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Title: Hierarchical control system for a flexible microgrid with dynamic boundary: design, implementation and testing

Abstract

The design, implementation, and testing of a control system for a flexible microgrid (MG) is presented in this study. The MG controllers can be implemented in a real-world MG with multiple smart switches, photovoltaic panel system, and battery energy storage systems (BESSs). With the benefits from smart switches, the MG has unique characteristics such as dynamic boundary and flexible point of interconnection (POI) concepts. To control such a unique MG and realise the dynamic boundary, an MG central controller and two types of local controllers are implemented. Compared to the MG with fixed boundary, the MG with dynamic boundary can have smaller BESS capacity, better utilisation of renewable energy, and multiple POI options. Also, compared with IEEE Std 2030.7–2017, the topology identification and active and reactive power balance functions are newly designed to realise the dynamic boundary concept. The planned islanding and reconnection functions are modified to realise the flexible POI concept. These functions are introduced including the software architecture, cooperation, and interaction among them. Finally, a hardware-in-the-loop testing platform based on the Opal-RT real-time simulator is set up to verify the performance, realisation of the dynamic boundary, and flexible POI concepts with four comprehensive test scenarios.

Authors:
 [1];  [1];  [1];  [2];  [1];  [3];  [4];  [4];  [4]
+ Show Author Affiliations
  1. Min H. Kao, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer ScienceThe University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN37996USA
  2. College of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, Sichuan UniversityChengdu610065People's Republic of China
  3. Electric Power Board of Chattanooga (EPB)ChattanoogaTN37422USA
  4. Min H. Kao, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer ScienceThe University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN37996USA, Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTN37830USA
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE Advanced Research Projects Agency - Energy (ARPA-E); National Science Foundation (NSF)
OSTI Identifier:
1742052
Alternate Identifier(s):
OSTI ID: 1761695; OSTI ID: 1786712
Grant/Contract Number:  
DE‐AR0000665; AC05-00OR22725; AR0000665; EEC1041877
Resource Type:
Published Article
Journal Name:
IET Smart Grid
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Name: IET Smart Grid Journal Volume: 2 Journal Issue: 4; Journal ID: ISSN 2515-2947
Publisher:
Institution of Engineering and Technology (IET)
Country of Publication:
United Kingdom
Language:
English
Subject:
24 POWER TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION; battery storage plants; distributed power generation; smart power grids; power distribution faults; IEEE standards; hierarchical systems; power distribution control; hierarchical control system; flexible microgrid; MG controllers; real-world MG; multiple smart switches; photovoltaic panel system; battery energy storage systems; flexible point; unique MG; MG central controller; local controllers; fixed boundary; dynamic boundary concept; flexible POI concept

Citation Formats

Yin, He, Ma, Yiwei, Zhu, Lin, Hu, Xiaotong, Su, Yu, Glass, Jim, Wang, Fred, Liu, Yilu, and Tolbert, Leon M. Hierarchical control system for a flexible microgrid with dynamic boundary: design, implementation and testing. United Kingdom: N. p., 2019. Web. doi:10.1049/iet-stg.2019.0115.
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Yin, He, Ma, Yiwei, Zhu, Lin, Hu, Xiaotong, Su, Yu, Glass, Jim, Wang, Fred, Liu, Yilu, & Tolbert, Leon M. Hierarchical control system for a flexible microgrid with dynamic boundary: design, implementation and testing. United Kingdom. https://doi.org/10.1049/iet-stg.2019.0115
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Yin, He, Ma, Yiwei, Zhu, Lin, Hu, Xiaotong, Su, Yu, Glass, Jim, Wang, Fred, Liu, Yilu, and Tolbert, Leon M. Mon . "Hierarchical control system for a flexible microgrid with dynamic boundary: design, implementation and testing". United Kingdom. https://doi.org/10.1049/iet-stg.2019.0115.
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@article{osti_1742052,
title = {Hierarchical control system for a flexible microgrid with dynamic boundary: design, implementation and testing},
author = {Yin, He and Ma, Yiwei and Zhu, Lin and Hu, Xiaotong and Su, Yu and Glass, Jim and Wang, Fred and Liu, Yilu and Tolbert, Leon M.},
abstractNote = {The design, implementation, and testing of a control system for a flexible microgrid (MG) is presented in this study. The MG controllers can be implemented in a real-world MG with multiple smart switches, photovoltaic panel system, and battery energy storage systems (BESSs). With the benefits from smart switches, the MG has unique characteristics such as dynamic boundary and flexible point of interconnection (POI) concepts. To control such a unique MG and realise the dynamic boundary, an MG central controller and two types of local controllers are implemented. Compared to the MG with fixed boundary, the MG with dynamic boundary can have smaller BESS capacity, better utilisation of renewable energy, and multiple POI options. Also, compared with IEEE Std 2030.7–2017, the topology identification and active and reactive power balance functions are newly designed to realise the dynamic boundary concept. The planned islanding and reconnection functions are modified to realise the flexible POI concept. These functions are introduced including the software architecture, cooperation, and interaction among them. Finally, a hardware-in-the-loop testing platform based on the Opal-RT real-time simulator is set up to verify the performance, realisation of the dynamic boundary, and flexible POI concepts with four comprehensive test scenarios.},
doi = {10.1049/iet-stg.2019.0115},
journal = {IET Smart Grid},
number = 4,
volume = 2,
place = {United Kingdom},
year = {Mon Sep 30 00:00:00 EDT 2019},
month = {Mon Sep 30 00:00:00 EDT 2019}
}
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https://doi.org/10.1049/iet-stg.2019.0115
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