the coating led to a rise in charge transfer resistance that hindered rate capability above 1C.},

  doi          = {10.1016/j.electacta.2021.138203},

  journal      = {Electrochimica Acta},

  number       = ,

  volume       = 380,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Thu Mar 25 00:00:00 EDT 2021},

  month        = {Thu Mar 25 00:00:00 EDT 2021}

}

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Impact of Pore Tortuosity on Electrode Kinetics in Lithium Battery Electrodes: Study in Directionally Freeze-Cast LiNi _0.8 Co _0.15 Al _0.05 O ₂ (NCA)

Journal Article Delattre, Benjamin ; Amin, Ruhul ; Sander, Jonathan ; ... - Journal of the Electrochemical Society

The prevailing electrode fabrication method for lithium-ion battery electrodes includes calendering at high pressures to densify the electrode and promote adhesion to the metal current collector. However, this process increases the tortuosity of the pore network in the primary transport direction and imposes severe tradeoffs between electrode thickness and rate capability. With the aim of understanding the impact of pore tortuosity on electrode kinetics, and enabling cell designs with thicker electrodes and improved cost and energy density, we use here freeze-casting, a shaping technique able to produce low-tortuosity structures using ice crystals as a pore-forming agent, to fabricate LiNi_0.8Co_0.15Al_0.05O₂ (NCA)more »« less
Cited by 85
https://doi.org/10.1149/2.1321802jes
Essential effect of the electrolyte on the mechanical and chemical degradation of LiNi_0.8Co_0.15Al_0.05O₂ cathodes upon long-term cycling

Journal Article Liu, Xiaoming ; Zhan, Xiaowen ; Hood, Zachary D. ; ... - Journal of Materials Chemistry. A

Capacity fading during long-term cycling (>1500×) is still a critical challenge for Li-ion batteries that use Ni-rich layered oxides, e.g. LiNi_0.8Co_0.15Al_0.05O₂ (NCA), as the cathode. Microcracks have been previously recognized as one of the primary reasons for the observed capacity fade. Although there exists a generally developed mechanical understanding of microcracks, the role of the electrolyte has not been clearly understood, especially after extended cycling and at the atomic scale. Here, we unveil the microstructural evolution of spherical NCA secondary particles after long-term cycling using scanning transmission electron microscopy accompanied with electron energy loss spectroscopy. In this work, we foundmore »« less
https://doi.org/10.1039/d0ta07814j

Full Text Available
Atomic Insight into the Layered/Spinel Phase Transformation in Charged LiNi_0.80Co_0.15Al_0.05O₂ Cathode Particles

Journal Article Zhang, Hanlei ; Karki, Khim ; Huang, Yiqing ; ... - Journal of Physical Chemistry. C

Layered LiNi_0.80Co_0.15Al_0.05O₂ (NCA) holds great promise as a potential cathode material for high energy density lithium ion batteries. However, its high capacity is heavily dependent on the stability of its layered structure, which suffers from a severe structure degradation resulting from a not fully understood layered → spinel phase transformation. Using high-resolution transmission electron microscopy and electron diffraction, we probe the atomic structure evolution induced by the layered → spinel phase transformation in the NCA cathode. We show that the phase transformation results in the development of a particle structure with the formation of complete spinel, spinel domains, and intermediatemore »« less
Cited by 46
https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.6b10220

Full Text Available
Surface Structural and Chemical Evolution of Layered LiNi_0.8Co _0.15Al _0.05O₂ (NCA) under High Voltage and Elevated Temperature Conditions

Journal Article Mukherjee, Pinaki ; Faenza, Nicholas V. ; Pereira, Nathalie ; ... - Chemistry of Materials

This work reports new insights into structural and chemical evolution of surface phases of LiNi_0.8Co_0.15Al_0.05O₂ (NCA) held at constant high voltages (up to 4.75 V) as well as high temperatures (60 °C) by correlating crystal structure using high angle annular dark field scanning transmission electron microscopy (HAADF-STEM) imaging with chemistry using electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS). We also followed the Al distribution within individual NCA particles by X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The progression of these phases as a function of distance from the edge shows simultaneous evolution of crystal structures and chemistry from rocksalt to layered, forming a completemore »« less
https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.7b05305

Full Text Available

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Title: Enabling aqueous processing for LiNi0.80Co0.15Al0.05O2 (NCA)-based lithium-ion battery cathodes using polyacrylic acid

Abstract

Citation Formats

Electrode manufacturing for lithium-ion batteries—Analysis of current and next generation processing journal, October 2019

X-Ray Photoelectron Spectra of Aluminum Oxides: Structural Effects on the “Chemical Shift” journal, January 1973

Aqueous Ni-rich-cathode dispersions processed with phosphoric acid for lithium-ion batteries with ultra-thick electrodes journal, January 2021

Performance and cost of materials for lithium-based rechargeable automotive batteries journal, April 2018

A review on the stability and surface modification of layered transition-metal oxide cathodes journal, February 2021

Superior Performance of LiFePO 4 Aqueous Dispersions via Corona Treatment and Surface Energy Optimization journal, January 2012

Processing of water-based LiNi1/3Mn1/3Co1/3O2 pastes for manufacturing lithium ion battery cathodes journal, December 2014

Dispersion properties of aqueous-based LiFePO4 pastes and their electrochemical performance for lithium batteries journal, September 2008

Towards Understanding of Cracking during Drying of Thick Aqueous-Processed LiNi 0.8 Mn 0.1 Co 0.1 O 2 Cathodes journal, February 2020

Water-Based Process to the Preparation of Nickel-Rich Li(Ni 0.8 Co 0.1 Mn 0.1 )O 2 Cathode journal, June 2020

Increased Cycling Performance of Li-Ion Batteries by Phosphoric Acid Modified LiNi 0.5 Mn 1.5 O 4 Cathodes in the Presence of LiBOB journal, July 2019

Technical and economic analysis of solvent-based lithium-ion electrode drying with water and NMP journal, August 2017

Complementary Strategies Toward the Aqueous Processing of High-Voltage LiNi 0.5 Mn 1.5 O 4 Lithium-Ion Cathodes journal, January 2018

Water-based LiNi1/3Mn1/3Co1/3O2-cathodes with good electrochemical performance by use of additives journal, January 2018

Optimization of LiFePO 4 Nanoparticle Suspensions with Polyethyleneimine for Aqueous Processing journal, February 2012

Lithium and transition metal dissolution due to aqueous processing in lithium-ion battery cathode active materials journal, August 2020

Effects of surface modification and organic binder type on cell performance of water-processed Ni-rich Li(Ni0.8Co0.1Mn0.1)O2 cathodes journal, October 2020

Towards water based ultra-thick Li ion battery electrodes – A binder approach journal, May 2019

Chemical stability and long-term cell performance of low-cobalt, Ni-Rich cathodes prepared by aqueous processing for high-energy Li-Ion batteries journal, January 2020

Effects of Extended Aqueous Processing on Structure, Chemistry, and Performance of Polycrystalline LiNi x Mn y Co z O 2 Cathode Powders journal, December 2020

Evaluation Residual Moisture in Lithium-Ion Battery Electrodes and Its Effect on Electrode Performance journal, January 2016

Chemical Weathering of Layered Ni-Rich Oxide Electrode Materials: Evidence for Cation Exchange journal, January 2017

Surface double coating of a LiNi a Co b Al 1−a−b O 2 ( a > 0.85) cathode with TiO x and Li 2 CO 3 to apply a water-based hybrid polymer binder to Li-ion batteries journal, January 2020

Heated Calendering of Cathodes for Lithium‐Ion Batteries with Varied Carbon Black and Binder Contents journal, April 2019

The application of a water-based hybrid polymer binder to a high-voltage and high-capacity Li-rich solid-solution cathode and its performance in Li-ion batteries journal, January 2016

Effects of PAA-NH[sub 4] Addition on the Dispersion Property of Aqueous LiCoO[sub 2] Slurries and the Cell Performance of As-Prepared LiCoO[sub 2] Cathodes journal, January 2005

Corrosion of aluminum electrodes in aqueous slurries for lithium-ion batteries journal, January 2014

What makes lithium substituted polyacrylic acid a better binder than polyacrylic acid for silicon-graphite composite anodes? journal, April 2018

Effects of pH control by acid addition at the aqueous processing of cathodes for lithium ion batteries journal, September 2019

A comparative study of polyacrylic acid and poly(vinylidene difluoride) binders for spherical natural graphite/LiFePO4 electrodes and cells journal, September 2011

THE EFFECT OF STRONG INTERACTION BETWEEN Ru AND Al 2 O 3 ON THE ACTIVITY FOR CARBON MONOXIDE HYDROGENATION OVER Ru/Al 2 O 3 journal, June 1984

Optimization of multicomponent aqueous suspensions of lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4) nanoparticles and carbon black for lithium-ion battery cathodes journal, September 2013

Use of natural binders and ionic liquid electrolytes for greener and safer lithium-ion batteries journal, February 2011

Surface Modification of LiNi 0.8 Co 0.15 Al 0.05 O 2 Particles via Li 3 PO 4 Coating to Enable Aqueous Electrode Processing journal, October 2020

Thermal runaway caused fire and explosion of lithium ion battery journal, June 2012

Extending the Service Life of High-Ni Layered Oxides by Tuning the Electrode-Electrolyte Interphase journal, September 2018

In Situ Coating of Li[Ni 0.33 Mn 0.33 Co 0.33 ]O 2 Particles to Enable Aqueous Electrode Processing journal, April 2016

Comparison of the structural and electrochemical properties of layered Li[NixCoyMnz]O2 (x = 1/3, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8 and 0.85) cathode material for lithium-ion batteries journal, July 2013

Preparation and performances of LiFePO4 cathode in aqueous solvent with polyacrylic acid as a binder journal, April 2009

An Artificial Solid Electrolyte Interphase Enables the Use of a LiNi 0.5 Mn 1.5 O 4 5 V Cathode with Conventional Electrolytes journal, August 2013

Prospects for reducing the processing cost of lithium ion batteries journal, February 2015

Toward Low-Cost, High-Energy Density, and High-Power Density Lithium-Ion Batteries journal, June 2017

A hydrolysis-hydrothermal route for the synthesis of ultrathin LiAlO 2 -inlaid LiNi 0.5 Co 0.2 Mn 0.3 O 2 as a high-performance cathode material for lithium ion batteries journal, January 2015

A comparative study of different binders and their effects on electrochemical properties of LiMn 2 O 4 cathode in lithium ion batteries journal, February 2014

Basic knowledge in battery research bridging the gap between academia and industry journal, January 2020

Understanding electrochemical potentials of cathode materials in rechargeable batteries journal, March 2016

Study of Water-Based Lithium Titanate Electrode Processing: The Role of pH and Binder Molecular Structure journal, August 2016

Interactions between organic additives and active powders in water-based lithium iron phosphate electrode slurries journal, December 2012

Improvements of Dispersion Homogeneity and Cell Performance of Aqueous-Processed LiCoO[sub 2] Cathodes by Using Dispersant of PAA–NH[sub 4] journal, January 2006

Investigation on xanthan gum as novel water soluble binder for LiFePO 4 cathode in lithium-ion batteries journal, August 2017

Lithium Ion Cell Performance Enhancement Using Aqueous LiFePO 4 Cathode Dispersions and Polyethyleneimine Dispersant journal, November 2012

Lithium Polyacrylate (LiPAA) as an Advanced Binder and a Passivating Agent for High-Voltage Li-Ion Batteries journal, September 2015

Beneficial rheological properties of lithium-ion battery cathode slurries from elevated mixing and coating temperatures journal, December 2019

Comparative Analysis of Aqueous Binders for High-Energy Li-Rich NMC as a Lithium-Ion Cathode and the Impact of Adding Phosphoric Acid journal, April 2018

Study of Immersion of LiNi 0.5 Mn 0.3 Co 0.2 O 2 Material in Water for Aqueous Processing of Positive Electrode for Li-Ion Batteries journal, April 2019

Enabling aqueous processing for crack-free thick electrodes journal, June 2017

Effect of Carboxymethyl Cellulose on Aqueous Processing of LiFePO[sub 4] Cathodes and Their Electrochemical Performance journal, January 2008

Investigations on high energy lithium-ion batteries with aqueous binder journal, December 2013

Alternative binders for sustainable electrochemical energy storage – the transition to aqueous electrode processing and bio-derived polymers journal, January 2018

Synthesis of water-resistant thin TiOx layer-coated high-voltage and high-capacity LiNi Co Al1--O2 (a > 0.85) cathode and its cathode performance to apply a water-based hybrid polymer binder to Li-Ion batteries journal, December 2017

Dependence of Cell Failure on Cut-Off Voltage Ranges and Observation of Kinetic Hindrance in LiNi 0.8 Co 0.15 Al 0.05 O 2 journal, January 2018

Nickel-Rich and Lithium-Rich Layered Oxide Cathodes: Progress and Perspectives journal, October 2015

A Practical Beginner’s Guide to Cyclic Voltammetry journal, November 2017

Correlating the influence of porosity, tortuosity, and mass loading on the energy density of LiNi0.6Mn0.2Co0.2O2 cathodes under extreme fast charging (XFC) conditions journal, October 2020

Design and Demonstration of Three-Electrode Pouch Cells for Lithium-Ion Batteries journal, January 2017

Achievement of the High-Capacity Retention Rate for the Li[Ni 0.8 Co 0.15 Al 0.05 ]O 2 (NCA) Cathode Containing an Aqueous Binder with CO 2 Gas Treatment Using the Cavitation Effect (CTCE) journal, January 2019

Improvement of the Cyclability and Coulombic Efficiency of Li-Ion Batteries Using Li[Ni 0.8 Co 0.15 Al 0.05 ]O 2 Cathode Containing an Aqueous Binder with Pressurized CO 2 Gas Treatment journal, January 2018

Tuning the Li/Ni Disorder of the NMC811 Cathode by Thermally Driven Competition between Lattice Ordering and Structure Decomposition journal, February 2020

Title: Enabling aqueous processing for LiNi_0.80Co_0.15Al_0.05O₂ (NCA)-based lithium-ion battery cathodes using polyacrylic acid

Electrode manufacturing for lithium-ion batteries—Analysis of current and next generation processing
journal, October 2019

X-Ray Photoelectron Spectra of Aluminum Oxides: Structural Effects on the “Chemical Shift”
journal, January 1973

Aqueous Ni-rich-cathode dispersions processed with phosphoric acid for lithium-ion batteries with ultra-thick electrodes
journal, January 2021

Performance and cost of materials for lithium-based rechargeable automotive batteries
journal, April 2018

A review on the stability and surface modification of layered transition-metal oxide cathodes
journal, February 2021

Superior Performance of LiFePO ₄ Aqueous Dispersions via Corona Treatment and Surface Energy Optimization
journal, January 2012

Processing of water-based LiNi1/3Mn1/3Co1/3O2 pastes for manufacturing lithium ion battery cathodes
journal, December 2014

Dispersion properties of aqueous-based LiFePO₄ pastes and their electrochemical performance for lithium batteries
journal, September 2008

Towards Understanding of Cracking during Drying of Thick Aqueous-Processed LiNi _0.8 Mn _0.1 Co _0.1 O ₂ Cathodes
journal, February 2020

Water-Based Process to the Preparation of Nickel-Rich Li(Ni _0.8 Co _0.1 Mn _0.1 )O ₂ Cathode
journal, June 2020

Increased Cycling Performance of Li-Ion Batteries by Phosphoric Acid Modified LiNi _0.5 Mn _1.5 O ₄ Cathodes in the Presence of LiBOB
journal, July 2019

Technical and economic analysis of solvent-based lithium-ion electrode drying with water and NMP
journal, August 2017

Complementary Strategies Toward the Aqueous Processing of High-Voltage LiNi _0.5 Mn _1.5 O ₄ Lithium-Ion Cathodes
journal, January 2018

Water-based LiNi1/3Mn1/3Co1/3O2-cathodes with good electrochemical performance by use of additives
journal, January 2018

Optimization of LiFePO ₄ Nanoparticle Suspensions with Polyethyleneimine for Aqueous Processing
journal, February 2012

Lithium and transition metal dissolution due to aqueous processing in lithium-ion battery cathode active materials
journal, August 2020

Effects of surface modification and organic binder type on cell performance of water-processed Ni-rich Li(Ni0.8Co0.1Mn0.1)O2 cathodes
journal, October 2020

Towards water based ultra-thick Li ion battery electrodes – A binder approach
journal, May 2019

Chemical stability and long-term cell performance of low-cobalt, Ni-Rich cathodes prepared by aqueous processing for high-energy Li-Ion batteries
journal, January 2020

Effects of Extended Aqueous Processing on Structure, Chemistry, and Performance of Polycrystalline LiNi _x Mn _y Co _z O ₂ Cathode Powders
journal, December 2020

Evaluation Residual Moisture in Lithium-Ion Battery Electrodes and Its Effect on Electrode Performance
journal, January 2016

Chemical Weathering of Layered Ni-Rich Oxide Electrode Materials: Evidence for Cation Exchange
journal, January 2017

Surface double coating of a LiNi _a Co _b Al _1−a−b O ₂ ( a > 0.85) cathode with TiO _x and Li ₂ CO ₃ to apply a water-based hybrid polymer binder to Li-ion batteries
journal, January 2020

Heated Calendering of Cathodes for Lithium‐Ion Batteries with Varied Carbon Black and Binder Contents
journal, April 2019

The application of a water-based hybrid polymer binder to a high-voltage and high-capacity Li-rich solid-solution cathode and its performance in Li-ion batteries
journal, January 2016

Effects of PAA-NH[sub 4] Addition on the Dispersion Property of Aqueous LiCoO[sub 2] Slurries and the Cell Performance of As-Prepared LiCoO[sub 2] Cathodes
journal, January 2005

Corrosion of aluminum electrodes in aqueous slurries for lithium-ion batteries
journal, January 2014

What makes lithium substituted polyacrylic acid a better binder than polyacrylic acid for silicon-graphite composite anodes?
journal, April 2018

Effects of pH control by acid addition at the aqueous processing of cathodes for lithium ion batteries
journal, September 2019

A comparative study of polyacrylic acid and poly(vinylidene difluoride) binders for spherical natural graphite/LiFePO4 electrodes and cells
journal, September 2011

THE EFFECT OF STRONG INTERACTION BETWEEN Ru AND Al ₂ O ₃ ON THE ACTIVITY FOR CARBON MONOXIDE HYDROGENATION OVER Ru/Al ₂ O ₃
journal, June 1984

Optimization of multicomponent aqueous suspensions of lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO₄) nanoparticles and carbon black for lithium-ion battery cathodes
journal, September 2013

Use of natural binders and ionic liquid electrolytes for greener and safer lithium-ion batteries
journal, February 2011

Surface Modification of LiNi _0.8 Co _0.15 Al _0.05 O ₂ Particles via Li ₃ PO ₄ Coating to Enable Aqueous Electrode Processing
journal, October 2020

Thermal runaway caused fire and explosion of lithium ion battery
journal, June 2012

Extending the Service Life of High-Ni Layered Oxides by Tuning the Electrode-Electrolyte Interphase
journal, September 2018

In Situ Coating of Li[Ni _0.33 Mn _0.33 Co _0.33 ]O ₂ Particles to Enable Aqueous Electrode Processing
journal, April 2016

Comparison of the structural and electrochemical properties of layered Li[NixCoyMnz]O2 (x = 1/3, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8 and 0.85) cathode material for lithium-ion batteries
journal, July 2013

Preparation and performances of LiFePO₄ cathode in aqueous solvent with polyacrylic acid as a binder
journal, April 2009

An Artificial Solid Electrolyte Interphase Enables the Use of a LiNi _0.5 Mn _1.5 O ₄ 5 V Cathode with Conventional Electrolytes
journal, August 2013

Prospects for reducing the processing cost of lithium ion batteries
journal, February 2015

Toward Low-Cost, High-Energy Density, and High-Power Density Lithium-Ion Batteries
journal, June 2017

A hydrolysis-hydrothermal route for the synthesis of ultrathin LiAlO ₂ -inlaid LiNi _0.5 Co _0.2 Mn _0.3 O ₂ as a high-performance cathode material for lithium ion batteries
journal, January 2015

A comparative study of different binders and their effects on electrochemical properties of LiMn 2 O 4 cathode in lithium ion batteries
journal, February 2014

Basic knowledge in battery research bridging the gap between academia and industry
journal, January 2020

Understanding electrochemical potentials of cathode materials in rechargeable batteries
journal, March 2016

Study of Water-Based Lithium Titanate Electrode Processing: The Role of pH and Binder Molecular Structure
journal, August 2016

Interactions between organic additives and active powders in water-based lithium iron phosphate electrode slurries
journal, December 2012

Improvements of Dispersion Homogeneity and Cell Performance of Aqueous-Processed LiCoO[sub 2] Cathodes by Using Dispersant of PAA–NH[sub 4]
journal, January 2006

Investigation on xanthan gum as novel water soluble binder for LiFePO 4 cathode in lithium-ion batteries
journal, August 2017

Lithium Ion Cell Performance Enhancement Using Aqueous LiFePO ₄ Cathode Dispersions and Polyethyleneimine Dispersant
journal, November 2012

Lithium Polyacrylate (LiPAA) as an Advanced Binder and a Passivating Agent for High-Voltage Li-Ion Batteries
journal, September 2015

Beneficial rheological properties of lithium-ion battery cathode slurries from elevated mixing and coating temperatures
journal, December 2019

Comparative Analysis of Aqueous Binders for High-Energy Li-Rich NMC as a Lithium-Ion Cathode and the Impact of Adding Phosphoric Acid
journal, April 2018

Study of Immersion of LiNi _0.5 Mn _0.3 Co _0.2 O ₂ Material in Water for Aqueous Processing of Positive Electrode for Li-Ion Batteries
journal, April 2019

Enabling aqueous processing for crack-free thick electrodes
journal, June 2017

Effect of Carboxymethyl Cellulose on Aqueous Processing of LiFePO[sub 4] Cathodes and Their Electrochemical Performance
journal, January 2008

Investigations on high energy lithium-ion batteries with aqueous binder
journal, December 2013

Alternative binders for sustainable electrochemical energy storage – the transition to aqueous electrode processing and bio-derived polymers
journal, January 2018

Synthesis of water-resistant thin TiOx layer-coated high-voltage and high-capacity LiNi Co Al1--O2 (a > 0.85) cathode and its cathode performance to apply a water-based hybrid polymer binder to Li-Ion batteries
journal, December 2017

Dependence of Cell Failure on Cut-Off Voltage Ranges and Observation of Kinetic Hindrance in LiNi _0.8 Co _0.15 Al _0.05 O ₂
journal, January 2018

Nickel-Rich and Lithium-Rich Layered Oxide Cathodes: Progress and Perspectives
journal, October 2015

A Practical Beginner’s Guide to Cyclic Voltammetry
journal, November 2017

Correlating the influence of porosity, tortuosity, and mass loading on the energy density of LiNi0.6Mn0.2Co0.2O2 cathodes under extreme fast charging (XFC) conditions
journal, October 2020

Design and Demonstration of Three-Electrode Pouch Cells for Lithium-Ion Batteries
journal, January 2017

Achievement of the High-Capacity Retention Rate for the Li[Ni _0.8 Co _0.15 Al _0.05 ]O ₂ (NCA) Cathode Containing an Aqueous Binder with CO ₂ Gas Treatment Using the Cavitation Effect (CTCE)
journal, January 2019

Improvement of the Cyclability and Coulombic Efficiency of Li-Ion Batteries Using Li[Ni _0.8 Co _0.15 Al _0.05 ]O ₂ Cathode Containing an Aqueous Binder with Pressurized CO ₂ Gas Treatment
journal, January 2018

Tuning the Li/Ni Disorder of the NMC811 Cathode by Thermally Driven Competition between Lattice Ordering and Structure Decomposition
journal, February 2020