DOE PAGES title logo U.S. Department of Energy
Office of Scientific and Technical Information

Title: Surface modification of bamboo fiber with sodium hydroxide and graphene oxide in epoxy composites

Journal Article · · Polymer Composites
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/pc.25888 · OSTI ID:1729737
ORCiD logo [1];  [2]
  1. Michigan State Univ., East Lansing, MI (United States); Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
  2. Michigan State Univ., East Lansing, MI (United States)

Bamboo fibers (BFs) have high mechanical properties and are candidate reinforcement for epoxy matrix composites. However, to improve performance, good fiber-matrix interaction is required. In this work, unidirectional long BF reinforced epoxy composites at fiber volume content of 22%, 40%, and 50% were made by compression molding. The 40 v% untreated BF reinforced composites exhibited 107% and 439% increase for flexural strength and modulus, respectively, compared to neat epoxy. Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) treatment was used to modify the surface of the BFs, and then the NaOH modified BFs were coated with graphene oxide (GO). The 40 v% NaOH modified BF composites showed an improvement from 259.9 to 327.5 MPa for flexural strength and from 16.7 to 21.5 GPa for flexural modulus, compared to 40 v% untreated BF composites. Slight improvement in properties up to 334.6 MPa for flexural strength and up to 23.8 GPa for flexural modulus was achieved for composites made of 40 v% NaOH/GO modified BF. Surface modification of BF after the NaOH and NaOH/GO treatment was confirmed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and by scanning electron microscopy, which showed differences on the fiber surface morphology and on the composite fracture surface. This BF surface modification approach with GO has potential to impart other properties beyond mechanical to produce multifunctional composite and lead to the use of sustainable plant fibers as alternatives to synthetic fibers.

Research Organization:
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)
Grant/Contract Number:
AC52-07NA27344
OSTI ID:
1729737
Report Number(s):
LLNL-JRNL-812533; 1017244
Journal Information:
Polymer Composites, Vol. na, Issue na; ISSN 0272-8397
Publisher:
WileyCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

References (43)

Mechanical and thermal properties of graphene oxide/ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene nanocomposites journal January 2015
Morphological aspects and mechanical properties of single bamboo fibers and flexural characterization of bamboo/ epoxy composites journal March 2011
Tunable crack propagation behavior in carbon fiber reinforced plastic laminates with polydopamine and graphene oxide treated fibers journal January 2017
Preparation of Graphene Oxide Coatings onto Carbon Fibers by Electrophoretic Deposition for Enhancing Interfacial Strength in Carbon Fiber Composites journal January 2016
Elaboration of properties of graphene oxide reinforced epoxy nanocomposites journal May 2017
Reduced graphene oxide deposited carbon fiber reinforced polymer composites for electromagnetic interference shielding journal March 2016
Interfacial Microstructure and Properties of Carbon Fiber Composites Modified with Graphene Oxide journal February 2012
The chemistry of graphene oxide journal January 2010
Cell wall structure and formation of maturing fibres of moso bamboo ( Phyllostachys pubescens ) increase buckling resistance journal September 2011
Toward Understanding the Different Function of Two Types of Parenchyma Cells in Bamboo Culms journal February 2002
Synthesis of graphene-based nanosheets via chemical reduction of exfoliated graphite oxide journal June 2007
Improved cryogenic interlaminar shear strength of glass fabric/epoxy composites by graphene oxide journal May 2015
High-Performance Graphene-Based Natural Fiber Composites journal September 2018
The reduction of graphene oxide journal August 2012
Characterization of dimensional stability in flax fiber reinforced polypropylene composites journal October 2017
Prospect of bamboo as a renewable textile fiber, historical overview, labeling, controversies and regulation journal January 2016
Enhanced mechanical properties of short carbon fiber reinforced polyethersulfone composites by graphene oxide coating journal February 2015
Ultrastructure of parenchyma cell wall in bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis) culms journal June 2020
Modification of bamboo fibers/bio-based epoxy interface by nano-reinforced coatings journal June 2016
Graphene Oxide Dispersions in Organic Solvents journal October 2008
Graphene and Graphene Oxide: Synthesis, Properties, and Applications journal June 2010
Tensile behaviour for mercerization of single kenaf fiber journal December 2018
Modifying glass fibers with graphene oxide: Towards high-performance polymer composites journal June 2014
Bamboo fibres sourced from three global locations: A microstructural, mechanical and chemical composition study journal December 2018
Effect of Fiber Length on Mechanical Properties of "Green" Composites Using a Starch-Based Resin and Short Bamboo Fibers journal January 2004
Sustainability of surface treatment of natural fibre in composite formation: challenges of environment-friendly option journal November 2019
Improvement in mechanical properties of jute fibres through mild alkali treatment as demonstrated by utilisation of the Weibull distribution model journal March 2012
Surface Modification of Natural Fibers: A Review journal January 2016
Carbon fiber/epoxy matrix composite interphases modified with cellulose nanocrystals journal August 2018
Bamboo fibre reinforced biocomposites: A review journal December 2012
Hybrid nanocomposites of nanostructured Co 3 O 4 interfaced with reduced/nitrogen-doped graphene oxides for selective improvements in electrocatalytic and/or supercapacitive properties journal January 2017
Extraction and preparation of bamboo fibre-reinforced composites journal November 2014
Enhanced Epoxy/GO Composites Mechanical and Thermal Properties by Removing Air Bubbles with Shear Mixing and Ultrasonication journal October 2019
Molecular-Level Dispersion of Graphene into Poly(vinyl alcohol) and Effective Reinforcement of their Nanocomposites journal July 2009
Effects of environmental aging on the mechanical properties of bamboo–glass fiber reinforced polymer matrix hybrid composites journal January 2002
Effect of Graphene Oxide Coating on Natural Fiber Composite for Multilayered Ballistic Armor journal August 2019
Natural fiber reinforced polylactic acid composites: A review journal January 2018
Hybrid cellulose‐inorganic reinforcement polypropylene composites: Lightweight materials for automotive applications journal November 2019
How to improve mechanical properties of polylactic acid with bamboo fibers journal October 2007
Thermal and Mechanical Properties of Bamboo Fiber Reinforced Epoxy Composites journal June 2018
Preparation and characterization of graphene oxide paper journal July 2007
Quantitative Study of Interface/Interphase in Epoxy/Graphene-Based Nanocomposites by Combining STEM and EELS journal November 2016
Influence of physical and chemical treatments on the mechanical properties of bamboo fibers journal January 2017