Discovery versus precision in nuclear physics: A tale of three scales

Miller, Gerald A.

doi:10.1103/physrevc.102.055206

Title: Discovery versus precision in nuclear physics: A tale of three scales

Abstract

At least three length scales are important in gaining a complete understanding of the physics of nuclei. These are the radius of the nucleus, the average inter-nucleon separation distance, and the size of the nucleon. The connections between the different scales are examined by using examples that demonstrate the direct connection between short-distance and high-momentum transfer physics and also that significant high-momentum content of wave functions is inevitable. The nuclear size is connected via the independent-pair approximation to the nucleon-nucleon separation distance, and this distance is connected via the concept of virtuality to the EMC effect. An explanation of the latter is presented in terms of light-front holographic wave functions of QCD. The net result is that the three scales are closely related, so that a narrow focus on any given specific range of scales may prevent an understanding of the fundamental origins of nuclear properties. It is also determined that, under certain suitable conditions, experiments are able to measure the momentum dependence of wave functions.

Authors:

^[1]

Univ. of Washington, Seattle, WA (United States)

Publication Date:: Wed Nov 25 00:00:00 EST 2020

Research Org.:: Univ. of Washington, Seattle, WA (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Nuclear Physics (NP)

OSTI Identifier:: 1727261

Grant/Contract Number:: FG02-97ER41014

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Physical Review. C

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 102; Journal Issue: 5; Journal ID: ISSN 2469-9985

Publisher:: American Physical Society (APS)

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS; EMC effect

Citation Formats


                    Miller, Gerald A. Discovery versus precision in nuclear physics: A tale of three scales.  United States: N. p., 2020. 
Web.  doi:10.1103/physrevc.102.055206.

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                    Miller, Gerald A. Discovery versus precision in nuclear physics: A tale of three scales.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevc.102.055206

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                    Miller, Gerald A. Wed .  
"Discovery versus precision in nuclear physics: A tale of three scales".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevc.102.055206.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1727261.

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@article{osti_1727261,

  title        = {Discovery versus precision in nuclear physics: A tale of three scales},

  author       = {Miller, Gerald A.},

  abstractNote = {At least three length scales are important in gaining a complete understanding of the physics of nuclei. These are the radius of the nucleus, the average inter-nucleon separation distance, and the size of the nucleon. The connections between the different scales are examined by using examples that demonstrate the direct connection between short-distance and high-momentum transfer physics and also that significant high-momentum content of wave functions is inevitable. The nuclear size is connected via the independent-pair approximation to the nucleon-nucleon separation distance, and this distance is connected via the concept of virtuality to the EMC effect. An explanation of the latter is presented in terms of light-front holographic wave functions of QCD. The net result is that the three scales are closely related, so that a narrow focus on any given specific range of scales may prevent an understanding of the fundamental origins of nuclear properties. It is also determined that, under certain suitable conditions, experiments are able to measure the momentum dependence of wave functions.},

  doi          = {10.1103/physrevc.102.055206},

  journal      = {Physical Review. C},

  number       = 5,

  volume       = 102,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Wed Nov 25 00:00:00 EST 2020},

  month        = {Wed Nov 25 00:00:00 EST 2020}

}

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Weiss, R.; Cruz-Torres, R.; Barnea, N.
Physics Letters B, Vol. 780
DOI: 10.1016/j.physletb.2018.01.061

Can long-range nuclear properties Be influenced by short range interactions? A chiral dynamics estimate
journal, June 2019

Miller, G. A.; Beck, A.; May-Tal Beck, S.
Physics Letters B, Vol. 793
DOI: 10.1016/j.physletb.2019.05.010

How should one formulate, extract and interpret ‘non-observables’ for nuclei?
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Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle Physics, Vol. 37, Issue 6
DOI: 10.1088/0954-3899/37/6/064005

Momentum-space second-order optical potential for pion-nucleus elastic scattering
journal, September 1987

Gmitro, M.; Kamalov, S. S.; Mach, R.
Physical Review C, Vol. 36, Issue 3
DOI: 10.1103/physrevc.36.1105

Nuclear and Nucleon Scattering of High-Energy Electrons
journal, December 1957

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Annual Review of Nuclear Science, Vol. 7, Issue 1
DOI: 10.1146/annurev.ns.07.120157.001311

non-locality of the nucleon-nucleon potential from Lattice QCD
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Murano, Keiko
Proceedings of The XXVIII International Symposium on Lattice Field Theory — PoS(Lattice 2010)
DOI: 10.22323/1.105.0150

Nuclear matrix elements of neutrinoless double beta decay with improved short-range correlations
text, January 2007

Kortelainen, Markus; Suhonen, Jouni
arXiv
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.0708.0115

Evolution of Nuclear Many-Body Forces with the Similarity Renormalization Group
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Jurgenson, E. D.; Navratil, P.; Furnstahl, R. J.
arXiv
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.0905.1873

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preprint, January 2019

Hen, O.; Hauenstein, F.; Higinbotham, D. W.
arXiv
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.1905.02172

Scale and Scheme Independence and Position-Momentum Equivalence of Nuclear Short-Range Correlations
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Cruz-Torres, R.; Lonardoni, D.; Weiss, R.
arXiv
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.1907.03658

Short-Range Correlations and the Nuclear EMC Effect in Deuterium and Helium-3
text, January 2020

Segarra, E. P.; Pybus, J. R.; Hauenstein, F.
arXiv
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.2006.10249

Are Occupation Numbers Observable?
text, January 2001

Furnstahl, R. J.; Hammer, H. -W.
arXiv
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.nucl-th/0108069

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Title: Discovery versus precision in nuclear physics: A tale of three scales

Abstract

Citation Formats

Can long-range nuclear properties Be influenced by short range interactions? A chiral dynamics estimate journal, June 2019

Light axial vector bosons, nuclear transitions, and the Be 8 anomaly journal, June 2017

Towards a model-independent low momentum nucleon–nucleon interaction journal, December 2003

Chiral dynamics and nuclear matter journal, January 2002

Role of color neutrality in nuclear physics: Modifications of nucleonic wave functions journal, August 1996

Measurement of the A dependence of deep-inelastic electron scattering journal, May 1994

0 ν β β -decay nuclear matrix elements with self-consistent short-range correlations journal, May 2009

Three-Dimensional Bethe-Salpeter Equation Applied to the Nucleon-Nucleon Interaction journal, January 1970

Tensor Forces and the Ground-State Structure of Nuclei journal, March 2007

Renormalized Poincaré algebra for effective particles in quantum field theory journal, February 2002

Double beta decay, Majorana neutrinos, and neutrino mass journal, April 2008

Low-momentum interactions with smooth cutoffs journal, March 2007

New Results on Short-Range Correlations in Nuclei journal, October 2017

Nucleon-Nucleon Potential and Its Non-Locality in Lattice QCD journal, June 2011

Nuclear matrix elements of 0 ν β β decay with improved short-range correlations journal, August 2007

Short-range correlation effects on the nuclear matrix element of neutrinoless double- β decay journal, December 2014

Universality of Generalized Parton Distributions in Light-Front Holographic QCD journal, May 2018

Chiral lagrangians and nuclear forces journal, October 1992

Modified structure of protons and neutrons in correlated pairs journal, February 2019

Searching for Flavor Dependence in Nuclear Quark Behavior journal, July 2019

Review of Particle Physics journal, August 2018

New Measurements of High-Momentum Nucleons and Short-Range Structures in Nuclei journal, February 2012

Deep Inelastic Electron Scattering journal, December 1972

Fluctuating proton size and oscillating color transparency journal, October 1988

Operator evolution from the similarity renormalization group and the Magnus expansion journal, September 2020

Three-Dimensional Covariant Integral Equations for Low-Energy Systems journal, October 1969

A Relativistic Equation for Bound-State Problems journal, December 1951

Angle-resolved photoemission studies of the cuprate superconductors journal, April 2003

Electromagnetic form factors and charge densities from hadrons to nuclei journal, October 2009

Model-independent low momentum nucleon interaction from phase shift equivalence journal, October 2003

High-Energy Reactions and the Evidence for Correlations in the Nuclear Ground-State Wave Function journal, June 1955

Observation of nuclear scaling in the A ( e , e ′ ) reaction at x B > 1 journal, July 2003

Global study of nuclear structure functions journal, January 2006

Relation between the deuteron form factor at high momentum transfer and the high energy neutron-proton scattering amplitude journal, April 2004

Modern theory of nuclear forces journal, December 2009

Operator evolution via the similarity renormalization group: The deuteron journal, November 2010

Deep-inelastic scattering from off-shell nucleons journal, February 1994

Spin Correlations, QCD Color Transparency, and Heavy-Quark Thresholds in Proton-Proton Scattering journal, May 1988

The ratio of the nucleon structure functions F2N for iron and deuterium journal, March 1983

Decoupling in the similarity renormalization group for nucleon-nucleon forces journal, July 2008

Nuclear Force from Lattice QCD journal, July 2007

Nuclear Many-Body Problem journal, September 1956

High-energy scattering of protons by nuclei journal, January 1970

Evolution of Nuclear Many-Body Forces with the Similarity Renormalization Group journal, August 2009

The nuclear contacts and short range correlations in nuclei journal, May 2018

Improved short-range correlations and 0 ν β β nuclear matrix elements of Ge 76 and Se 82 journal, May 2007

Linear Integral Equations for Relativistic Multichannel Scattering journal, February 1966

One-pion-exchange potential deuteron journal, September 1984

From low-momentum interactions to nuclear structure journal, July 2010

Disassembling the nuclear matrix elements of the neutrinoless ββ decay journal, March 2009

Modern Quantum Mechanics book, January 2017

Proton-Neutron and Proton-Proton Correlations in Medium-Weight Nuclei and the Role of the Tensor Force journal, April 2008

Nucleon effective masses in neutron-rich matter journal, March 2018

Is nuclear matter perturbative with low-momentum interactions? journal, December 2005

Probing the Repulsive Core of the Nucleon-Nucleon Interaction via the He 4 ( e , e ′ p N ) Triple-Coincidence Reaction journal, July 2014

Short Range Correlations and the EMC Effect journal, February 2011

Probing the core of the strong nuclear interaction journal, February 2020

Short range correlations and the isospin dependence of nuclear correlation functions journal, October 2018

The emc Effect and high Momentum Nucleons in Nuclei journal, July 2013

Color transparency in (p, pp) reactions journal, November 1993

Two-nucleon potential from chiral Lagrangians journal, May 1996

Nuclear and Nucleon Scattering of High-Energy Electrons journal, December 1957

Renormalization of Hamiltonians journal, December 1993

E FFECTIVE F IELD T HEORY FOR F EW -N UCLEON S YSTEMS journal, December 2002

Measurement of Two- and Three-Nucleon Short-Range Correlation Probabilities in Nuclei journal, March 2006

Evidence for short-range correlations from high Q 2 ( e , e ’) reactions journal, November 1993

Evidence for Strong Dominance of Proton-Neutron Correlations in Nuclei journal, October 2006

In-medium short-range dynamics of nucleons: Recent theoretical and experimental advances journal, August 2015

High-Energy Electron Scattering and the Charge Distributions of Selected Nuclei journal, February 1956

Pion-only, chiral light-front model of the deuteron journal, May 2002

Are low-energy nuclear observables sensitive to high-energy phase shifts? journal, June 2007

Confinement in Nuclei and the Expanding Proton journal, December 2019

Photodisintegration of the Deuteron journal, April 1955

High-Energy Inelastic e − p Scattering at 6° and 10° journal, October 1969

Similarity renormalization group for nucleon-nucleon interactions journal, June 2007

Generalized nuclear contacts and momentum distributions journal, November 2015

Comparison between variational Monte Carlo and shell model calculations of neutrinoless double beta decay matrix elements in light nuclei journal, November 2019

Can long-range nuclear properties Be influenced by short range interactions? A chiral dynamics estimate
journal, June 2019

Light axial vector bosons, nuclear transitions, and the ${}^{8}{Be}$ anomaly
journal, June 2017

Towards a model-independent low momentum nucleon–nucleon interaction
journal, December 2003

Chiral dynamics and nuclear matter
journal, January 2002

Role of color neutrality in nuclear physics: Modifications of nucleonic wave functions
journal, August 1996

Measurement of the $A$ dependence of deep-inelastic electron scattering
journal, May 1994

$0 ν β β$ -decay nuclear matrix elements with self-consistent short-range correlations
journal, May 2009

Three-Dimensional Bethe-Salpeter Equation Applied to the Nucleon-Nucleon Interaction
journal, January 1970

Tensor Forces and the Ground-State Structure of Nuclei
journal, March 2007

Renormalized Poincaré algebra for effective particles in quantum field theory
journal, February 2002

Double beta decay, Majorana neutrinos, and neutrino mass
journal, April 2008

Low-momentum interactions with smooth cutoffs
journal, March 2007

New Results on Short-Range Correlations in Nuclei
journal, October 2017

Nucleon-Nucleon Potential and Its Non-Locality in Lattice QCD
journal, June 2011

Nuclear matrix elements of $0 ν β β$ decay with improved short-range correlations
journal, August 2007

Short-range correlation effects on the nuclear matrix element of neutrinoless double- β decay
journal, December 2014

Universality of Generalized Parton Distributions in Light-Front Holographic QCD
journal, May 2018

Chiral lagrangians and nuclear forces
journal, October 1992

Modified structure of protons and neutrons in correlated pairs
journal, February 2019

Searching for Flavor Dependence in Nuclear Quark Behavior
journal, July 2019

Review of Particle Physics
journal, August 2018

New Measurements of High-Momentum Nucleons and Short-Range Structures in Nuclei
journal, February 2012

Deep Inelastic Electron Scattering
journal, December 1972

Fluctuating proton size and oscillating color transparency
journal, October 1988

Operator evolution from the similarity renormalization group and the Magnus expansion
journal, September 2020

Three-Dimensional Covariant Integral Equations for Low-Energy Systems
journal, October 1969

A Relativistic Equation for Bound-State Problems
journal, December 1951

Angle-resolved photoemission studies of the cuprate superconductors
journal, April 2003

Electromagnetic form factors and charge densities from hadrons to nuclei
journal, October 2009

Model-independent low momentum nucleon interaction from phase shift equivalence
journal, October 2003

High-Energy Reactions and the Evidence for Correlations in the Nuclear Ground-State Wave Function
journal, June 1955

Observation of nuclear scaling in the ${A (e, e}^{'})$ reaction at $x_{B} > 1$
journal, July 2003

Global study of nuclear structure functions
journal, January 2006

Relation between the deuteron form factor at high momentum transfer and the high energy neutron-proton scattering amplitude
journal, April 2004

Modern theory of nuclear forces
journal, December 2009

Operator evolution via the similarity renormalization group: The deuteron
journal, November 2010

Deep-inelastic scattering from off-shell nucleons
journal, February 1994

Spin Correlations, QCD Color Transparency, and Heavy-Quark Thresholds in Proton-Proton Scattering
journal, May 1988

The ratio of the nucleon structure functions F2N for iron and deuterium
journal, March 1983

Decoupling in the similarity renormalization group for nucleon-nucleon forces
journal, July 2008

Nuclear Force from Lattice QCD
journal, July 2007

Nuclear Many-Body Problem
journal, September 1956

High-energy scattering of protons by nuclei
journal, January 1970

Evolution of Nuclear Many-Body Forces with the Similarity Renormalization Group
journal, August 2009

The nuclear contacts and short range correlations in nuclei
journal, May 2018

Improved short-range correlations and $0 ν β β$ nuclear matrix elements of ${}^{76}{Ge}$ and ${}^{82}{Se}$
journal, May 2007

Linear Integral Equations for Relativistic Multichannel Scattering
journal, February 1966

One-pion-exchange potential deuteron
journal, September 1984

From low-momentum interactions to nuclear structure
journal, July 2010

Disassembling the nuclear matrix elements of the neutrinoless ββ decay
journal, March 2009

Modern Quantum Mechanics
book, January 2017

Proton-Neutron and Proton-Proton Correlations in Medium-Weight Nuclei and the Role of the Tensor Force
journal, April 2008

Nucleon effective masses in neutron-rich matter
journal, March 2018

Is nuclear matter perturbative with low-momentum interactions?
journal, December 2005

Probing the Repulsive Core of the Nucleon-Nucleon Interaction via the ${}^{4}{He} (e, e^{'} p N)$ Triple-Coincidence Reaction
journal, July 2014

Short Range Correlations and the EMC Effect
journal, February 2011

Probing the core of the strong nuclear interaction
journal, February 2020

Short range correlations and the isospin dependence of nuclear correlation functions
journal, October 2018

The emc Effect and high Momentum Nucleons in Nuclei
journal, July 2013

Color transparency in (p, pp) reactions
journal, November 1993

Two-nucleon potential from chiral Lagrangians
journal, May 1996

Nuclear and Nucleon Scattering of High-Energy Electrons
journal, December 1957

Renormalization of Hamiltonians
journal, December 1993

E FFECTIVE F IELD T HEORY FOR F EW -N UCLEON S YSTEMS
journal, December 2002

Measurement of Two- and Three-Nucleon Short-Range Correlation Probabilities in Nuclei
journal, March 2006

Evidence for short-range correlations from high $Q^{2}$ ( e , e ’) reactions
journal, November 1993

Evidence for Strong Dominance of Proton-Neutron Correlations in Nuclei
journal, October 2006

In-medium short-range dynamics of nucleons: Recent theoretical and experimental advances
journal, August 2015

High-Energy Electron Scattering and the Charge Distributions of Selected Nuclei
journal, February 1956

Pion-only, chiral light-front model of the deuteron
journal, May 2002

Are low-energy nuclear observables sensitive to high-energy phase shifts?
journal, June 2007

Confinement in Nuclei and the Expanding Proton
journal, December 2019

Photodisintegration of the Deuteron
journal, April 1955

High-Energy Inelastic $e - p$ Scattering at 6° and 10°
journal, October 1969

Similarity renormalization group for nucleon-nucleon interactions
journal, June 2007

Generalized nuclear contacts and momentum distributions
journal, November 2015

Comparison between variational Monte Carlo and shell model calculations of neutrinoless double beta decay matrix elements in light nuclei
journal, November 2019

Sanity check for NN bound states in lattice QCD with Lüscher’s finite volume formula – Disclosing Symptoms of Fake Plateaux –
journal, January 2018

Electron Scattering and Nuclear Structure
journal, July 1956

Low-momentum interaction in few-nucleon systems
journal, December 2004