Effects of fuel oxygenation and ducted fuel injection on the performance of a mixing-controlled compression-ignition optical engine with a two-orifice fuel injector

Mueller, Charles J.; Nilsen, Christopher W.; Biles, Drummond E.; Yraguen, Boni F.

doi:10.1016/j.jaecs.2021.100024

Title: Effects of fuel oxygenation and ducted fuel injection on the performance of a mixing-controlled compression-ignition optical engine with a two-orifice fuel injector

Abstract

This paper describes results from an optical-engine investigation of oxygenated fuel effects on ducted fuel injection (DFI) relative to conventional diesel combustion (CDC). Three fuels were tested: a baseline, non-oxygenated No. 2 emissions certification diesel (denoted CF_B), and two blends containing potential renewable oxygenates. The first oxygenated blend contained 25 vol% methyl decanoate in CF_B (denoted MD25), and the second contained 25 vol% tri-propylene glycol mono-methyl ether in CF_B (denoted T25). Whereas DFI and fuel oxygenation primarily curtail soot emissions, intake-oxygen mole fractions of 21% and 16% were employed to explore the potential additional beneficial impact of dilution on engine-out emissions of nitrogen oxides (NO_x). It was found that DFI with an oxygenated fuel can attenuate soot incandescence by ~100X (~10X from DFI and an additional ~10X from fuel oxygenation) relative to CDC with conventional diesel fuel, regardless of dilution level and without large effects on other emissions or efficiency. This breaks the soot/NO_x trade-off with dilution, enabling simultaneous reductions in both soot and NO_x emissions, even with conventional diesel fuel. Significant cyclic variability in soot incandescence for both CDC and DFI suggests that additional improvements in engine-out soot emissions may be possible via improved control of in-cylinder mixture formationmore » and evolution.« less

Authors:

Mueller, Charles J.; Nilsen, Christopher W.; Biles, Drummond E.;

Publication Date:: Tue Jun 01 00:00:00 EDT 2021

Research Org.:: Sandia National Lab. (SNL-CA), Livermore, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE); USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)

OSTI Identifier:: 1773558

Alternate Identifier(s):: OSTI ID: 1778029

Report Number(s):: SAND-2021-3641J
Journal ID: ISSN 2666-352X; S2666352X21000029; 100024; PII: S2666352X21000029

Grant/Contract Number:: NA0003525; AC04-94AL85000

Resource Type:: Published Article

Journal Name:: Applications in Energy and Combustion Science

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Name: Applications in Energy and Combustion Science Journal Volume: 6 Journal Issue: C; Journal ID: ISSN 2666-352X

Publisher:: Elsevier

Country of Publication:: United Kingdom

Language:: English

Subject:: 33 ADVANCED PROPULSION SYSTEMS; Diesel; engine; oxygenate; ducted fuel injection; optical; soot; combustion; emissions

Citation Formats


                    Mueller, Charles J., Nilsen, Christopher W., Biles, Drummond E., and Yraguen, Boni F. Effects of fuel oxygenation and ducted fuel injection on the performance of a mixing-controlled compression-ignition optical engine with a two-orifice fuel injector.  United Kingdom: N. p., 2021. 
Web.  doi:10.1016/j.jaecs.2021.100024.

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                    Mueller, Charles J., Nilsen, Christopher W., Biles, Drummond E., & Yraguen, Boni F. Effects of fuel oxygenation and ducted fuel injection on the performance of a mixing-controlled compression-ignition optical engine with a two-orifice fuel injector.  United Kingdom.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaecs.2021.100024

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                    Mueller, Charles J., Nilsen, Christopher W., Biles, Drummond E., and Yraguen, Boni F. Tue .  
"Effects of fuel oxygenation and ducted fuel injection on the performance of a mixing-controlled compression-ignition optical engine with a two-orifice fuel injector".  United Kingdom.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaecs.2021.100024.

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@article{osti_1773558,

  title        = {Effects of fuel oxygenation and ducted fuel injection on the performance of a mixing-controlled compression-ignition optical engine with a two-orifice fuel injector},

  author       = {Mueller, Charles J. and Nilsen, Christopher W. and Biles, Drummond E. and Yraguen, Boni F.},

  abstractNote = {This paper describes results from an optical-engine investigation of oxygenated fuel effects on ducted fuel injection (DFI) relative to conventional diesel combustion (CDC). Three fuels were tested: a baseline, non-oxygenated No. 2 emissions certification diesel (denoted CFB), and two blends containing potential renewable oxygenates. The first oxygenated blend contained 25 vol% methyl decanoate in CFB (denoted MD25), and the second contained 25 vol% tri-propylene glycol mono-methyl ether in CFB (denoted T25). Whereas DFI and fuel oxygenation primarily curtail soot emissions, intake-oxygen mole fractions of 21% and 16% were employed to explore the potential additional beneficial impact of dilution on engine-out emissions of nitrogen oxides (NOx). It was found that DFI with an oxygenated fuel can attenuate soot incandescence by ~100X (~10X from DFI and an additional ~10X from fuel oxygenation) relative to CDC with conventional diesel fuel, regardless of dilution level and without large effects on other emissions or efficiency. This breaks the soot/NOx trade-off with dilution, enabling simultaneous reductions in both soot and NOx emissions, even with conventional diesel fuel. Significant cyclic variability in soot incandescence for both CDC and DFI suggests that additional improvements in engine-out soot emissions may be possible via improved control of in-cylinder mixture formation and evolution.},

  doi          = {10.1016/j.jaecs.2021.100024},

  journal      = {Applications in Energy and Combustion Science},

  number       = C,

  volume       = 6,

  place        = {United Kingdom},

  year         = {Tue Jun 01 00:00:00 EDT 2021},

  month        = {Tue Jun 01 00:00:00 EDT 2021}

}

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Title: Effects of fuel oxygenation and ducted fuel injection on the performance of a mixing-controlled compression-ignition optical engine with a two-orifice fuel injector

Abstract

Citation Formats

Ducted fuel injection: A new approach for lowering soot emissions from direct-injection engines journal, October 2017

Global and regional climate changes due to black carbon journal, March 2008

Solid particulate mass and number from ducted fuel injection in an optically accessible diesel engine in skip-fired operation journal, April 2021

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Global metal flows in the renewable energy transition: Exploring the effects of substitutes, technological mix and development
journal, August 2018

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Detailed Diesel Combustion and Soot Formation Analysis with Improved Wall Model Using Large Eddy Simulation
journal, November 2015

In-flame soot quantification of diesel sprays under sooting/non-sooting critical conditions in an optical engine
journal, February 2019

An Experimental Investigation of Low-Soot and Soot-Free Combustion Strategies in a Heavy-Duty, Single-Cylinder, Direct-Injection, Optical Diesel Engine
journal, August 2011

A review of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells: Technology, applications, and needs on fundamental research
journal, April 2011

Chemical Kinetic Modeling Study of the Effects of Oxygenated Hydrocarbons on Soot Emissions from Diesel Engines ^†
journal, June 2006

Ash Effects on Diesel Particulate Filter Pressure Drop Sensitivity to Soot and Implications for Regeneration Frequency and DPF Control
journal, April 2010

Bounding the role of black carbon in the climate system: A scientific assessment: BLACK CARBON IN THE CLIMATE SYSTEM
journal, June 2013

Using Ducted Fuel Injection to Attenuate Soot Formation in a Mixing-Controlled Compression Ignition Engine
journal, February 2019

Characteristics and Effects of Ash Accumulation on Diesel Particulate Filter Performance: Rapidly Aged and Field Aged Results
conference, April 2009

Using ducted fuel injection to attenuate or prevent soot formation in mixing-controlled combustion strategies for engine applications
journal, September 2018

Environmental consequences of the use of batteries in low carbon systems: The impact of battery production
journal, May 2012

Oxygenates for Advanced Petroleum-Based Diesel Fuels: Part 1. Screening and Selection Methodology for the Oxygenates
conference, September 2001

Ducted Fuel Injection versus Conventional Diesel Combustion: An Operating-Parameter Sensitivity Study Conducted in an Optical Engine with a Four-Orifice Fuel Injector
journal, February 2020

Ducted Fuel Injection vs. Free-Spray Injection: A Study of Mixing and Entrainment Effects Using Numerical Modeling
journal, February 2020

Compendium of Experimental Cetane Numbers
report, August 2014

A Comparison of Methyl Decanoate and Tripropylene Glycol Monomethyl Ether for Soot-Free Combustion in an Optical Direct-Injection Diesel Engine
journal, April 2017

Investigation of Methyl Decanoate Combustion in an Optical Direct-Injection Diesel Engine
journal, November 2014

Review of Vehicle Engine Efficiency and Emissions
conference, April 2020

Effects of Fuel Volatility on Early Direct-Injection, Low-Temperature Combustion in an Optical Diesel Engine
journal, March 2010

Potential of long-chain oxymethylene ether and oxymethylene ether-diesel blends for ultra-low emission engines
journal, April 2019

Performance-advantaged ether diesel bioblendstock production by a priori design
journal, December 2019

Ducted Fuel Injection: Experimental and numerical investigation on fuel spray characteristics, air/fuel mixing and soot mitigation potential
journal, April 2021

Methodology for Formulating Diesel Surrogate Fuels with Accurate Compositional, Ignition-Quality, and Volatility Characteristics
journal, May 2012

Screening of Potential Biomass-Derived Streams as Fuel Blendstocks for Mixing Controlled Compression Ignition Combustion
conference, April 2019

Respiratory health effects of diesel particulate matter: Diesel particulate matter and health
journal, January 2012

Investigation of a novel leaner fuel spray formation for reducing soot in diffusive diesel combustion- Homogenizing equivalence ratio distribution in the lift-off region -
conference, December 2019

An optical investigation of Fischer-Tropsch diesel and Oxymethylene dimethyl ether impact on combustion process for CI engines
journal, February 2020

Ducted Fuel Injection: Effects of Stand-Off Distance and Duct Length on Soot Reduction
conference, April 2019

Co-optimization of Heavy-Duty Fuels and Engines: Cost Benefit Analysis and Implications
journal, October 2019

Diesel Surrogate Fuels for Engine Testing and Chemical-Kinetic Modeling: Compositions and Properties
journal, February 2016

Ducted Fuel Injection vs. Conventional Diesel Combustion: Extending the Load Range in an Optical Engine with a Four-Orifice Fuel Injector
journal, October 2020

Numerical Investigation of the Free and Ducted Fuel Injections under Compression Ignition Conditions
journal, October 2020

Opportunities and challenges for biodiesel fuel
journal, April 2011

Effects of Oxygenated Fuels on Combustion and Soot Formation/Oxidation Processes
journal, April 2014

Cuphea Oil as Source of Biodiesel with Improved Fuel Properties Caused by High Content of Methyl Decanoate ^†
journal, March 2009

Approaches to extremely low emissions and efficient diesel combustion with oxygenated fuels
journal, February 2000