From core collapse to superluminous: the rates of massive stellar explosions from the Palomar Transient Factory
Abstract
ABSTRACT We present measurements of the local core-collapse supernova (CCSN) rate using SN discoveries from the Palomar Transient Factory (PTF). We use a Monte Carlo simulation of hundreds of millions of SN light-curve realizations coupled with the detailed PTF survey detection efficiencies to forward model the SN rates in PTF. Using a sample of 86 CCSNe, including 26 stripped-envelope SNe (SESNe), we show that the overall CCSN volumetric rate is $$r^\mathrm{CC}_v=9.10_{-1.27}^{+1.56}\times 10^{-5}\, \text{SNe yr}^{-1}\, \text{Mpc}^{-3}\, h_{70}^{3}$$ at 〈z〉 = 0.028, and the SESN volumetric rate is $$r^\mathrm{SE}_v=2.41_{-0.64}^{+0.81}\times 10^{-5}\, \text{SNe yr}^{-1}\, \text{Mpc}^{-3}\, h_{70}^{3}$$. We further measure a volumetric rate for hydrogen-free superluminous SNe (SLSNe-I) using eight events at z ≤ 0.2 of $$r^\mathrm{SLSN-I}_v=35_{-13}^{+25}\, \text{SNe yr}^{-1}\text{Gpc}^{-3}\, h_{70}^{3}$$, which represents the most precise SLSN-I rate measurement to date. Using a simple cosmic star formation history to adjust these volumetric rate measurements to the same redshift, we measure a local ratio of SLSN-I to SESN of $${\sim}1/810^{+1500}_{-94}$$, and of SLSN-I to all CCSN types of $${\sim}1/3500^{+2800}_{-720}$$. However, using host galaxy stellar mass as a proxy for metallicity, we also show that this ratio is strongly metallicity dependent: in low-mass (logM* < 9.5 M⊙) galaxies, which are the only environments that host SLSN-I in our sample, we measure an SLSN-I to SESN fraction of $$1/300^{+380}_{-170}$$ and $$1/1700^{+1800}_{-720}$$ for all CCSN. We further investigate the SN rates a function of host galaxy stellar mass, and show that the specific rates of all CCSNe decrease with increasing stellar mass.
- Authors:
-
[1];
[2];
[3];
[4];
[5];
- Institute of Cosmology and Gravitation, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth PO1 3FX, UK
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK, DARK, Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Lyngbyvej 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Institute of Cosmology and Gravitation, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth PO1 3FX, UK, DISCnet Centre for Doctoral Training, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth PO1 3FX, UK
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK, Université de Lyon 1, CNRS/IN2P3, Institut de Physique des Deux Infinis, 69622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France
- Department of Astronomy, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720-3411, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
- Astrophysics Science Division, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Mail Code 661, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA, Joint Space-Science Institute, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
- Department of Particle Physics and Astrophysics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
- Cahill Centre for Astrophysics, California Institute of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Department of Astronomy/Mount Laguna Observatory, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA 92812-1221, USA, Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, Japan
- Publication Date:
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1735681
- Resource Type:
- Published Article
- Journal Name:
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Name: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society Journal Volume: 500 Journal Issue: 4; Journal ID: ISSN 0035-8711
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- Country of Publication:
- United Kingdom
- Language:
- English
Citation Formats
Frohmaier, C., Angus, C. R., Vincenzi, M., Sullivan, M., Smith, M., Nugent, P. E., Cenko, S. B., Gal-Yam, A., Kulkarni, S. R., Law, N. M., and Quimby, R. M.. From core collapse to superluminous: the rates of massive stellar explosions from the Palomar Transient Factory. United Kingdom: N. p., 2020.
Web. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa3607.
Frohmaier, C., Angus, C. R., Vincenzi, M., Sullivan, M., Smith, M., Nugent, P. E., Cenko, S. B., Gal-Yam, A., Kulkarni, S. R., Law, N. M., & Quimby, R. M.. From core collapse to superluminous: the rates of massive stellar explosions from the Palomar Transient Factory. United Kingdom. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa3607
Frohmaier, C., Angus, C. R., Vincenzi, M., Sullivan, M., Smith, M., Nugent, P. E., Cenko, S. B., Gal-Yam, A., Kulkarni, S. R., Law, N. M., and Quimby, R. M.. Sat .
"From core collapse to superluminous: the rates of massive stellar explosions from the Palomar Transient Factory". United Kingdom. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa3607.
@article{osti_1735681,
title = {From core collapse to superluminous: the rates of massive stellar explosions from the Palomar Transient Factory},
author = {Frohmaier, C. and Angus, C. R. and Vincenzi, M. and Sullivan, M. and Smith, M. and Nugent, P. E. and Cenko, S. B. and Gal-Yam, A. and Kulkarni, S. R. and Law, N. M. and Quimby, R. M.},
abstractNote = {ABSTRACT We present measurements of the local core-collapse supernova (CCSN) rate using SN discoveries from the Palomar Transient Factory (PTF). We use a Monte Carlo simulation of hundreds of millions of SN light-curve realizations coupled with the detailed PTF survey detection efficiencies to forward model the SN rates in PTF. Using a sample of 86 CCSNe, including 26 stripped-envelope SNe (SESNe), we show that the overall CCSN volumetric rate is $r^\mathrm{CC}_v=9.10_{-1.27}^{+1.56}\times 10^{-5}\, \text{SNe yr}^{-1}\, \text{Mpc}^{-3}\, h_{70}^{3}$ at 〈z〉 = 0.028, and the SESN volumetric rate is $r^\mathrm{SE}_v=2.41_{-0.64}^{+0.81}\times 10^{-5}\, \text{SNe yr}^{-1}\, \text{Mpc}^{-3}\, h_{70}^{3}$. We further measure a volumetric rate for hydrogen-free superluminous SNe (SLSNe-I) using eight events at z ≤ 0.2 of $r^\mathrm{SLSN-I}_v=35_{-13}^{+25}\, \text{SNe yr}^{-1}\text{Gpc}^{-3}\, h_{70}^{3}$, which represents the most precise SLSN-I rate measurement to date. Using a simple cosmic star formation history to adjust these volumetric rate measurements to the same redshift, we measure a local ratio of SLSN-I to SESN of ${\sim}1/810^{+1500}_{-94}$, and of SLSN-I to all CCSN types of ${\sim}1/3500^{+2800}_{-720}$. However, using host galaxy stellar mass as a proxy for metallicity, we also show that this ratio is strongly metallicity dependent: in low-mass (logM* < 9.5 M⊙) galaxies, which are the only environments that host SLSN-I in our sample, we measure an SLSN-I to SESN fraction of $1/300^{+380}_{-170}$ and $1/1700^{+1800}_{-720}$ for all CCSN. We further investigate the SN rates a function of host galaxy stellar mass, and show that the specific rates of all CCSNe decrease with increasing stellar mass.},
doi = {10.1093/mnras/staa3607},
journal = {Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society},
number = 4,
volume = 500,
place = {United Kingdom},
year = {2020},
month = {11}
}
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