Title: Process design tools and techno-economic analysis for capacitive deionization

Abstract

Capacitive deionization (CDI) devices use cyclical electrosorption on porous electrode surfaces to achieve water desalination. Process modeling and design of CDI systems requires accurate treatment of the coupling among input electrical forcing, input flow rates, and system responses including salt removal dynamics, water recovery, energy storage, and dissipation. Techno-economic analyses of CDI further require a method to calculate and compare between a produced commodity (e.g. desalted water) versus capital and operational costs of the system. In this work, we demonstrate a new modeling and analysis tool for CDI developed as an installable Matlab program that allows direct numerical simulation of CDI dynamics and calculation of key performance and cost parameters. The program is provided for free and is used to run open-source Simulink models. The Simulink environment sends information to the program and allows for a drag and drop design space where users can connect CDI cells to relevant periphery blocks such as grid energy, battery, solar panel, waste disposal, and maintenance/labor cost streams. The program allows for simulation of arbitrary current forcing and arbitrary flow rate forcing of one or more CDI cells. We employ validated well-mixed reactor formulations together with a non-linear circuit model formulation that can accommodatemore » a variety of electric double layer sub-models (e.g. for charge efficiency). The program includes a graphical user interface (GUI) to specify CDI plant parameters, specify operating conditions, run individual tests or parameter batch-mode simulations, and plot relevant results. The techno-economic models convert among dimensional streams of species (e.g. feed, desalted water, and brine), energy, and cost and enable a variety of economic estimates including levelized water costs.« less

Authors:

Hasseler, Tristan D. ^[1]; Ramachandran, Ashwin ^[1]; Tarpeh, William A. ^[1]; Stadermann, Michael ^[2]; Santiago, Juan G. ^[1]

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+ Show Author Affiliations

1. Stanford Univ., CA (United States)
2. Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)

Publication Date:

Sat Jun 20 00:00:00 EDT 2020

Research Org.:

Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:

USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)

OSTI Identifier:

1772305

Alternate Identifier(s):

OSTI ID: 1809461

Report Number(s):

LLNL-JRNL-820659
Journal ID: ISSN 0043-1354; 1031980

Grant/Contract Number:  

AC52-07NA27344

Resource Type:

Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:

Water Research

Additional Journal Information:

Journal Volume: 183; Journal ID: ISSN 0043-1354

Publisher:

Elsevier

Country of Publication:

United States

Language:

English

Subject:

42 ENGINEERING; water desalination; capacitive deionization; process design tool; variable flow; electrode aging; techno-economic analysis