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Title: Probing the nature of dark matter with accreted globular cluster streams

Abstract

ABSTRACT The steepness of the central density profiles of dark matter (DM) in low-mass galaxy haloes (e.g. dwarf galaxies) is a powerful probe of the nature of DM. We propose a novel scheme to probe the inner profiles of galaxy subhaloes using stellar streams. We show that the present-day morphological and dynamical properties of accreted globular cluster (GC) streams – those produced from tidal stripping of GCs that initially evolved within satellite galaxies and later merged with the Milky Way (MW) – are sensitive to the central DM density profile and mass of their parent satellites. GCs that accrete within cuspy cold dark matter (CDM) subhaloes produce streams that are physically wider and dynamically hotter than streams that accrete inside cored subhaloes. A first comparison of MW streams ‘GD-1’ and ‘Jhelum’ (likely of accreted GC origin) with our simulations indicates a preference for cored subhaloes. If these results hold up in future data, the implication is that either the DM cusps were erased by baryonic feedback, or their subhaloes naturally possessed cored density profiles implying particle physics models beyond CDM. Moreover, accreted GC streams are highly structured and exhibit complex morphological features (e.g. parallel structures and ‘spurs’). This implies thatmore » the accretion scenario can naturally explain the recently observed peculiarities in some of the MW streams. We also propose a novel mechanism for forming ‘gaps’ in stellar streams when the remnant of the parent subhalo (which hosted the GC) later passes through the GC stream. This encounter can last a longer time (and have more of an impact) than the random encounters with DM subhaloes previously considered, because the GC stream and its parent subhalo are on similar orbits with small relative velocities. Current and future surveys of the MW halo will uncover numerous faint stellar streams and provide the data needed to substantiate our preliminary tests with this new probe of DM.« less

Authors:
 [1];  [2];  [3]
  1. The Oskar Klein Centre, Department of Physics, Stockholm University, AlbaNova, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
  2. Department of Astronomy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
  3. The Oskar Klein Centre, Department of Physics, Stockholm University, AlbaNova, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden, Theory Group, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Austin, 2515 Speedway, C1600, Austin, TX 78712-0264, USA, Leinweber Center for Theoretical Physics, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Univ. of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE
OSTI Identifier:
1737673
Alternate Identifier(s):
OSTI ID: 1831063
Grant/Contract Number:  
SC007859; SC0007859
Resource Type:
Published Article
Journal Name:
Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Name: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society Journal Volume: 501 Journal Issue: 1; Journal ID: ISSN 0035-8711
Publisher:
Oxford University Press
Country of Publication:
United Kingdom
Language:
English
Subject:
79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS; stars: kinematics and dynamics; (Galaxy:) globular clusters: individual; Galaxy: halo; (cosmology:) dark matter

Citation Formats

Malhan, Khyati, Valluri, Monica, and Freese, Katherine. Probing the nature of dark matter with accreted globular cluster streams. United Kingdom: N. p., 2020. Web. doi:10.1093/mnras/staa3597.
Malhan, Khyati, Valluri, Monica, & Freese, Katherine. Probing the nature of dark matter with accreted globular cluster streams. United Kingdom. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa3597
Malhan, Khyati, Valluri, Monica, and Freese, Katherine. Thu . "Probing the nature of dark matter with accreted globular cluster streams". United Kingdom. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa3597.
@article{osti_1737673,
title = {Probing the nature of dark matter with accreted globular cluster streams},
author = {Malhan, Khyati and Valluri, Monica and Freese, Katherine},
abstractNote = {ABSTRACT The steepness of the central density profiles of dark matter (DM) in low-mass galaxy haloes (e.g. dwarf galaxies) is a powerful probe of the nature of DM. We propose a novel scheme to probe the inner profiles of galaxy subhaloes using stellar streams. We show that the present-day morphological and dynamical properties of accreted globular cluster (GC) streams – those produced from tidal stripping of GCs that initially evolved within satellite galaxies and later merged with the Milky Way (MW) – are sensitive to the central DM density profile and mass of their parent satellites. GCs that accrete within cuspy cold dark matter (CDM) subhaloes produce streams that are physically wider and dynamically hotter than streams that accrete inside cored subhaloes. A first comparison of MW streams ‘GD-1’ and ‘Jhelum’ (likely of accreted GC origin) with our simulations indicates a preference for cored subhaloes. If these results hold up in future data, the implication is that either the DM cusps were erased by baryonic feedback, or their subhaloes naturally possessed cored density profiles implying particle physics models beyond CDM. Moreover, accreted GC streams are highly structured and exhibit complex morphological features (e.g. parallel structures and ‘spurs’). This implies that the accretion scenario can naturally explain the recently observed peculiarities in some of the MW streams. We also propose a novel mechanism for forming ‘gaps’ in stellar streams when the remnant of the parent subhalo (which hosted the GC) later passes through the GC stream. This encounter can last a longer time (and have more of an impact) than the random encounters with DM subhaloes previously considered, because the GC stream and its parent subhalo are on similar orbits with small relative velocities. Current and future surveys of the MW halo will uncover numerous faint stellar streams and provide the data needed to substantiate our preliminary tests with this new probe of DM.},
doi = {10.1093/mnras/staa3597},
journal = {Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society},
number = 1,
volume = 501,
place = {United Kingdom},
year = {Thu Nov 19 00:00:00 EST 2020},
month = {Thu Nov 19 00:00:00 EST 2020}
}

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  • Renaud, Florent; Gieles, Mark
  • Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 448, Issue 4
  • DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stv245

The origin of the Milky Way globular clusters
journal, November 2016

  • Renaud, Florent; Agertz, Oscar; Gieles, Mark
  • Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 465, Issue 3
  • DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stw2969

Be it therefore resolved: cosmological simulations of dwarf galaxies with 30 solar mass resolution
journal, October 2019

  • Wheeler, Coral; Hopkins, Philip F.; Pace, Andrew B.
  • Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 490, Issue 3
  • DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stz2887

Tidal disruption of fuzzy dark matter subhalo cores
journal, March 2018


Chaotic dispersal of tidal debris
journal, November 2015

  • Price-Whelan, Adrian M.; Johnston, Kathryn V.; Valluri, Monica
  • Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 455, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stv2383

The Spur and the Gap in GD-1: Dynamical Evidence for a Dark Substructure in the Milky Way Halo
journal, July 2019

  • Bonaca, Ana; Hogg, David W.; Price-Whelan, Adrian M.
  • The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 880, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ab2873

The structure of cold dark matter halos
journal, September 1991

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Globular Clusters in a Cosmological N -body Simulation
journal, July 2018


Constraining the Milky Way halo potential with the GD-1 stellar stream
journal, April 2019

  • Malhan, Khyati; Ibata, Rodrigo A.
  • Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 486, Issue 3
  • DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stz1035

Observational Evidence for Self-Interacting Cold Dark Matter
journal, April 2000


Stellar Kinematics in the Remote Leo II Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxy--Another Brick in the Wall
journal, June 2007

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  • The Astronomical Journal, Vol. 134, Issue 2
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Off the Beaten Path: Gaia Reveals GD-1 Stars outside of the Main Stream
journal, August 2018


The case for a cold dark matter cusp in Draco
journal, August 2018

  • Read, J. I.; Walker, M. G.; Steger, P.
  • Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 481, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1093/mnras/sty2286

Stray, swing and scatter: angular momentum evolution of orbits and streams in aspherical potentials
journal, June 2016

  • Erkal, Denis; Sanders, Jason L.; Belokurov, Vasily
  • Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 461, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stw1400

Simulating Tidal Streams in a High-Resolution dark Matter halo
journal, April 2015


The Aquarius Project: the subhaloes of galactic haloes
journal, December 2008


Dark Matter Substructure within Galactic Halos
journal, October 1999

  • Moore, Ben; Ghigna, Sebastiano; Governato, Fabio
  • The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 524, Issue 1
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The Structure of Dark Matter Halos in Dwarf Galaxies
journal, July 1995

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Stellar streams as probes of dark halo mass and morphology: a Bayesian reconstruction: Stellar streams as dark halo probes
journal, September 2011


Substructure in Dark Halos: Orbital Eccentricities and Dynamical Friction
journal, April 1999

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The Luminosity Function of Young Star Clusters in “the Antennae” Galaxies (NGC 4038/4039)
journal, October 1999

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Gaia Data Release 2 : Kinematics of globular clusters and dwarf galaxies around the Milky Way★
journal, August 2018


Palomar 5 and its tidal tails: a search for new members in the tidal stream
journal, December 2014

  • Kuzma, P. B.; Da Costa, G. S.; Keller, S. C.
  • Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 446, Issue 4
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