Magnetic impurities in Kondo insulators: An application to samarium hexaboride

Fuhrman, W. T.; Nikolić, P.

doi:10.1103/physrevb.101.245118

Title: Magnetic impurities in Kondo insulators: An application to samarium hexaboride

Abstract

Impurities and defects in Kondo insulators can have an unusual impact on dynamics that blends with effects of intrinsic electron correlations. Such crystal imperfections are difficult to avoid, and their consequences are incompletely understood. In this work, we study magnetic impurities in Kondo insulators via perturbation theory of the s-d Kondo impurity model adapted to small-band-gap insulators. The calculated magnetization and specific heat agree with recent thermodynamic measurements in samarium hexaboride (SmB₆). This qualitative agreement supports the physical picture of multichannel Kondo screening of local moments by electrons and holes involving both intrinsic and impurity bands. Specific heat is thermally activated in zero field by Kondo screening through subgap impurity bands and exhibits a characteristic upturn as the temperature is decreased. In contrast, magnetization obtains a dominant quantum correction from partial screening by virtual particle-hole pairs in intrinsic bands. We point out that magnetic impurities could impact de Haas–van Alphen quantum oscillations in SmB6, through the effects of Landau quantization in intrinsic bands on the Kondo screening of impurity moments.

Authors:

Fuhrman, W. T. ^[1];

^[2]

Johns Hopkins Univ., Baltimore, MD (United States)
Johns Hopkins Univ., Baltimore, MD (United States); George Mason Univ., Fairfax, VA (United States)

Publication Date:: Wed Jun 03 00:00:00 EDT 2020

Research Org.:: Johns Hopkins Univ., Baltimore, MD (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)

OSTI Identifier:: 1775124

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0019331; FG02-08ER46544

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Physical Review B

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 101; Journal Issue: 24; Journal ID: ISSN 2469-9950

Publisher:: American Physical Society (APS)

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 36 MATERIALS SCIENCE; 75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND SUPERFLUIDITY

Citation Formats


                    Fuhrman, W. T., and Nikolić, P. Magnetic impurities in Kondo insulators: An application to samarium hexaboride.  United States: N. p., 2020. 
Web.  doi:10.1103/physrevb.101.245118.

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                    Fuhrman, W. T., & Nikolić, P. Magnetic impurities in Kondo insulators: An application to samarium hexaboride.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.101.245118

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                    Fuhrman, W. T., and Nikolić, P. Wed .  
"Magnetic impurities in Kondo insulators: An application to samarium hexaboride".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.101.245118.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1775124.

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@article{osti_1775124,

  title        = {Magnetic impurities in Kondo insulators: An application to samarium hexaboride},

  author       = {Fuhrman, W. T. and Nikolić, P.},

  abstractNote = {Impurities and defects in Kondo insulators can have an unusual impact on dynamics that blends with effects of intrinsic electron correlations. Such crystal imperfections are difficult to avoid, and their consequences are incompletely understood. In this work, we study magnetic impurities in Kondo insulators via perturbation theory of the s-d Kondo impurity model adapted to small-band-gap insulators. The calculated magnetization and specific heat agree with recent thermodynamic measurements in samarium hexaboride (SmB6). This qualitative agreement supports the physical picture of multichannel Kondo screening of local moments by electrons and holes involving both intrinsic and impurity bands. Specific heat is thermally activated in zero field by Kondo screening through subgap impurity bands and exhibits a characteristic upturn as the temperature is decreased. In contrast, magnetization obtains a dominant quantum correction from partial screening by virtual particle-hole pairs in intrinsic bands. We point out that magnetic impurities could impact de Haas–van Alphen quantum oscillations in SmB6, through the effects of Landau quantization in intrinsic bands on the Kondo screening of impurity moments.},

  doi          = {10.1103/physrevb.101.245118},

  journal      = {Physical Review B},

  number       = 24,

  volume       = 101,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Wed Jun 03 00:00:00 EDT 2020},

  month        = {Wed Jun 03 00:00:00 EDT 2020}

}

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Bulk Rotational Symmetry Breaking in Kondo Insulator ${SmB}_{6}$

Journal Article Xiang, Z. ; Lawson, B. ; Asaba, T. ; ... - Physical Review. X

The Kondo insulator samarium hexaboride (SmB₆) has been intensely studied in recent years as a potential candidate of a strongly correlated topological insulator. One of the most exciting phenomena observed in SmB₆ is the clear quantum oscillations appearing in magnetic torque at a low temperature despite the insulating behavior in resistance. These quantum oscillations show multiple frequencies and varied effective masses. The origin of quantum oscillation is, however, still under debate with evidence of both two-dimensional Fermi surfaces and three-dimensional Fermi surfaces. Here, we carry out angle-resolved torque magnetometry measurements in a magnetic field up to 45 T and amore »« less
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https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevX.7.031054

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Title: Magnetic impurities in Kondo insulators: An application to samarium hexaboride

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Citation Formats

Quantum Oscillations without a Fermi Surface and the Anomalous de Haas–van Alphen Effect journal, September 2015

Topological Kondo Insulators journal, March 2010

Surface and bulk electronic structure of the strongly correlated system SmB 6 and implications for a topological Kondo insulator journal, September 2013

Field-dependent heat transport in the Kondo insulator SmB 6 : Phonons scattered by magnetic impurities journal, June 2018

Two-dimensional Fermi surfaces in Kondo insulator SmB 6 journal, December 2014

Quantum Oscillation from In-Gap States and a Non-Hermitian Landau Level Problem journal, July 2018

Diagonalization of the Kondo Hamiltonian journal, August 1980

Highly Asymmetric Nodal Semimetal in Bulk SmB 6 journal, July 2018

Theory of s − d Scattering in Dilute Magnetic Alloys. I. Perturbation Theory and the Derivation of the Low Equation journal, September 1967

Solution of the Kondo problem journal, April 1983

One-dimensional edge state transport in a topological Kondo insulator journal, November 2015

Unconventional Fermi surface in an insulating state journal, July 2015

Thermal conductivity of R B 6 ( R = C e , P r , N d , S m , G d ) single crystals journal, August 1996

MIXED VALENT SEMICONDUCTORS : SmB 6 journal, July 1980

Surface electronic structure of the topological Kondo-insulator candidate correlated electron system SmB6 journal, December 2013

Magnetotransport measurements of the surface states of samarium hexaboride using Corbino structures journal, September 2015

Unconventional thermal metallic state of charge-neutral fermions in an insulator journal, July 2019

A new exotic state in an old material: a tale of SmB6 journal, September 2013

Fermi surfaces in Kondo insulators journal, March 2018

Influence of impurity ferromagnetism and of the external magnetic field on the resistance of a metal with magnetic impurities journal, October 1965

A poor man's derivation of scaling laws for the Kondo problem journal, December 1970

Anomalous three-dimensional bulk ac conduction within the Kondo gap of SmB 6 single crystals journal, October 2016

Two-dimensional heavy fermions on the strongly correlated boundaries of Kondo topological insulators journal, December 2014

In-gap collective mode spectrum of the topological Kondo insulator SmB 6 journal, November 2014

Low-temperature surface conduction in the Kondo insulator SmB 6 journal, November 2013

Magnetic excitations observed by means of inelastic neutron scattering in polycrystalline journal, June 1998

Bulk Fermi Surface of Charge-Neutral Excitations in SmB 6 or Not: A Heat-Transport Study journal, June 2016

Resistance Minimum in Dilute Magnetic Alloys journal, July 1964

Quantum oscillations of electrical resistivity in an insulator journal, August 2018

Breakdown of the Kondo insulating state in SmB 6 by introducing Sm vacancies journal, August 2016

Magnetic excitation spectrum of mixed-valence SmB 6 studied by neutron scattering on a single crystal journal, January 1995

Direct observation of the spin texture in SmB6 as evidence of the topological Kondo insulator journal, July 2014

Chemical potential asymmetry and quantum oscillations in insulators journal, September 2016

Hybridization, Inter-Ion Correlation, and Surface States in the Kondo Insulator SmB 6 journal, February 2013

Suppression of magnetic excitations near the surface of the topological Kondo insulator SmB 6 journal, January 2017

Are Kondo insulators gapless? journal, May 1993

Collapse of the coherence gap in Kondo semiconductors journal, December 2003

Modification of the Lifshitz-Kosevich formula for anomalous de Haas–van Alphen oscillations in inverted insulators journal, March 2018

Magnetic excitations in systems with a nonmagnetic ground state and valence fluctuations journal, August 2010

Skyrme Insulators: Insulators at the Brink of Superconductivity journal, August 2017

Orbital magnetic field effects in spin liquid with spinon Fermi sea: Possible application to κ − ( ET ) 2 Cu 2 ( C N ) 3 journal, April 2006

Thermodynamic Properties of the Anderson Model journal, April 1983

Surface theory of a family of topological Kondo insulators journal, October 2014

Screened moments and extrinsic in-gap states in samarium hexaboride journal, April 2018

Exact solution of the s-d exchange model (Kondo problem) journal, April 1981

Quantum oscillations in strongly correlated topological Kondo insulators journal, August 2019

Impurity states in Kondo insulators: Density of states and specific heat journal, May 1993

Topological surface state in the Kondo insulator samarium hexaboride journal, March 2014

Impurity-induced localization of quasiparticles in the presence of a pseudogap in CeNiSn journal, June 1999

1/ N and Quantum Monte Carlo Studies of a Magnetic Impurity in an Insulator with a Small Gap journal, October 1992

Localized Magnetic States in Metals journal, October 1961

Excitons in topological Kondo insulators: Theory of thermodynamic and transport anomalies in SmB 6 journal, March 2017

Scaling Theory of the Asymmetric Anderson Model journal, February 1978

Influence of the Mixed-Valences State on the Magnetic Excitation Spectrum of SmB6-Based Compounds journal, October 1997

Specific heat of SmB6 at very low temperatures journal, May 2006

Theory of quantum oscillations of magnetization in Kondo insulators journal, August 2017

Numerical Renormalization Group Study of Magnetic Impurities in Superconductors journal, September 1992

Bulk Rotational Symmetry Breaking in Kondo Insulator SmB 6 journal, September 2017

Introduction to Many-Body Physics book, December 2015

Theory of s − d Scattering in Dilute Magnetic Alloys. II. Derivation and Solution of Linear Vertex Equations journal, September 1967

Transport gap in SmB 6 protected against disorder journal, June 2019

Magnetic dichroism in the Kondo insulator SmB 6 journal, January 2019

Impurity bands in Kondo insulators journal, July 1992

Exact results in the theory of magnetic alloys journal, January 1983

Correlation between Bulk Thermodynamic Measurements and the Low-Temperature-Resistance Plateau in SmB 6 journal, July 2014

Mixed-valence insulators with neutral Fermi surfaces journal, May 2018

Critical examination of quantum oscillations in SmB 6 journal, November 2017

Dynamical mean-field theory of strongly correlated fermion systems and the limit of infinite dimensions journal, January 1996

Heavy fermion semiconductors journal, May 2000

Quantum Oscillation in Narrow-Gap Topological Insulators journal, January 2016

Kondo Breakdown and Quantum Oscillations in SmB 6 journal, January 2016

Theory of topological Kondo insulators journal, January 2012

Effects of spin excitons on the surface states of SmB 6 : A photoemission study journal, December 2016

Electron scattering on magnetic impurities in metals and anomalous resistivity effects journal, September 1965

Kondo hole behavior in Ce 0.97 La 0.03 Pd 3 journal, May 1996

Low-energy electrodynamics of SmB 6 journal, January 1999

Magnetic Impurity in Insulators with Small Energy Gap journal, December 1993

Quantum Oscillations without a Fermi Surface and the Anomalous de Haas–van Alphen Effect
journal, September 2015

Topological Kondo Insulators
journal, March 2010

Surface and bulk electronic structure of the strongly correlated system SmB $_{6}$ and implications for a topological Kondo insulator
journal, September 2013

Field-dependent heat transport in the Kondo insulator ${SmB}_{6}$ : Phonons scattered by magnetic impurities
journal, June 2018

Two-dimensional Fermi surfaces in Kondo insulator SmB ₆
journal, December 2014

Quantum Oscillation from In-Gap States and a Non-Hermitian Landau Level Problem
journal, July 2018

Diagonalization of the Kondo Hamiltonian
journal, August 1980

Highly Asymmetric Nodal Semimetal in Bulk ${SmB}_{6}$
journal, July 2018

Theory of $s - d$ Scattering in Dilute Magnetic Alloys. I. Perturbation Theory and the Derivation of the Low Equation
journal, September 1967

Solution of the Kondo problem
journal, April 1983

One-dimensional edge state transport in a topological Kondo insulator
journal, November 2015

Unconventional Fermi surface in an insulating state
journal, July 2015

Thermal conductivity of $R B_{6}$ ( $R = C e, P r, N d, S m, G d$ ) single crystals
journal, August 1996

MIXED VALENT SEMICONDUCTORS : SmB ₆
journal, July 1980

Surface electronic structure of the topological Kondo-insulator candidate correlated electron system SmB6
journal, December 2013

Magnetotransport measurements of the surface states of samarium hexaboride using Corbino structures
journal, September 2015

Unconventional thermal metallic state of charge-neutral fermions in an insulator
journal, July 2019

A new exotic state in an old material: a tale of SmB6
journal, September 2013

Fermi surfaces in Kondo insulators
journal, March 2018

Influence of impurity ferromagnetism and of the external magnetic field on the resistance of a metal with magnetic impurities
journal, October 1965

A poor man's derivation of scaling laws for the Kondo problem
journal, December 1970

Anomalous three-dimensional bulk ac conduction within the Kondo gap of ${SmB}_{6}$ single crystals
journal, October 2016

Two-dimensional heavy fermions on the strongly correlated boundaries of Kondo topological insulators
journal, December 2014

In-gap collective mode spectrum of the topological Kondo insulator ${SmB}_{6}$
journal, November 2014

Low-temperature surface conduction in the Kondo insulator SmB $_{6}$
journal, November 2013

Magnetic excitations observed by means of inelastic neutron scattering in polycrystalline
journal, June 1998

Bulk Fermi Surface of Charge-Neutral Excitations in ${SmB}_{6}$ or Not: A Heat-Transport Study
journal, June 2016

Resistance Minimum in Dilute Magnetic Alloys
journal, July 1964

Quantum oscillations of electrical resistivity in an insulator
journal, August 2018

Breakdown of the Kondo insulating state in ${SmB}_{6}$ by introducing Sm vacancies
journal, August 2016

Magnetic excitation spectrum of mixed-valence SmB ₆ studied by neutron scattering on a single crystal
journal, January 1995

Direct observation of the spin texture in SmB6 as evidence of the topological Kondo insulator
journal, July 2014

Chemical potential asymmetry and quantum oscillations in insulators
journal, September 2016

Hybridization, Inter-Ion Correlation, and Surface States in the Kondo Insulator ${SmB}_{6}$
journal, February 2013

Suppression of magnetic excitations near the surface of the topological Kondo insulator ${SmB}_{6}$
journal, January 2017

Are Kondo insulators gapless?
journal, May 1993

Collapse of the coherence gap in Kondo semiconductors
journal, December 2003

Modification of the Lifshitz-Kosevich formula for anomalous de Haas–van Alphen oscillations in inverted insulators
journal, March 2018

Magnetic excitations in systems with a nonmagnetic ground state and valence fluctuations
journal, August 2010

Skyrme Insulators: Insulators at the Brink of Superconductivity
journal, August 2017

Orbital magnetic field effects in spin liquid with spinon Fermi sea: Possible application to $κ − {(ET)}_{2} {Cu}_{2} {(C N)}_{3}$
journal, April 2006

Thermodynamic Properties of the Anderson Model
journal, April 1983

Surface theory of a family of topological Kondo insulators
journal, October 2014

Screened moments and extrinsic in-gap states in samarium hexaboride
journal, April 2018

Exact solution of the s-d exchange model (Kondo problem)
journal, April 1981

Quantum oscillations in strongly correlated topological Kondo insulators
journal, August 2019

Impurity states in Kondo insulators: Density of states and specific heat
journal, May 1993

Topological surface state in the Kondo insulator samarium hexaboride
journal, March 2014

Impurity-induced localization of quasiparticles in the presence of a pseudogap in CeNiSn
journal, June 1999

1/ N and Quantum Monte Carlo Studies of a Magnetic Impurity in an Insulator with a Small Gap
journal, October 1992

Localized Magnetic States in Metals
journal, October 1961

Excitons in topological Kondo insulators: Theory of thermodynamic and transport anomalies in ${SmB}_{6}$
journal, March 2017

Scaling Theory of the Asymmetric Anderson Model
journal, February 1978

Influence of the Mixed-Valences State on the Magnetic Excitation Spectrum of SmB6-Based Compounds
journal, October 1997

Specific heat of SmB6 at very low temperatures
journal, May 2006

Theory of quantum oscillations of magnetization in Kondo insulators
journal, August 2017

Numerical Renormalization Group Study of Magnetic Impurities in Superconductors
journal, September 1992

Bulk Rotational Symmetry Breaking in Kondo Insulator ${SmB}_{6}$
journal, September 2017

Introduction to Many-Body Physics
book, December 2015

Theory of $s - d$ Scattering in Dilute Magnetic Alloys. II. Derivation and Solution of Linear Vertex Equations
journal, September 1967

Transport gap in SmB ₆ protected against disorder
journal, June 2019

Magnetic dichroism in the Kondo insulator ${SmB}_{6}$
journal, January 2019

Impurity bands in Kondo insulators
journal, July 1992

Exact results in the theory of magnetic alloys
journal, January 1983

Correlation between Bulk Thermodynamic Measurements and the Low-Temperature-Resistance Plateau in ${SmB}_{6}$
journal, July 2014

Mixed-valence insulators with neutral Fermi surfaces
journal, May 2018

Critical examination of quantum oscillations in ${SmB}_{6}$
journal, November 2017

Dynamical mean-field theory of strongly correlated fermion systems and the limit of infinite dimensions
journal, January 1996

Heavy fermion semiconductors
journal, May 2000

Quantum Oscillation in Narrow-Gap Topological Insulators
journal, January 2016

Kondo Breakdown and Quantum Oscillations in ${SmB}_{6}$
journal, January 2016

Theory of topological Kondo insulators
journal, January 2012

Effects of spin excitons on the surface states of ${SmB}_{6}$ : A photoemission study
journal, December 2016

Electron scattering on magnetic impurities in metals and anomalous resistivity effects
journal, September 1965

Kondo hole behavior in ${Ce}_{0.97}$ ${La}_{0.03}$ ${Pd}_{3}$
journal, May 1996

Low-energy electrodynamics of ${SmB}_{6}$
journal, January 1999

Magnetic Impurity in Insulators with Small Energy Gap
journal, December 1993

Quantum oscillations in insulators with neutral Fermi surfaces
journal, January 2018

Bound State Due to the $s - d$ Exchange Interaction
journal, July 1966

Strongly interacting Dirac liquid on the surface of a topological Kondo insulator
journal, August 2014