Life-cycle environmental impacts of single-junction and tandem perovskite PVs: a critical review and future perspectives

Leccisi, Enrica; Fthenakis, Vasilis

doi:10.1088/2516-1083/ab7e84

Title: Life-cycle environmental impacts of single-junction and tandem perovskite PVs: a critical review and future perspectives

Journal Article · 23 July 2020 · Progress in Energy

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1088/2516-1083/ab7e84 · OSTI ID:1746032

^[1];

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Columbia Univ., New York, NY (United States); Columbia University
Columbia Univ., New York, NY (United States)

For new technologies, such as perovskite solar cells (PSC), life cycle analysis (LCA) offers a fundamental framework for examining potential environmental, energy and health impacts and mitigation options before large-scale commercialization and for guiding improvements in development and production that further reduce their environmental footprint. However, credible LCA studies require actual process-based material, energy and emissions data, which may not exist before the technologies are commercially produced. Thus, the perovskite LCA literature is based on linear extrapolations of laboratory data. In this paper we critically reviewed the PSC LCA literature, explain the reasoning for a wide divergence of results, and determined which data apply to scalable industrial production, materials and processes. Our investigation probed into the formulation of each layer of a PSC device, and its potential for industrial scale fabrication. We found that electricity use is the main contributor to reported LCA results, explaining the large difference, ranging from 7.78 kWh to 1,460 kWh/m^–2, among various studies. Subsequently, we identified and discuss methodological errors in some of these estimates. In terms of life-cycle toxicity most of the reviewed LCA studies do not attribute any major overall toxicity impact to the presence of lead in the PSC devices. We also reviewed and critiqued studies describing “worst-case” scenarios of accidental release of lead into the environment, and, in spite of statements in those studies, we found them to be inconclusive. Lastly, we discussed end-of-life (EoL) management options for resource recovery and for minimizing environmental impacts.

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Research Organization:: Columbia Univ., New York, NY (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Renewable Power Office. Solar Energy Technologies Office

Grant/Contract Number:: EE0008543

OSTI ID:: 1746032

Journal Information:: Progress in Energy, Journal Name: Progress in Energy Journal Issue: 3 Vol. 2; ISSN 2516-1083

Publisher:: IOP PublishingCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Title: Life-cycle environmental impacts of single-junction and tandem perovskite PVs: a critical review and future perspectives

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