Oxidation of the Interiors of Carbide Exoplanets
Abstract
Astrophysical measurements have shown that some stars have sufficiently high carbon-to-oxygen ratios such that the planets they host would be mainly composed of carbides instead of silicates. We studied the behavior of silicon carbide in the presence of water under the high pressure–temperature conditions relevant to planetary interiors in the laser-heated diamond-anvil cell. When reacting with water, silicon carbide converts to silica (stishovite) and diamond at pressures up to 50 GPa and temperatures up to 2500 K: $$\mathrm{SiC}+2{{\rm{H}}}_{2}{\rm{O}}\to {\mathrm{SiO}}_{2}+{\rm{C}}+2{{\rm{H}}}_{2}$$. Therefore, if water can be incorporated into carbide planets during their formation or through later delivery, they could be oxidized and have mineralogy dominated by silicates and diamond in their interiors. The reaction could produce CH4 at shallower depths and H2 at greater depths that could be degassed from the interior, causing the atmospheres of the converted carbon planets to be rich in reducing gases. Excess water after the reaction can be stored in dense silica polymorphs in the interiors of the converted carbon planets. Such conversion of mineralogy to diamond and silicates would decrease the density of carbon-rich planet, making the converted planets distinct from silicate planets in mass–radius relations for the 2–8 Earth mass range.
- Authors:
-
[1];
[1]
- Arizona State Univ., Tempe, AZ (United States)
- Univ. of Chicago, IL (United States)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States). Advanced Photon Source (APS)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC); National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA); National Science Foundation (NSF)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1736298
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC02-06CH11357; FG02-94ER14466; 80NSSC18K0353; EAR-1634415
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- The Planetary Science Journal
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 1; Journal Issue: 2; Journal ID: ISSN 2632-3338
- Publisher:
- IOP Publishing
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- ENGLISH
- Subject:
- 79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS; exoplanet structure; exoplanet atmospheres; carbon planets; exoplanet evolution
Citation Formats
Allen-Sutter, H., Garhart, E., Leinenweber, K., Prakapenka, V., Greenberg, E., and Shim, S. -H. Oxidation of the Interiors of Carbide Exoplanets. United States: N. p., 2020.
Web. doi:10.3847/psj/abaa3e.
Allen-Sutter, H., Garhart, E., Leinenweber, K., Prakapenka, V., Greenberg, E., & Shim, S. -H. Oxidation of the Interiors of Carbide Exoplanets. United States. https://doi.org/10.3847/psj/abaa3e
Allen-Sutter, H., Garhart, E., Leinenweber, K., Prakapenka, V., Greenberg, E., and Shim, S. -H. Wed .
"Oxidation of the Interiors of Carbide Exoplanets". United States. https://doi.org/10.3847/psj/abaa3e. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1736298.
@article{osti_1736298,
title = {Oxidation of the Interiors of Carbide Exoplanets},
author = {Allen-Sutter, H. and Garhart, E. and Leinenweber, K. and Prakapenka, V. and Greenberg, E. and Shim, S. -H.},
abstractNote = {Astrophysical measurements have shown that some stars have sufficiently high carbon-to-oxygen ratios such that the planets they host would be mainly composed of carbides instead of silicates. We studied the behavior of silicon carbide in the presence of water under the high pressure–temperature conditions relevant to planetary interiors in the laser-heated diamond-anvil cell. When reacting with water, silicon carbide converts to silica (stishovite) and diamond at pressures up to 50 GPa and temperatures up to 2500 K: $\mathrm{SiC}+2{{\rm{H}}}_{2}{\rm{O}}\to {\mathrm{SiO}}_{2}+{\rm{C}}+2{{\rm{H}}}_{2}$. Therefore, if water can be incorporated into carbide planets during their formation or through later delivery, they could be oxidized and have mineralogy dominated by silicates and diamond in their interiors. The reaction could produce CH4 at shallower depths and H2 at greater depths that could be degassed from the interior, causing the atmospheres of the converted carbon planets to be rich in reducing gases. Excess water after the reaction can be stored in dense silica polymorphs in the interiors of the converted carbon planets. Such conversion of mineralogy to diamond and silicates would decrease the density of carbon-rich planet, making the converted planets distinct from silicate planets in mass–radius relations for the 2–8 Earth mass range.},
doi = {10.3847/psj/abaa3e},
journal = {The Planetary Science Journal},
number = 2,
volume = 1,
place = {United States},
year = {Wed Aug 26 00:00:00 EDT 2020},
month = {Wed Aug 26 00:00:00 EDT 2020}
}
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