Noncollinear magnetic structure and magnetoelectric coupling in buckled honeycomb Co4Nb2O9: A single-crystal neutron diffraction study

Ding, Lei; Lee, Minseong; Hong, Tao; Dun, Zhiling; Sinclair, Ryan; Chi, Songxue; Agrawal, Harish K.; Choi, Eun Sang; Chakoumakos, Bryan C.; Zhou, Haidong; Cao, Huibo

doi:10.1103/physrevb.102.174443

Title: Noncollinear magnetic structure and magnetoelectric coupling in buckled honeycomb Co₄Nb₂O₉: A single-crystal neutron diffraction study

Abstract

Through an analysis of single-crystal neutron diffraction data, we present the magnetic structure and magnetoelectric properties of Co₄Nb₂O₉ under various magnetic fields. In zero field, neutron diffraction experiments below T_N=27K reveal that the Co²⁺ moments order in the (ab) plane without any spin canting along the c axis, manifested by the magnetic symmetry C2/c'. Along each Co chain parallel to the c axis, the moments of nearest-neighbor Co atoms order ferromagnetically with a small cant away from the next-nearest-neighbor Co moments. Under the applied magnetic field H ∥ a, three magnetic domains were aligned with their major magnetic moments perpendicular to the magnetic field with no other observable magnetic transitions. The influences of magnetic fields on the magnetic structures associated with the observed magnetoelectric coupling are discussed.

Authors:

^[1];

^[2];

^[1]; Dun, Zhiling ^[3]; Sinclair, Ryan ^[3];

^[1]; Agrawal, Harish K. ^[1]; Choi, Eun Sang ^[2];

^[1];

^[4];

^[1]

Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
Florida State Univ., Tallahassee, FL (United States)
Univ. of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN (United States)
Univ. of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN (United States); Florida State Univ., Tallahassee, FL (United States)

Publication Date:: 2020-11-30

Research Org.:: Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES); National Science Foundation (NSF)

OSTI Identifier:: 1731059

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-00OR22725; KC0402010; SC-0020254; DMR-1644779

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Physical Review B

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 102; Journal Issue: 17; Journal ID: ISSN 2469-9950

Publisher:: American Physical Society (APS)

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND SUPERFLUIDITY; magnetism; magnetoelectric effect; multiferroics; neutron diffraction

Citation Formats


                    Ding, Lei, Lee, Minseong, Hong, Tao, Dun, Zhiling, Sinclair, Ryan, Chi, Songxue, Agrawal, Harish K., Choi, Eun Sang, Chakoumakos, Bryan C., Zhou, Haidong, and Cao, Huibo. Noncollinear magnetic structure and magnetoelectric coupling in buckled honeycomb Co4Nb2O9: A single-crystal neutron diffraction study.  United States: N. p., 2020. 
Web.  doi:10.1103/physrevb.102.174443.

Copy to clipboard


                    Ding, Lei, Lee, Minseong, Hong, Tao, Dun, Zhiling, Sinclair, Ryan, Chi, Songxue, Agrawal, Harish K., Choi, Eun Sang, Chakoumakos, Bryan C., Zhou, Haidong, & Cao, Huibo. Noncollinear magnetic structure and magnetoelectric coupling in buckled honeycomb Co4Nb2O9: A single-crystal neutron diffraction study.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.102.174443

Copy to clipboard


                    Ding, Lei, Lee, Minseong, Hong, Tao, Dun, Zhiling, Sinclair, Ryan, Chi, Songxue, Agrawal, Harish K., Choi, Eun Sang, Chakoumakos, Bryan C., Zhou, Haidong, and Cao, Huibo. Mon .  
"Noncollinear magnetic structure and magnetoelectric coupling in buckled honeycomb Co4Nb2O9: A single-crystal neutron diffraction study".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.102.174443.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1731059.

Copy to clipboard


                    
@article{osti_1731059,

  title        = {Noncollinear magnetic structure and magnetoelectric coupling in buckled honeycomb Co4Nb2O9: A single-crystal neutron diffraction study},

  author       = {Ding, Lei and Lee, Minseong and Hong, Tao and Dun, Zhiling and Sinclair, Ryan and Chi, Songxue and Agrawal, Harish K. and Choi, Eun Sang and Chakoumakos, Bryan C. and Zhou, Haidong and Cao, Huibo},

  abstractNote = {Through an analysis of single-crystal neutron diffraction data, we present the magnetic structure and magnetoelectric properties of Co4Nb2O9 under various magnetic fields. In zero field, neutron diffraction experiments below TN=27K reveal that the Co2+ moments order in the (ab) plane without any spin canting along the c axis, manifested by the magnetic symmetry C2/c'. Along each Co chain parallel to the c axis, the moments of nearest-neighbor Co atoms order ferromagnetically with a small cant away from the next-nearest-neighbor Co moments. Under the applied magnetic field H ∥ a, three magnetic domains were aligned with their major magnetic moments perpendicular to the magnetic field with no other observable magnetic transitions. The influences of magnetic fields on the magnetic structures associated with the observed magnetoelectric coupling are discussed.},

  doi          = {10.1103/physrevb.102.174443},

  journal      = {Physical Review B},

  number       = 17,

  volume       = 102,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {2020},

  month        = {11}

}

Copy to clipboard

Journal Article:

Free Publicly Available Full Text

Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Publisher's Version of Record

https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.102.174443

Other availability

Search WorldCat to find libraries that may hold this journal

Save / Share:

Export Metadata

Save to My Library

Works referenced in this record:

MATERIALS SCIENCE: The Renaissance of Magnetoelectric Multiferroics
journal, July 2005

Spaldin, N. A.
Science, Vol. 309, Issue 5733
DOI: 10.1126/science.1113357

Observation of ferrotoroidic domains
journal, October 2007

Van Aken, Bas B.; Rivera, Jean-Pierre; Schmid, Hans
Nature, Vol. 449, Issue 7163
DOI: 10.1038/nature06139

One-dimensional short-range magnetic correlations in the magnetoelectric pyroxene ${CaMnGe}_{2} O_{6}$
journal, February 2016

Ding, L.; Colin, C. V.; Darie, C.
Physical Review B, Vol. 93, Issue 6
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevB.93.064423

A thermodynamic theory of “weak” ferromagnetism of antiferromagnetics
journal, January 1958

Dzyaloshinsky, I.
Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids, Vol. 4, Issue 4
DOI: 10.1016/0022-3697(58)90076-3

Etude de niobates et tantalates de metaux de transition bivalents
journal, December 1961

Bertaut, E. F.; Corliss, L.; Forrat, F.
Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids, Vol. 21, Issue 3-4
DOI: 10.1016/0022-3697(61)90103-2

Magnetoelectric coupling in the honeycomb antiferromagnet ${Co}_{4} {Nb}_{2} O_{9}$
journal, February 2016

Khanh, N. D.; Abe, N.; Sagayama, H.
Physical Review B, Vol. 93, Issue 7
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevB.93.075117

Magnetic properties of the solid solution series
journal, March 2010

Schwarz, B.; Kraft, D.; Theissmann, R.
Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, Vol. 322, Issue 5
DOI: 10.1016/j.jmmm.2009.10.008

Symmetry-Based Computational Tools for Magnetic Crystallography
journal, July 2015

Perez-Mato, J. M.; Gallego, S. V.; Tasci, E. S.
Annual Review of Materials Research, Vol. 45, Issue 1
DOI: 10.1146/annurev-matsci-070214-021008

Multiferroics of spin origin
journal, July 2014

Tokura, Yoshinori; Seki, Shinichiro; Nagaosa, Naoto
Reports on Progress in Physics, Vol. 77, Issue 7
DOI: 10.1088/0034-4885/77/7/076501

Multi-ferroic magnetoelectrics
journal, January 1994

Schmid, Hans
Ferroelectrics, Vol. 162, Issue 1
DOI: 10.1080/00150199408245120

Recent advances in magnetic structure determination by neutron powder diffraction
journal, October 1993

Rodríguez-Carvajal, Juan
Physica B: Condensed Matter, Vol. 192, Issue 1-2
DOI: 10.1016/0921-4526(93)90108-I

Manipulation of electric polarization with rotating magnetic field in a honeycomb antiferromagnet ${Co}_{4} {Nb}_{2} O_{9}$
journal, September 2017

Khanh, N. D.; Abe, N.; Kimura, S.
Physical Review B, Vol. 96, Issue 9
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevB.96.094434

SrMGe ₂ O ₆ (M = Mn, Co): a family of pyroxene compounds displaying multiferroicity
journal, January 2016

Ding, Lei; Colin, Claire V.; Darie, Céline
Journal of Materials Chemistry C, Vol. 4, Issue 19
DOI: 10.1039/C6TC00149A

Second Harmonic Generation and Magnetic-Dipole-Electric-Dipole Interference in Antiferromagnetic ${Cr}_{2}$ $O_{3}$
journal, October 1994

Fiebig, M.; Fröhlich, D.; Krichevtsov, B. B.
Physical Review Letters, Vol. 73, Issue 15
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.73.2127

Four-circle single-crystal neutron diffractometer at the High Flux Isotope Reactor
journal, May 2011

Chakoumakos, Bryan C.; Cao, Huibo; Ye, Feng
Journal of Applied Crystallography, Vol. 44, Issue 3
DOI: 10.1107/S0021889811012301

Magnetoelectric Polarizability and Axion Electrodynamics in Crystalline Insulators
journal, April 2009

Essin, Andrew M.; Moore, Joel E.; Vanderbilt, David
Physical Review Letters, Vol. 102, Issue 14
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.102.146805

A new family of magnetoelectric materials: A2M4O9(A  Ta, Nb; M  Mn, Co)
journal, June 1972

Fischer, E.; Gorodetsky, G.; Hornreich, R. M.
Solid State Communications, Vol. 10, Issue 12
DOI: 10.1016/0038-1098(72)90927-1

A short review of the magnetoelectric effect and related experimental techniques on single phase (multi-) ferroics
journal, October 2009

Rivera, J. -P.
The European Physical Journal B, Vol. 71, Issue 3
DOI: 10.1140/epjb/e2009-00336-7

Origin of magnetoelectric effect in ${Co}_{4} {Nb}_{2} O_{9}$ and ${Co}_{4} {Ta}_{2} O_{9}$ : The lessons learned from the comparison of first-principles-based theoretical models and experimental data
journal, September 2016

Solovyev, I. V.; Kolodiazhnyi, T. V.
Physical Review B, Vol. 94, Issue 9
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevB.94.094427

Spin dynamics and magnetoelectric coupling mechanism of $C o_{4} N b_{2} O_{9}$
journal, February 2018

Deng, Guochu; Cao, Yiming; Ren, Wei
Physical Review B, Vol. 97, Issue 8
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevB.97.085154

Excess-hole induced high temperature polarized state and its correlation with the multiferroicity in single crystalline DyMnO ₃
journal, August 2014

Zou, Tao; Dun, Zhiling; Cao, Huibo
Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 105, Issue 5
DOI: 10.1063/1.4892470

MATERIALS SCIENCE: Multiferroics as Quantum Electromagnets
journal, June 2006

Tokura, Y.
Science, Vol. 312, Issue 5779
DOI: 10.1126/science.1125227

Multiferroics: a magnetic twist for ferroelectricity
journal, January 2007

Cheong, Sang-Wook; Mostovoy, Maxim
Nature Materials, Vol. 6, Issue 1
DOI: 10.1038/nmat1804

Magnetoelectric hysteresis loops in Cr $_{2}$ O $_{3}$ at room temperature
journal, May 2013

Iyama, Ayato; Kimura, Tsuyoshi
Physical Review B, Vol. 87, Issue 18
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevB.87.180408

Series of phase transitions and multiferroicity in the quasi-two-dimensional spin- $\frac{1}{2}$ triangular-lattice antiferromagnet ${Ba}_{3} {CoNb}_{2} O_{9}$
journal, March 2014

Lee, M.; Hwang, J.; Choi, E. S.
Physical Review B, Vol. 89, Issue 10
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevB.89.104420

Anisotropic Superexchange Interaction and Weak Ferromagnetism
journal, October 1960

Moriya, Tôru
Physical Review, Vol. 120, Issue 1
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRev.120.91

Some symmetry aspects of ferroics and single phase multiferroics ^*
journal, October 2008

Schmid, Hans
Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter, Vol. 20, Issue 43
DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/20/43/434201

The toroidal moment in condensed-matter physics and its relation to the magnetoelectric effect
journal, October 2008

Spaldin, Nicola A.; Fiebig, Manfred; Mostovoy, Maxim
Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter, Vol. 20, Issue 43
DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/20/43/434203

Revival of the magnetoelectric effect
journal, April 2005

Fiebig, Manfred
Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, Vol. 38, Issue 8
DOI: 10.1088/0022-3727/38/8/R01

The origin of thermally stimulated depolarization currents in multiferroic CuCrO ₂
journal, April 2015

Ngo, T. N. M.; Adem, U.; Palstra, T. T. M.
Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 106, Issue 15
DOI: 10.1063/1.4918747

Magnetic Structure of Cr ₂ O ₃
journal, March 1965

Corliss, L. M.; Hastings, J. M.; Nathans, R.
Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 36, Issue 3
DOI: 10.1063/1.1714118

Colossal magnetodielectric effect and spin flop in magnetoelectric Co ₄ Nb ₂ O ₉ crystal
journal, July 2016

Yin, L. H.; Zou, Y. M.; Yang, J.
Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 109, Issue 3
DOI: 10.1063/1.4959086

Large magnetoelectric coupling in Co4Nb2O9
journal, January 2014

Fang, Y.; Song, Y. Q.; Zhou, W. P.
Scientific Reports, Vol. 4, Issue 1
DOI: 10.1038/srep03860

Epitaxial BiFeO₃ Multiferroic Thin Film Heterostructures
journal, March 2003

Wang, J.; Neaton, J. B.; Zheng, H.
Science, Vol. 299, Issue 5613, p. 1719-1722
DOI: 10.1126/science.1080615

Multiferroic and magnetoelectric materials
journal, August 2006

Eerenstein, W.; Mathur, N. D.; Scott, J. F.
Nature, Vol. 442, Issue 7104
DOI: 10.1038/nature05023

Spin-flop driven magneto-dielectric effect in Co ₄ Nb ₂ O ₉
journal, September 2011

Kolodiazhnyi, T.; Sakurai, H.; Vittayakorn, N.
Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 99, Issue 13
DOI: 10.1063/1.3645017

Antiferromagnetism in a ${Cr}_{2}$ $O_{3}$ Crystal
journal, May 1956

McGuire, T. R.; Scott, E. J.; Grannis, F. H.
Physical Review, Vol. 102, Issue 4
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRev.102.1000

Similar Records in DOE PAGES and OSTI.GOV collections:

Large spin-driven dielectric response and magnetoelectric coupling in the buckled honeycomb $$Fe_4Nb_2O_9$$

Journal Article Ding, Lei ; Lee, Minseong ; Choi, Eun Sang ; ... - Physical Review Materials

We present the significant spin-driven dielectric anomaly ( 40% drop) and magnetoelectric coupling near the magnetic ordering temperature in single crystal Fe4Nb2O9. By combining neutron and x-ray single crystal diffraction techniques, we have unambiguously determined its magnetic symmetry and studied the structural phase transition at TS=70 K. The temperature-dependent static dielectric constant is strongly anisotropic, rendering two dielectric anomalies along the a axis in the hexagonal lattice with the first one coupled to the magnetic ordering around TN = 96 K and the second one accompanying with a first-order structural transition around TS=70 K. Below TN, we found that themore »« less
Cited by 8
https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevmaterials.4.084403

Full Text Available
Noncollinear antiferromagnetic order in the buckled honeycomb lattice of magnetoelectric Co₄Ta₂O₉ determined by single-crystal neutron diffraction

Journal Article Choi, Sungkyun ; Oh, Dong Gun ; Gutmann, Matthias J. ; ... - Physical Review. B

Co₄Ta₂O₉ exhibits a three-dimensional magnetic lattice based on the buckled honeycomb motif. It shows unusual magnetoelectric effects, including the sign change and nonlinearity. These effects cannot be understood without the detailed knowledge of the magnetic structure. Herein, we report neutron diffraction and direction-dependent magnetic susceptibility measurements on Co₄Ta₂O₉ single crystals. In this work, below 20.3 K, we find a long-range antiferromagnetic order in the alternating buckled and flat honeycomb layers of Co²⁺ ions stacked along the c axis. Within experimental accuracy, the magnetic moments lie in the ab plane. They form a canted antiferromagnetic structure with a tilt angle ofmore »« less
https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.102.214404

Full Text Available
Noncollinear magnetic structure and anisotropic magnetoelastic coupling in cobalt pyrovanadate $$\mathrm{Co_2V_2O_7}$$

Journal Article Ji, W. H. ; Yin, L. ; Zhu, W. M. ; ... - Physical Review B

\mathrm{Co_2V_2O_7}more »« less
Cited by 8
https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.100.134420

Full Text Available
Anomalous magnetic structure and spin dynamics in magnetoelectric LiFePO₄

Journal Article Toft-Petersen, Rasmus ; Reehuis, Manfred ; Jensen, Thomas B. S. ; ... - Physical Review. B, Condensed Matter and Materials Physics

We report significant details of the magnetic structure and spin dynamics of LiFePO₄ obtained by single-crystal neutron scattering. Our results confirm a previously reported collinear rotation of the spins away from the principal b axis, and they determine that the rotation is toward the a axis. In addition, we find a significant spin-canting component along c. Furthermore, the possible causes of these components are discussed, and their significance for the magnetoelectric effect is analyzed. Inelastic neutron scattering along the three principal directions reveals a highly anisotropic hard plane consistent with earlier susceptibility measurements. While using a spin Hamiltonian, we showmore »« less
Cited by 34
https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.92.024404

Full Text Available
NaCo₂(SeO₃)₂(OH): competing magnetic ground states of a new sawtooth structure with 3d⁷ Co²⁺ ions

Journal Article Sanjeewa, Liurukara D. ; Garlea, Vasile O. ; Taddei, Keith ; ... - Inorganic Chemistry Frontiers (Online)

While certain magnetic sublattices have long been known theoretically to give rise to emergent physics via competing magnetic interactions and quantum effects, finding such configurations in real materials is often deeply challenging. Here we report the synthesis and characterization of a new such material, NaCo₂(SeO₃)₂(OH) which crystallizes with a highly frustrated sublattice of sawtooth Co²⁺ chains. Single crystals of NaCo₂(SeO₃)₂(OH) were synthesized using a low-temperature hydrothermal method. X-ray single crystal structure analysis reveals that the material crystallizes in orthorhombic space group of Pnma (no. 62). Its crystal structure exhibits one-dimensional chains of corner-sharing isosceles triangles that are made of twomore »« less
https://doi.org/10.1039/D2QI01072K

Full Text Available

Similar Records

Title: Noncollinear magnetic structure and magnetoelectric coupling in buckled honeycomb Co4Nb2O9: A single-crystal neutron diffraction study

Abstract

Citation Formats

MATERIALS SCIENCE: The Renaissance of Magnetoelectric Multiferroics journal, July 2005

Observation of ferrotoroidic domains journal, October 2007

One-dimensional short-range magnetic correlations in the magnetoelectric pyroxene CaMnGe 2 O 6 journal, February 2016

A thermodynamic theory of “weak” ferromagnetism of antiferromagnetics journal, January 1958

Etude de niobates et tantalates de metaux de transition bivalents journal, December 1961

Magnetoelectric coupling in the honeycomb antiferromagnet Co 4 Nb 2 O 9 journal, February 2016

Magnetic properties of the solid solution series journal, March 2010

Symmetry-Based Computational Tools for Magnetic Crystallography journal, July 2015

Multiferroics of spin origin journal, July 2014

Multi-ferroic magnetoelectrics journal, January 1994

Recent advances in magnetic structure determination by neutron powder diffraction journal, October 1993

Manipulation of electric polarization with rotating magnetic field in a honeycomb antiferromagnet Co 4 Nb 2 O 9 journal, September 2017

SrMGe 2 O 6 (M = Mn, Co): a family of pyroxene compounds displaying multiferroicity journal, January 2016

Second Harmonic Generation and Magnetic-Dipole-Electric-Dipole Interference in Antiferromagnetic Cr 2 O 3 journal, October 1994

Four-circle single-crystal neutron diffractometer at the High Flux Isotope Reactor journal, May 2011

Magnetoelectric Polarizability and Axion Electrodynamics in Crystalline Insulators journal, April 2009

A new family of magnetoelectric materials: A2M4O9(A  Ta, Nb; M  Mn, Co) journal, June 1972

A short review of the magnetoelectric effect and related experimental techniques on single phase (multi-) ferroics journal, October 2009

Origin of magnetoelectric effect in Co 4 Nb 2 O 9 and Co 4 Ta 2 O 9 : The lessons learned from the comparison of first-principles-based theoretical models and experimental data journal, September 2016

Spin dynamics and magnetoelectric coupling mechanism of C o 4 N b 2 O 9 journal, February 2018

Excess-hole induced high temperature polarized state and its correlation with the multiferroicity in single crystalline DyMnO 3 journal, August 2014

MATERIALS SCIENCE: Multiferroics as Quantum Electromagnets journal, June 2006

Multiferroics: a magnetic twist for ferroelectricity journal, January 2007

Magnetoelectric hysteresis loops in Cr 2 O 3 at room temperature journal, May 2013

Series of phase transitions and multiferroicity in the quasi-two-dimensional spin- 1 2 triangular-lattice antiferromagnet Ba 3 CoNb 2 O 9 journal, March 2014

Anisotropic Superexchange Interaction and Weak Ferromagnetism journal, October 1960

Some symmetry aspects of ferroics and single phase multiferroics * journal, October 2008

The toroidal moment in condensed-matter physics and its relation to the magnetoelectric effect journal, October 2008

Revival of the magnetoelectric effect journal, April 2005

The origin of thermally stimulated depolarization currents in multiferroic CuCrO 2 journal, April 2015

Magnetic Structure of Cr 2 O 3 journal, March 1965

Colossal magnetodielectric effect and spin flop in magnetoelectric Co 4 Nb 2 O 9 crystal journal, July 2016

Large magnetoelectric coupling in Co4Nb2O9 journal, January 2014

Epitaxial BiFeO3 Multiferroic Thin Film Heterostructures journal, March 2003

Multiferroic and magnetoelectric materials journal, August 2006

Spin-flop driven magneto-dielectric effect in Co 4 Nb 2 O 9 journal, September 2011

Antiferromagnetism in a Cr 2 O 3 Crystal journal, May 1956

Title: Noncollinear magnetic structure and magnetoelectric coupling in buckled honeycomb Co₄Nb₂O₉: A single-crystal neutron diffraction study

MATERIALS SCIENCE: The Renaissance of Magnetoelectric Multiferroics
journal, July 2005

Observation of ferrotoroidic domains
journal, October 2007

One-dimensional short-range magnetic correlations in the magnetoelectric pyroxene ${CaMnGe}_{2} O_{6}$
journal, February 2016

A thermodynamic theory of “weak” ferromagnetism of antiferromagnetics
journal, January 1958

Etude de niobates et tantalates de metaux de transition bivalents
journal, December 1961

Magnetoelectric coupling in the honeycomb antiferromagnet ${Co}_{4} {Nb}_{2} O_{9}$
journal, February 2016

Magnetic properties of the solid solution series
journal, March 2010

Symmetry-Based Computational Tools for Magnetic Crystallography
journal, July 2015

Multiferroics of spin origin
journal, July 2014

Multi-ferroic magnetoelectrics
journal, January 1994

Recent advances in magnetic structure determination by neutron powder diffraction
journal, October 1993

Manipulation of electric polarization with rotating magnetic field in a honeycomb antiferromagnet ${Co}_{4} {Nb}_{2} O_{9}$
journal, September 2017

SrMGe ₂ O ₆ (M = Mn, Co): a family of pyroxene compounds displaying multiferroicity
journal, January 2016

Second Harmonic Generation and Magnetic-Dipole-Electric-Dipole Interference in Antiferromagnetic ${Cr}_{2}$ $O_{3}$
journal, October 1994

Four-circle single-crystal neutron diffractometer at the High Flux Isotope Reactor
journal, May 2011

Magnetoelectric Polarizability and Axion Electrodynamics in Crystalline Insulators
journal, April 2009

A new family of magnetoelectric materials: A2M4O9(A  Ta, Nb; M  Mn, Co)
journal, June 1972

A short review of the magnetoelectric effect and related experimental techniques on single phase (multi-) ferroics
journal, October 2009

Origin of magnetoelectric effect in ${Co}_{4} {Nb}_{2} O_{9}$ and ${Co}_{4} {Ta}_{2} O_{9}$ : The lessons learned from the comparison of first-principles-based theoretical models and experimental data
journal, September 2016

Spin dynamics and magnetoelectric coupling mechanism of $C o_{4} N b_{2} O_{9}$
journal, February 2018

Excess-hole induced high temperature polarized state and its correlation with the multiferroicity in single crystalline DyMnO ₃
journal, August 2014

MATERIALS SCIENCE: Multiferroics as Quantum Electromagnets
journal, June 2006

Multiferroics: a magnetic twist for ferroelectricity
journal, January 2007

Magnetoelectric hysteresis loops in Cr $_{2}$ O $_{3}$ at room temperature
journal, May 2013

Series of phase transitions and multiferroicity in the quasi-two-dimensional spin- $\frac{1}{2}$ triangular-lattice antiferromagnet ${Ba}_{3} {CoNb}_{2} O_{9}$
journal, March 2014

Anisotropic Superexchange Interaction and Weak Ferromagnetism
journal, October 1960

Some symmetry aspects of ferroics and single phase multiferroics ^*
journal, October 2008

The toroidal moment in condensed-matter physics and its relation to the magnetoelectric effect
journal, October 2008

Revival of the magnetoelectric effect
journal, April 2005

The origin of thermally stimulated depolarization currents in multiferroic CuCrO ₂
journal, April 2015

Magnetic Structure of Cr ₂ O ₃
journal, March 1965

Colossal magnetodielectric effect and spin flop in magnetoelectric Co ₄ Nb ₂ O ₉ crystal
journal, July 2016

Large magnetoelectric coupling in Co4Nb2O9
journal, January 2014

Epitaxial BiFeO₃ Multiferroic Thin Film Heterostructures
journal, March 2003

Multiferroic and magnetoelectric materials
journal, August 2006

Spin-flop driven magneto-dielectric effect in Co ₄ Nb ₂ O ₉
journal, September 2011

Antiferromagnetism in a ${Cr}_{2}$ $O_{3}$ Crystal
journal, May 1956