Redox state of Earth’s magma ocean and its Venus-like early atmosphere

Sossi, Paolo A.; Burnham, Antony D.; Badro, James; Lanzirotti, Antonio; Newville, Matt; O’Neill, Hugh St.C.

doi:10.1126/sciadv.abd1387

Title: Redox state of Earth’s magma ocean and its Venus-like early atmosphere

Journal Article · 25 November 2020 · Science Advances

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abd1387 · OSTI ID:1729695

^[1];

^[2]; Badro, James ^[3];

^[4];

^[2]

ETH Zürich (Switzerland); Univ. of Paris (France)
Australian National Univ., Canberra, ACT (Australia)
Univ. of Paris (France)
Univ. of Chicago, IL (United States)

Exchange between a magma ocean and vapor produced Earth’s earliest atmosphere. Its speciation depends on the oxygen fugacity (fO₂) set by the Fe³⁺/Fe²⁺ ratio of the magma ocean at its surface. Here, we establish the relationship between fO₂ and Fe³⁺/Fe²⁺ in quenched liquids of silicate Earth-like composition at 2173 K and 1 bar. Mantle-derived rocks have Fe³⁺/(Fe³⁺+Fe²⁺) = 0.037 ± 0.005, at which the magma ocean defines an fO₂ 0.5 log units above the iron-wüstite buffer. At this fO₂, the solubilities of H-C-N-O species in the magma ocean produce a CO-rich atmosphere. Cooling and condensation of H₂O would have led to a prebiotic terrestrial atmosphere composed of CO₂-N₂, in proportions and at pressures akin to those observed on Venus. Present-day differences between Earth’s atmosphere and those of her planetary neighbors result from Earth’s heliocentric location and mass, which allowed geologically long-lived oceans, in-turn facilitating CO₂ drawdown and, eventually, the development of life.

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Research Organization:: Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States). Advanced Photon Source (APS)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)

OSTI ID:: 1729695

Journal Information:: Science Advances, Vol. 6, Issue 48; ISSN 2375-2548

Publisher:: AAASCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: ENGLISH

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