A mechanistic study of mesoporous TiO2 nanoparticle negative electrode materials with varying crystallinity for lithium ion batteries

Deng, Changjian; Lau, Miu Lun; Ma, Chunrong; Skinner, Paige; Liu, Yuzi; Xu, Wenqian; Zhou, Hua; Zhang, Xianghui; Wu, Di; Yin, Yadong; Ren, Yang; Perez, Jorge; Jaramillo, Diana; Barnes, Pete; Hou, Dewen; Dahl, Michael; Williford, Bethany; Zheng, Chong; Xiong, Hui (Claire)

doi:10.1039/c9ta12499c

Title: A mechanistic study of mesoporous TiO₂ nanoparticle negative electrode materials with varying crystallinity for lithium ion batteries

Journal Article · 19 January 2020 · Journal of Materials Chemistry. A

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1039/c9ta12499c · OSTI ID:1763356

Deng, Changjian ^[1]; Lau, Miu Lun ^[2];

^[2]; Skinner, Paige ^[2]; Liu, Yuzi ^[3]; Xu, Wenqian ^[4]; Zhou, Hua ^[4]; Zhang, Xianghui ^[5];

^[5]; Yin, Yadong ^[6]; Ren, Yang ^[4]; Perez, Jorge ^[2]; Jaramillo, Diana ^[2]; Barnes, Pete ^[2]; Hou, Dewen ^[2]; Dahl, Michael ^[7]; Williford, Bethany ^[2]; Zheng, Chong ^[8];

^[9]

Shenzhen Polytechnic (China). Hoffmann Inst. of Advanced Materials; Boise State Univ., ID (United States); Northern Illinois Univ., DeKalb, IL (United States)
Boise State Univ., ID (United States)
Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Lemont, IL (United States). Center for Nanoscale Materials
Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Lemont, IL (United States). Advanced Photon Source (APS)
Washington State Univ., Pullman, WA (United States)
Univ. of California, Riverside, CA (United States)
Boise State Univ., ID (United States); Univ. of California, Riverside, CA (United States)
Shenzhen Polytechnic (China). Hoffmann Inst. of Advanced Materials; Northern Illinois Univ., DeKalb, IL (United States)
Boise State Univ., ID (United States); Center for Advanced Energy Studies (CAES), Idaho Falls, ID (United States)

Nanoscale oxide-based negative electrodes are of great interest for lithium ion batteries due to their high energy density, power density and enhanced safety. In this work, we conducted a case study on mesoporous TiO₂ nanoparticle negative electrodes with uniform size and varying crystallinity in order to investigate the trend in the electrochemical properties of oxide-based nanoscale negative electrodes with varying crystallinity. Furthermore, mesoporous solid spherical TiO₂ nanoparticles with a uniform particle size and varying crystallinity, i.e., amorphous TiO₂ (A-TiO₂), partially crystalline TiO₂ (PC-TiO₂) and fully crystalline TiO₂ (FC-TiO₂) nanoparticles were studied. At low current rate (quasi steady-state), the specific capacity of the samples drops with the decrease of crystallinity. Ex situ synchrotron pair distribution function analysis reveals that the 1D zigzag Li ion diffusion pathway becomes expanded with the increase of crystallinity, which promotes ion mobility and charge storage. At high current rates (away from equilibrium states), however, the A-TiO₂ sample demonstrates slightly larger capacity than the FC-TiO₂ sample, both of which show larger capacities than that of the PC-TiO₂ sample. Both A-TiO₂ and FC-TiO₂ samples exhibit higher capacitive contribution to the charge storage and larger Li⁺ diffusivity than those of the PC-TiO₂ sample, which explains their better rate capability. Moreover, the larger Li⁺ diffusivity of the A-TiO₂ sample leads to the slightly larger specific capacity than the FC-TiO₂ sample at the highest current rate.

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Research Organization:: Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: National Science Foundation (NSF); USDOE; USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES). Scientific User Facilities Division

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-06CH11357

OSTI ID:: 1763356

Journal Information:: Journal of Materials Chemistry. A, Journal Name: Journal of Materials Chemistry. A Journal Issue: 6 Vol. 8; ISSN 2050-7488

Publisher:: Royal Society of ChemistryCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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