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Title: Strong dependence of Type Ia supernova standardization on the local specific star formation rate

Abstract

As part of an on-going effort to identify, understand and correct for astrophysics biases in the standardization of Type Ia supernovae (SN Ia) for cosmology, we have statistically classified a large sample of nearby SNe Ia into those that are located in predominantly younger or older environments. This classification is based on the specific star formation rate measured within a projected distance of 1 kpc from each SN location (LsSFR). This is an important refinement compared to using the local star formation rate directly, as it provides a normalization for relative numbers of available SN progenitors and is more robust against extinction by dust. We find that the SNe Ia in predominantly younger environments are ΔY = 0.163 ± 0.029 mag (5.7σ) fainter than those in predominantly older environments after conventional light-curve standardization. This is the strongest standardized SN Ia brightness systematic connected to the host-galaxy environment measured to date. The well-established step in standardized brightnesses between SNe Ia in hosts with lower or higher total stellar masses is smaller, at ΔM = 0.119 ± 0.032 mag (4.5σ), for the same set of SNe Ia. When fit simultaneously, the environment-age offset remains very significant, with ΔY = 0.129 ± 0.032more » mag (4.0σ), while the global stellar mass step is reduced to ΔM = 0.064 ± 0.029 mag (2.2σ). Thus, approximately 70% of the variance from the stellar mass step is due to an underlying dependence on environment-based progenitor age. Also, we verify that using the local star formation rate alone is not as powerful as LsSFR at sorting SNe Ia into brighter and fainter subsets. Standardization that only uses the SNe Ia in younger environments reduces the total dispersion from 0.142 ± 0.008 mag to 0.120 ± 0.010 mag. Overall, we show that as environment-ages evolve with redshift, a strong bias, especially on the measurement of the derivative of the dark energy equation of state, can develop. Fortunately, data that measure and correct for this effect using our local specific star formation rate indicator, are likely to be available for many next-generation SN Ia cosmology experiments.« less

Authors:
ORCiD logo; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; more »; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; « less
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE Office of Science (SC); European Research Council (ERC); ANR
Contributing Org.:
The Nearby Supernova Factory
OSTI Identifier:
1762207
Grant/Contract Number:  
AC02-05CH11231; 759194; ANR-11-IDEX-0004-02; ANR-10-LABX-0066
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
Astronomy and Astrophysics
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 644; Journal ID: ISSN 0004-6361
Publisher:
EDP Sciences
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS; cosmology; cosmological parameters; dark energy

Citation Formats

Rigault, M., Brinnel, V., Aldering, G., Antilogus, P., Aragon, C., Bailey, S., Baltay, C., Barbary, K., Bongard, S., Boone, K., Buton, C., Childress, M., Chotard, N., Copin, Y., Dixon, S., Fagrelius, P., Feindt, U., Fouchez, D., Gangler, E., Hayden, B., Hillebrandt, W., Howell, D. A., Kim, A., Kowalski, M., Kuesters, D., Leget, P. -F., Lombardo, S., Lin, Q., Nordin, J., Pain, R., Pecontal, E., Pereira, R., Perlmutter, S., Rabinowitz, D., Runge, K., Rubin, D., Saunders, C., Smadja, G., Sofiatti, C., Suzuki, N., Taubenberger, S., Tao, C., and Thomas, R. C. Strong dependence of Type Ia supernova standardization on the local specific star formation rate. United States: N. p., 2020. Web. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201730404.
Rigault, M., Brinnel, V., Aldering, G., Antilogus, P., Aragon, C., Bailey, S., Baltay, C., Barbary, K., Bongard, S., Boone, K., Buton, C., Childress, M., Chotard, N., Copin, Y., Dixon, S., Fagrelius, P., Feindt, U., Fouchez, D., Gangler, E., Hayden, B., Hillebrandt, W., Howell, D. A., Kim, A., Kowalski, M., Kuesters, D., Leget, P. -F., Lombardo, S., Lin, Q., Nordin, J., Pain, R., Pecontal, E., Pereira, R., Perlmutter, S., Rabinowitz, D., Runge, K., Rubin, D., Saunders, C., Smadja, G., Sofiatti, C., Suzuki, N., Taubenberger, S., Tao, C., & Thomas, R. C. Strong dependence of Type Ia supernova standardization on the local specific star formation rate. United States. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201730404
Rigault, M., Brinnel, V., Aldering, G., Antilogus, P., Aragon, C., Bailey, S., Baltay, C., Barbary, K., Bongard, S., Boone, K., Buton, C., Childress, M., Chotard, N., Copin, Y., Dixon, S., Fagrelius, P., Feindt, U., Fouchez, D., Gangler, E., Hayden, B., Hillebrandt, W., Howell, D. A., Kim, A., Kowalski, M., Kuesters, D., Leget, P. -F., Lombardo, S., Lin, Q., Nordin, J., Pain, R., Pecontal, E., Pereira, R., Perlmutter, S., Rabinowitz, D., Runge, K., Rubin, D., Saunders, C., Smadja, G., Sofiatti, C., Suzuki, N., Taubenberger, S., Tao, C., and Thomas, R. C. Thu . "Strong dependence of Type Ia supernova standardization on the local specific star formation rate". United States. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201730404. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1762207.
@article{osti_1762207,
title = {Strong dependence of Type Ia supernova standardization on the local specific star formation rate},
author = {Rigault, M. and Brinnel, V. and Aldering, G. and Antilogus, P. and Aragon, C. and Bailey, S. and Baltay, C. and Barbary, K. and Bongard, S. and Boone, K. and Buton, C. and Childress, M. and Chotard, N. and Copin, Y. and Dixon, S. and Fagrelius, P. and Feindt, U. and Fouchez, D. and Gangler, E. and Hayden, B. and Hillebrandt, W. and Howell, D. A. and Kim, A. and Kowalski, M. and Kuesters, D. and Leget, P. -F. and Lombardo, S. and Lin, Q. and Nordin, J. and Pain, R. and Pecontal, E. and Pereira, R. and Perlmutter, S. and Rabinowitz, D. and Runge, K. and Rubin, D. and Saunders, C. and Smadja, G. and Sofiatti, C. and Suzuki, N. and Taubenberger, S. and Tao, C. and Thomas, R. C.},
abstractNote = {As part of an on-going effort to identify, understand and correct for astrophysics biases in the standardization of Type Ia supernovae (SN Ia) for cosmology, we have statistically classified a large sample of nearby SNe Ia into those that are located in predominantly younger or older environments. This classification is based on the specific star formation rate measured within a projected distance of 1 kpc from each SN location (LsSFR). This is an important refinement compared to using the local star formation rate directly, as it provides a normalization for relative numbers of available SN progenitors and is more robust against extinction by dust. We find that the SNe Ia in predominantly younger environments are ΔY = 0.163 ± 0.029 mag (5.7σ) fainter than those in predominantly older environments after conventional light-curve standardization. This is the strongest standardized SN Ia brightness systematic connected to the host-galaxy environment measured to date. The well-established step in standardized brightnesses between SNe Ia in hosts with lower or higher total stellar masses is smaller, at ΔM = 0.119 ± 0.032 mag (4.5σ), for the same set of SNe Ia. When fit simultaneously, the environment-age offset remains very significant, with ΔY = 0.129 ± 0.032 mag (4.0σ), while the global stellar mass step is reduced to ΔM = 0.064 ± 0.029 mag (2.2σ). Thus, approximately 70% of the variance from the stellar mass step is due to an underlying dependence on environment-based progenitor age. Also, we verify that using the local star formation rate alone is not as powerful as LsSFR at sorting SNe Ia into brighter and fainter subsets. Standardization that only uses the SNe Ia in younger environments reduces the total dispersion from 0.142 ± 0.008 mag to 0.120 ± 0.010 mag. Overall, we show that as environment-ages evolve with redshift, a strong bias, especially on the measurement of the derivative of the dark energy equation of state, can develop. Fortunately, data that measure and correct for this effect using our local specific star formation rate indicator, are likely to be available for many next-generation SN Ia cosmology experiments.},
doi = {10.1051/0004-6361/201730404},
journal = {Astronomy and Astrophysics},
number = ,
volume = 644,
place = {United States},
year = {Thu Dec 17 00:00:00 EST 2020},
month = {Thu Dec 17 00:00:00 EST 2020}
}

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Works referencing / citing this record:

The Next Generation of Cosmological Measurements with Type Ia Supernovae
preprint, January 2019


Dark Gravitational Field on Riemannian and Sasaki Spacetime
text, January 2021